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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第2期20卷 383-400页

作者： Yongchun Liu Ni Qiao Yanli Yang Yanchun Li Chunxiao He Siyang Wang Chengcheng Liu Ruixia Lei Wang Li Wenwen Gao College of Chemistry and chemical Engineering FLUOBON Pilot Base of Chemical EngineeringLongdong UniversityQingyang745000China Qingyang solid and Hazardous waste Pollution Prevention and Control management center Qingyang745000China Gansu Qingluyuan Environmental Monitoring Co. Ltd.Qingyang745000China School of Chemistry and chemical Engineering Shanxi Key Laboratory of Low Metamorphic Coal Clean UtilizationYulin UniversityYulin719000China

A silylated melamine sponge(SMS)was prepared by two simple steps,namely,immersion and dehydration of a melamine sponge coated with *** silylated structure of SMS was characterized by FT-IR(Fourier-transform infrared)spectroscopy,SEM(Scanning electron microscopy)and in terms of water contact *** oil-water absorption and separation capacities were measured by FT-IR and UV-visible *** experimental results have shown that oligomeric silanol covalently bonds by Si-N onto the surface of melamine sponge *** has shown superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle exceeding 150°±1°,a better separation efﬁciency with regard to diesel oil(by 99.31%(wt/wt%)in oil-water mixture and even up to 99.99%(wt/wt%)for diesel oil in its saturated aqueous ***,SMS inherited the intrinsicﬂame retardancy of the melamine *** general,SMS has shown superhydrophobicity,high porosity,excellent selectivity,remarkable recyclability,and better absorption capacity for various oils and organic solvents,and a high separation efﬁciency for oil in saturated aqueous solutions.

关键词： Methyltrichlorosilane silylated melamine sponge(SMS) superhydrophobicity absorption capacity oil-water separable efﬁciency ﬂame retardancy

Soil and microbial C:N:P stoichiometries play vital roles in regulating P transformation in agricultural ecosystems:A review

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 44-51页

作者： Guanglei CHEN Jiahui YUAN Shenqiang WANG Yuting LIANG Dengjun WANG Yiyong ZHU Yu WANG State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research StationInstitute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China School of Life Sciences Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221000China School of Fisheries Aquacultureand Aquatic SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburn AL 36849USA Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation center for solid Organic waste Resource Utilization College of Resources and Environmental ScienceNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Stoichiometry plays a crucial role in biogeochemical cycles and can modulate soil nutrient availability and functions. In agricultural ecosystems,phosphorus(P) fertilizers(organic or chemical) are often applied to achieve high crop yields. However, P is readily fixed by soil particles, leading to low P use efficiency. Therefore, understanding the role of carbon:nitrogen:P stoichiometries of soil and microorganisms in soil P transformation is of great significance for P management in agriculture. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent research on stoichiometry effect on soil P transformation in agricultural ecosystems. Soil microorganisms play an important role in the transformation of soil non-labile inorganic P to microbial biomass P by regulating microbial biomass stoichiometry. They also mobilize soil unavailable organic P into available P by changing ecoenzyme stoichiometry. Organic materials, such as manure and straw, play an important role in promoting the transformation of insoluble P into available P as well. Additionally, periphytic biofilms can reduce P loss from rice field ecosystems. Agricultural stoichiometries are different from those of natural ecosystems and thereby should receive more attention due to the influences of anthropogenic factors. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further stoichiometry research on the soil biochemical mechanisms underlying P transformation in agricultural ecosystems. In conclusion, understanding stoichiometry impact on soil P transformation is crucial for P management in agricultural ecosystems.

关键词： ecoenzyme microbial biomass microbial community microorganism P availability periphytic biofilm soil P transformation

Evaluating the treatment of E-waste──a case study of discarded refrigerators

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Journal of China University of Mining and Technology 2008年第3期18卷 454-458页

作者： DENG Jian-jun WEN Xue-feng ZHAO Yue-min School of chemical Engineering and Technology China University of Mining ＆ Technology Xuzhou Jiangsu 221008 China National center of solid waste management MEP Beijing 100029 China

