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Alkaline leaching mechanism of MSWI bottom ash: the pivotal role of Si(Al) chemical bonding environments

Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Ningning SHAO Zekun JIAO Weipeng FENG Yu JIN Fanlong KONG Zhijun DONG Zuotai ZHANG Institute of Technology for Marine Civil Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology (SZIIT) Guizhou NASH Ecological Technology Co. LTD School of Environmental Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)

Municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash(MSWIBA) is a complex assemblage of aluminosilicate materials encompassing diverse solid wastes. Thus, its complexity poses great challenges to their resource utilization. For the sake of the alkali activation use of MSWIBA, this work focused on the characterizations and alkaline leaching experiments of various classified MSWIBA after sorting. Among the different categories of MSWIBA, waste glass(BA-G) and other unidentified slags(BA-O) were identified as potential precursors for alkali activation use. The alkaline leaching experiments proved that alkaline concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time, and raw material classification influenced the leaching process and results. Among these, the Si/Al chemical bonding environments from the material type played a pivotal role. When the materials had Qn(n>2) as the primary bonding structure, steric hindrance by the chain frameworks affected the alkali dissolution process, resulting in gradual disintegration from the outer layers inward. For the materials dominated by Q1frameworks, OH-could penetrate the frameworks, leading to their rapid depolymerization and outward dissolution. Overall, the Si/Al bonding environment played a crucial role in alkaline dissolution, providing theoretical guidance for classifying the alkali-activation utilization of MSWIBA and other aluminosilicate solid wastes.

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Wafer‑Scale Ag_(2)S‑Based Memristive Crossbar Arrays with Ultra‑Low Switching‑Energies Reaching Biological Synapses

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 328-339页

作者： Yuan Zhu Tomas Nyberg Leif Nyholm Daniel Primetzhofer Xun Shi Zhen Zhang division of solid‑State Electronics Department of Electrical EngineeringUppsala University75121 UppsalaSweden Department of Chemistry Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050People’s Republic of China

Memristive crossbar arrays(MCAs)offer parallel data storage and processing for energy-efficient neuromorphic ***,most wafer-scale MCAs that are compatible with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)technology still suffer from substantially larger energy consumption than biological synapses,due to the slow kinetics of forming conductive paths inside the memristive *** we report wafer-scale Ag_(2)S-based MCAs realized using CMOS-compatible processes at temperatures below 160℃.Ag_(2)S electrolytes supply highly mobile Ag+ions,and provide the Ag/Ag_(2)S interface with low silver nucleation barrier to form silver filaments at low energy *** further enhancing Ag+migration in Ag_(2)S electrolytes via microstructure modulation,the integrated memristors exhibit a record low threshold of approximately−0.1 V,and demonstrate ultra-low switching-energies reaching femtojoule values as observed in biological *** low-temperature process also enables MCA integration on polyimide substrates for applications in flexible ***,the intrinsic nonidealities of the memristive units for deep learning can be compensated by employing an advanced training *** impressive accuracy of 92.6%in image recognition simulations is demonstrated with the MCAs after the *** demonstrated MCAs provide a promising device option for neuromorphic computing with ultra-high energy-efficiency.

关键词： Wafer-scale Ag_(2)S films Reactive sputter Silver nucleation Ag^(+)migration Energy-efficient neuromorphic computing

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Rapid degradation of hexachlorobenzene by micron Ag/Fe bimetal particles

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第3期25卷 473-478页

作者： Xiaoqin Nie Jianguo Liu Xianwei Zeng Dongbei Yue School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityKey Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment SafetyMinistry of education of China

The feasibility of the rapid degradation of hexachlorobenzene （HCB） by micron-size silver （Ag）/iron （Fe） particles was ***/Fe particles with different ratios （0,0.05%,0.09%,0.20%,and 0.45%） were prepared by electroless silver plating on 300 mesh Fe powder,and were used to degrade HCB at different pH values and *** dechlorination ability of Fe greatly increased with small Ag addition,whereas too much added Ag would cover the Fe surface and reduce the effective reaction surface,thereby decreasing the extent of *** optimal Ag/Fe ratio was 0.09%.Tafel polarization curves showed that HCB was rapidly degraded at neutral or acidic pH,whereas low pH levels severely intensified H2 production,which consumed the reducing electrons needed for the HCB *** degradation was more sensitive to temperature than *** rate constant of HCB dechlorination was 0.452 min-1 at 85℃,50 times higher than that at 31℃.HCB was degraded in a successive dechlorination pathway,yielding the main products 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene within 2 hr.

关键词： dechlorination hexachlorobenzene silver-iron micron bimetallic particles chlorinated toxic organics

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Influence of SO_2 in incineration flue gas on the sequestration of CO_2 by municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第4期25卷 735-740页

作者： Jianguo Jiang Sicong Tian Chang Zhang School of Environment Tsinghua University Key Laboratory for solid waste management and Environment Safety Ministry of Education of China

The influence of CO2 content and presence of SO2 on the sequestration of CO2 by municipal solid waste incinerator （MSWI） fly ash was studied by investigating the carbonation reaction of MSWI fly ash with different combinations of simulated flue gas. The reaction between fly ash and 100% CO2 was relatively fast; the uptake of CO2 reached 87 g CO2/kg ash, and the sequestered CO2 could be entirely released at high temperatures. When CO2 content was reduced to 12%, the reaction rate decreased; the uptake fell to 41 g CO2/kg ash, and 70.7% of the sequestered CO2 could be released. With 12% CO2 in the presence of SO2, the reaction rate significantly decreased; the uptake was just 17 g CO2/kg ash, and only 52.9% of the sequestered CO2 could be released. SO2 in the simulated gas restricted the ability of fly ash to sequester CO2 because it blocked the pores of the ash.

关键词： municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash SO2 accelerated carbonation CO2 sequestration simulated incineration flue gas

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Dissolutive wetting process and interfacial characteristic of molten Sn–17Bi–0.5Cu alloy on copper substrate

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Rare Metals 2013年第6期32卷 537-543页

作者： Bing-Sheng Xu Li-Kun Zang Zhang-Fu Yuan Yan Wu Zhou Zhou Beijing Key Laboratory for solid waste Utilization and management Department of Energy and Resources EngineeringCollege of Engineering Peking University Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry and Biology EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing Key Laboratory for solid waste Utilization and management Department of Energy and Resources Engineering College of Engineering Peking University Beijing Key Laboratory for solid waste Utilization and management Department of Energy and Resources Engineering College of Engineering Peking University

The reactive spreading processes of Sn–17Bi–0.5Cu melt alloy on Cu substrate were studied by sessile drop method in the temperature range of 523–673 *** contact angles between the solder and Cu substrate at different times were recorded with high-resolution CCD digital *** smallest contact angle was observed at623 and 673 *** spreading radius does not increase monotonously with the temperature *** can be attributed to the strong dissolution of Cu substrate into the liquid solder,which hinders the solder from *** line area configuration of the Sn–17Bi–0.5Cu/Cu system was discussed by the description of the equilibrium *** calculated results based on experiments of the tension balances along each of the three interfaces show good agreement with theoretical *** compounds at the Sn–17Bi–0.5Cu/Cu interface are identified as Cu6Sn5adjacent to the solder and Cu3Sn adjacent to the Cu substrate,*** results are of practical interest for composite lead-free solders’preparations and joining of Sn–17Bi–0.5Cu to Cu substrate.

关键词： Lead-free solder Reactive wetting Sessile drop method Interfaces

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Mercury in soil,vegetable and human hair in a typical mining area in China:Implication for human exposure

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第6期30卷 73-82页

作者： Qin Jia Xuemei Zhu Yaqiong Hao Ziliang Yang Qi Wang Haihui Fu Hongjin Yu College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal University Research Institute of solid waste management Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