Disassembly and recycling of E-waste creates a series of environmental problems. The selection of a technologically reliable, environmentally friendly, economically affordable and socially acceptable recycling technology for E-waste is a significant question. This study establishes a Monte-Carlo mathematical model of cost minimization, given the constraints of environmentally sound handling of the e-waste, in the context of Crystal Ball risk assessment and evaluation software. By following the streams of the different treatment processes, which consist of various technologies including disassembly, recycling and disposal, the econom-ics of various possibilities were identified and the optimal recycling technology proposed. The key factors of the proposed scenarios were determined by using sensitivity analysis. The results of this study show that, for discarded refrigerators, the operating life span plays the key role. The model supports maintenance and resale of the short lived refrigerators. For the longer lived refrigerators material recycling is recommended by the model. Sensitivity analysis shows that purchase cost, plastic sale price, condenser sale price and disassembly costs are the main effects. This study provides a significant technical support for policy making in E-waste management.

关键词： E-waste end-of-life refrigerator recycling Monte-carlo method sensitivity analysis

Network analysis of eight industrial symbiosis systems

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第2期10卷 352-365页

作者： Yan ZHANG Hongmei ZHENG Han SHI Xiangyi YU Gengyuan LIU Meirong SU Yating LI Yingying CHAI State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Department of Public Policy City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China solid waste and chemical management center of mep Beijing 100029 China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China

Industrial symbiosis is the quintessential characteristic of an eco-industrial park. To divide parks into different types, previous studies mostly focused on qualitative judgments, and failed to use metrics to conduct quantitative research on the intemal structural or functional characteristics of a park. To analyze a park＇s structural attributes, a range of metrics from network analysis have been applied, but few researchers have compared two or more symbioses using multiple metrics. In this study, we used two metrics （density and network degree centraliza- tion） to compare the degrees of completeness and dependence of eight diverse but representative industrial symbiosis networks. Through the combination of the two metrics, we divided the networks into three types： weak completeness, and two forms of strong completeness, namely ＂anchor tenant＂ mutualism and ＂equality-oriented＂ mutualism. The results showed that the networks with a weak degree of completeness were sparse and had few connections among nodes; for ＂anchor tenant＂ mutualism, the degree of completeness was relatively high, but the affiliated members were too dependent on core members; and the members in ＂equality-oriented＂ mutualism had equal roles, with diverse and flexible symbiotic paths. These results revealed some of the systems＇ internal structure and how different structures influenced the exchanges of materials, energy, and knowledge among members of a system, thereby providing insights into threats that may destabilize the network. Based on this analysis, we provide examples of the advantages and effectiveness of recent improvement projects in a typical Chinese eco-industrial park （Shandong Lubei）.

关键词： industrial ecology network analysis density,network degree centralization eco-industrial park

Upcycling municipal solid waste to sustainable hydrogen via two-stage gasification-reforming

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 611-624页

作者： Hui Zhou Shuzhuang Sun Yikai Xu Yeshui Zhang Shouliang Yi Chunfei Wu Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001HenanChina Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Engineering University of AberdeenAberdeen AB243UEUK U.S.Department of Energy National Energy Technology LaboratoryPittsburghPA 15236USA School of Chemistry and chemical Engineering Queen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUK

As global municipal solid waste(MSW)quantities continue to escalate,serious socio-environmental challenges arise,necessitating innovative ***-to-hydrogen(WTH)via two-stage gasification-reforming(TSGR)presents an emergent technology for MSW upcycling,offering to ease waste management burdens and bolster the burgeoning hydrogen *** early initiatives to advance TSGR technology,a cohesive and critical analysis of cutting-edge knowledge and strategies to enhance hydrogen production remains *** review aggregates literature on MSW upcycling to hydrogen via TSGR,with a focus on optimizing process control and catalytic *** underscores technological avenues to augment hydrogen output,curtail catalyst costs,and refine system ***,the review illuminates the potential for integrating chemical and calcium looping into TSGR processes,identifying opportunities,and pinpointing *** review concludes with a summary of the current state of techno-economic analysis for this technology,presenting outstanding challenges and future research directions,with the ultimate goal of transitioning WTH from theoretical to practical application.