Concentrations of total mercury（T-Hg） and methylmercury（MeHg） in soil, vegetables, and human hair were measured in a mercury mining area in central China. T-Hg and MeHg concentrations in soil ranged from 1.53 to 1054.97 mg/kg and 0.88 to 46.52 μg/kg, respectively.T-Hg concentrations was correlated with total organic carbon（TOC） content（R^2= 0.50, p〈0.01）and pH values（R^2= 0.21, p〈0.05）. A significant linear relationship was observed between MeHg concentrations and the abundance of sulfate-reducing bacteria（SRB）（R^2= 0.39, p〈0.05） in *** incubation experiments amended with specific microbial stimulants and inhibitors showed that Hg methylation was derived from SRB activity. T-Hg and MeHg concentrations in vegetables were 24.79 – 781.02 μg/kg and 0.01 – 0.18 μg/kg, respectively; levels in the edible parts were significantly higher than in the roots（T-Hg： p〈0.05; MeHg： p〈0.01）. Hg species concentrations in rhizosphere soil were positively correlated to those in vegetables（p〈0.01）, indicating that soil was an important source of Hg in vegetables. Risk assessment indicated that the consumption of vegetables could result in higher probable daily intake（PDI） of T-Hg than the provisional tolerable daily intake（PTDI） for both adults and children. In contrast, the PDI of MeHg was lower than the reference dose. T-Hg and MeHg concentrations in hair samples ranged from 1.57 to 12.61 mg/kg and 0.04 to 0.94 mg/kg, respectively, and MeHg concentration in hair positively related to PDI of MeHg via vegetable consumption（R^2= 0.39, p〈0.05）, suggesting that vegetable may pose health risk to local residents.

关键词： Mercury Methylmercury Soil Vegetable Human hair

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Characterization of humic substances in bio-treated municipal solid waste landfill leachate

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012年第5期6卷 711-716页

作者： Guangxia QI Dongbei YUE Yongfeng NIE Key Laboratory for solid waste management and Environment Safety(Ministry of Education) Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Considerable organic matter remains in muni- cipal solid waste landfill leachate after biological treat- ments. Humic substances （HSs） dominate the organic matter in bio-treated landfill leachate. In this study, the HSs from landfill leachate treated by membrane bioreactor （MBR-HSs） were analyzed via elemental analysis, ultra- violet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and charge polarized magic-angle spin- ning-~3C-nuclear magnetic resonance. The characteristic absorption in the UV wavelength range indicated the presence of high C=C and C=O double bonds within the MBR-HSs. Compared with commercial HSs, MBR-HSs had lower carbon content [48.14% for fulvic acids （FA） and 49.52% for humic acids （HA）], higher nitrogen content （4.31% for FA and 6.16% for HA）, lower aromatic structure content, and higher carbohydrate and carboxylic atoms of carbon content. FA predominantly had an aliphatic structure, and HA had less condensed or substituted aromatic ring structures than natural HA. The aromatic carbon content of MBR-HSs was lower than that of humus-derived HSs but higher than that of waste- derived HSs, indicating that MBR-HSs appeared to be more similar to humus-derived HSs than waste-derived HA.

关键词： bio-treated landfill leachate humic sub-stances elemental analysis spectroscopic characteristics

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Exploring the potential of extrachromosomal DNA as a novel oncogenic driver

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 144-157页

作者： Huanbo Zhu Longtao Huangfu Junbing Chen Jiafu Ji Xiaofang Xing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing) Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research LaboratoryPeking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Center Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Department of Liver Surgery & Transplantation Liver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan University Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative management of Gastrointestinal Cancers Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational ResearchDivision of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research LaboratoryPeking University Cancer Hospital & Institute

Extrachromosomal DNA(ecDNA) is a form of circular DNA mostly found in tumor cells. Unlike the typical chromosomal DNA, ecDNA is circular, self-replicating, and carries complete or partial gene fragments. Although ecDNA occurrence remains a rare event in cancer, recent studies have shown that oncogene amplification on ecDNA is widespread throughout many types of cancer, implying that ecDNA plays a central role in accelerating tumor evolution. ecDNA has also been associated with increased tumor mutation burden, chromosomal instability, and even tumor microenvironment remodeling. ecDNA may be crucial in influencing tumor heterogeneity, drug sensitivity,oncogenic senescence, and tumor immunogenicity, leading to a worsening prognosis for tumor patients. In this way, several clinical trials have been conducted to investigate the importance of ecDNA in clinical treatment. In this review, we summarize the biogenesis, characteristics, and current research methods of ecDNA, discuss the vital role of ecDNA-caused tumor heterogeneity in cancers, and highlight the potential role of ecDNA in cancer therapy.