关键词： Municipal solidwaste Upcycling Gasification Reforming Hydrogen

Uranium speciation in coal bottom ash investigated via X-ray absorption fine structure and X-ray photoelectron spectra

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第12期30卷 88-94页

作者： Yinglong Sun Menxin Wu Lirong Zheng Bangda Wang Yi Wang National Meteorological center China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory for solid waste management and Environment Safety Ministry of Education of China Tsinghua University Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Similar to chromium contamination, the environmental contamination caused by uranium in radioactive coal bottom ash（CBA） is primarily dependent on the chemical speciation of uranium. However, the relationship between uranium speciation and environmental contamination has not been adequately studied. To determine the relationship between uranium speciation and environmental contamination, X-ray absorption fine structure（XAFS） and X-ray photoelectron spectra（XPS） analyses were performed to determine the uranium speciation in CBA exposed to different chemical environments and simulated natural environments. The leachability of the different forms of uranium in the CBA was studied via a simulated acid rain leaching experiment, and the results showed that 57.0% of the total uranium was leached out as U（VI）. The results of a linear combination fit（LCF）of the X-ray absorption near edge structure（XANES） spectrum revealed that in the raw CBA, the uranium mainly occurred as U_3O_8（71.8%）. However, in the iron-rich particles, the uranium mainly occurred as UO_2（91.9%） after magnetic separation. Magnetite is a ubiquitous ferrousbearing oxide, and it was effective for the sorption of U（IV）. The result of FeSO_4 leaching experiment indicated that 96.57% of total uranium was reduced from U（VI） to U（IV） when infiltrated with the FeSO_4 solution for 6 months. This result clearly demonstrated the changes in chemical valence of uranium in the coal ash and provided a conceptual principle for preventing uranium migration from ash to the surrounding soil and plants.

关键词： Coal bottom ash Uranium speciation XAFS Uranium migration

Determination of characteristics for mechanically separated organic fraction of MsW at a full-scale anaerobic digestion plant

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waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第2期6卷 233-241页

作者： Yagmur Kabakci Sadiye Kosar Ozgur Dogan Fehmi Gorkem Uctug Osman Atilla Arikan Department of Environmental Engineering Istanbul Technical University34469 AyazagaIstanbulTurkiye TUBITAK Marmara Research center 41400 GebzeKocaeliTirkiye Centre for Water Technology(WATEC)and Department of Biological and chemical Engineering Aarhus UniversityOle Worms Allé38000 Aarhus CDenmark Faculty of Engineering Izmir University of Economics35330BalcovaIzmirTurkiye

Anaerobic digestion(AD)as a waste management method has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions while pro-ducing renewable energy,making it a viable option for managing the organic fraction of municipal solid waste(OFMSW).OFMSW characteristics can vary depending on factors such as waste source,composition and separation *** charac-teristics of OFMSW are critical for analyzing and monitoring the AD process to optimize biogas *** this study,the waste composition and physicochemical characteristics of the mechanically separated OFMSW(ms-OFMSW)were determined at a full-scale AD plant in *** ms-OFMSW samples were collected monthly after mechanical separation and were subsequently sent to the anaerobic *** composition and physicochemical characteristics of the samples were determined by manual *** results showed that the majority of the ms-OFMSW(76.45%±1.71%)was organic,while 8.99%±1.56%was recyclable and 14.56%±1.69%was *** of environmental benefits for the recyclable materials was determined using a free online tool provided by Environmental Protection ***(399.7 GJ)and plas-tics(403.7 GJ)both saved nearly the same amount of energy while metals saved the most water(421.8 m3),with the greatest positive *** benefits ranged from 3 tons to 40 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent for each waste *** findings suggest that efficient pre-separation units can improve the anaerobic digestibility of OFMSW,while also providing greater environmental benefits by preventing recyclable waste from the anaerobic *** addition to encouraging source separation applications,this study demonstrates the need for improved technologies to separate OFMSW from mixed MSW.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion Composition Mechanical separation Organic fraction of municipal solid waste Ms-OFMSW

Analysis of Economic Benefits Brought by Industrialization of Natural Enemy Insects

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Asian Agricultural Research 2024年第9期16卷 11-15页

作者： Jie XIE Shoumei WAN Jinyu ZHAO Lingling XIAO Haiyan WANG Jian TANG Xiaolei JI Jing PENG Guiyang Customs Logistics management center Guiyang 550081China Guizhou Light Industry Technical College Guiyang 561000China