关键词： extrachromosomal DNA cancer therapy tumor heterogeneity drug resistance tumor evolution

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New molecular method to detect denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation bacteria from different environmental niches

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第3期30卷 367-374页

作者： Sai Xu Wenjing Lu Farooq Mustafa Muhammad Yanting Liu Hanwen Guo Ruihong Meng Hongtao Wang School of Environment Tsinghua University Key Laboratory for solid waste management and Environment Safety (Tsinghua University) Ministry of Education of ChinaTsinghua University

The denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation is an ecologically important process for reducing the potential methane emission into the *** responsible bacterium for this process was Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera belonging to the bacterial phylum of *** this study,a new pair of primers targeting all the five groups of NC10 bacteria was designed to amplify NC10 bacteria from different environmental *** results showed that the group A was the dominant NC10 phylum bacteria from the sludges and food waste digestate while in paddy soil samples,group A and group B had nearly the same *** results also indicated that NC10 bacteria could exist in a high p H environment（pH 9.24）from the food waste treatment *** Pearson relationship analysis showed that the p H had a significant positive relationship with the NC10 bacterial diversity（p0.05）.The redundancy analysis further revealed that the p H,volatile solid and nitrite nitrogen were the most important factors in shaping the NC10 bacterial structure（p=0.01）based on the variation inflation factors selection and Monte Carlo test（999 times）.Results of this study extended the existing molecular tools for studying the NC10 bacterial community structures and provided new information on the ecological distributions of NC10 bacteria.

关键词： NC10 bacteria Anaerobic methane oxidation Molecular primer Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera

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Effectiveness of aerobic pretreatment of municipal solid waste for accelerating biogas generation during simulated landfilling

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018年第3期12卷 79-87页

作者： Munawar Ali Junli Zhang Roberto Raga Maria Cristina Lavagnolo Alberto Pivato Xu Wang Yuanyuan Zhang Raffaello Cossu Dongbei Yue School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Key Laboratory for solid waste management and Environment Safety (Tsinghua University) Ministry of Education of China Beijing 100084 China solid waste and Chemical management Centre Ministry of Environmental Protection Beijing 100029 China DII Department of Industrial Engineering University of Padova Via Marzolo 9 35131 Padova Italy

This study evaluates the effectiveness of aerobic pretreatment of municipal solid waste （MSW） on reducing lag phase and accelerating biogas generation. Aerobic pretreatment degree （APD） was determined on the basis of reduction in volatile solids （VS） on a wet weight basis. In this study, intermittent aeration （IA） was applied to three reactors as a main aeration mode; since a single reactor was operated under continuous aeration mode. However, the purpose of the experiment was to reduce VS content of waste, irrespective of the comparison between aeration modes. Fresh MSW was first pretreated aerobically with different aeration rates （10, 40, 60 and 85 L/min/m3） for the period of 30- 50 days, resulting in VS-loss equivalent to 20%, 27%, 38% and 53q4 on w/w basis for the wastes AI, A2, A3 and A4, respectively. The cumulative biogas production, calculated based on the modified Gompertz model were 384, 195, 353,215, and 114 L/kg VS for the wastes A0, A1, A2, A3 and A4, respectively. Untreated waste （A0） showed a long lag phase; whereas the lag phases of pretreated MSW were reduced by more than 90e/L Aerobically pretreated wastes reached stable methanogenic phase within 41 days compared to 418 days for untreated waste. The waste mass decreased by about 8% to 27% compared to untreated MSW, indicative that even more MSW could be placed in the same landfill. The study confirmed the effectiveness of aerobic pretreatment of MSW prior to landfilling on reducing lag phase and accelerating biogas generation.

关键词： Municipal solid waste (MSW)Aerobic pretreatment degree (APD)Volatile solids (VS)Intermittent aeration (IA)Landfill gasLandfilling

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