In the field of biological control of agricultural and forestry pests,natural enemy insects play an important role,constituting the core of modern integrated pest management(IPM)strategy,providing solid support for the zero growth goal of chemical pesticide use,and helping the sustainable development of green *** rise of the natural enemy insect industry has become a key driver of the transformation of green agriculture,injecting vitality into the sustainability and ecological protection of *** the increasing concern about food safety,environmental protection and ecological balance all over the world,the application scope of natural enemy insects as biological control means is constantly *** unique ecological adaptability and environmentally friendly characteristics help to reduce dependence on chemical pesticides,ensure the safety of agricultural products and maintain ecological *** purpose of this study is to analyze the current situation of natural enemy insect industry,evaluate its cost and benefit,emphasize its great significance in promoting the transformation of green agriculture,improving production efficiency and promoting ecological protection by drawing lessons from foreign successful experiences,and explore an efficient and sustainable new agricultural development model.

关键词： Natural enemy insects Industrialization Transformation of green agriculture Economic benefits

Fate and removal of typical pharmaceutical and personal care products in a wastewater treatment plant from Beijing： a mass balance study

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第3期10卷 491-501页

作者： Jie GAO Jun HUANG Weiwei CHEN Bin WANG Yujue WANG Shubo DENG Gang YU State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC) Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOCC) School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Beijing Municipal solid waste and chemical management center Beijing 100084 China Xiamen Urban Planning and Design Institute Xiamen 361012 China

The fate and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products （PPCPs） in wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） has received great attention during the last decade. Numerous data concerning concentrations in the water phase can be found in the literature, however corresponding data from sludge as well as associated mass balance calculations are very limited. In the present study, the adsorbed and dissolved concentrations of 9 PPCPs were investigated in each unit of a WWTP in Beijing, China. Based on the calculation of mass balance, the relative mass distribution and removal efficiency of each target compound was obtained at each process. The amount of PPCPs entering into the WWTP ranged from 12 g·d^-1 to 3848 g·d^-1. Five target compounds （caffeine, chloramphenicol, bezafibrate, clofibric acid, and N,N- diethyl-meta-toluamide） were effectively removed, with rates of 57%-100%. Negative removal efficiencies were obtained for sulpiride, metoprolol, nalidixic acid, and carbamazepine, ranging from -19% to -79%. PPCPs mainly existed in dissolved form （≥92%） in both the raw influent and the final effluent. The sludge cake carried a much lower amount of PPCPs （17 g·d^-1） compared with the discharged effluent （402 g·d^-1）. In A^2/O treatment tanks, the anaerobic and anoxic tanks showed good performance for PPCPs removal, and the amount of adsorbed PPCPs was increased. The results reveal that both the dissolved and the adsorbed phases should be considered when assessing the removal capacity of each A^2/O tank.

关键词： PPCPs A^2/O mass balance removal efficiency sludge

Pilot-scale acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation from corn stover

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Green Carbon 2024年第1期2卷 81-93页

作者： Changsheng Su Di Cai Honggang Zhang Yilu Wu Yongjie Jiang Yicheng Liu Changwei Zhang Chunling Li Peiyong Qin Tianwei Tan National Energy R&D center for Biorefinery Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029PR China College of Life Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029PR China SDIC Advanced Biomass Fuel(Hailun)Co. LTDHeilongjiang 152300PR China

Biobutanol is an advanced biofuel that can be produced from excess lignocellulose via acetone-butanol-ethanol(ABE)*** significant technological progress has been made in this field,attempts at largescale lignocellulosic ABE production remain *** this study,1m^(3)scale ABE fermentation was investigated using high inhibitor tolerance Clostridium acetobutylicum ABE-P1201 and steam-exploded corn stover hydrolysate(SECSH).Before expanding the fermentation scale,the detoxification process for SECSH was simplified by process *** revealed that appropriate pH management during the fed-batch cultivation could largely decrease the inhibition of the toxic components in undetoxified SECSH to the solventogenesis phase of the ABE-P1201 strains,avoiding“acid crash”.Therefore,after naturalizing the pH by Ca(OH)_(2),the undetoxified SECSH,without removal of the solid components,reached 17.68±1.30 g/L of ABE production with 0.34±0.01 g/g of yield in 1 L scale *** on this strategy,the fermentation scale gradually expanded from laboratory-scale apparatus to pilot-scale ***,17.05±1.20 g/L of ABE titer and 0.32±0.01 g/g of ABE yield were realized in 1m3 bioreactor,corresponding to approximately 145 kg of ABE production from 1 t of dry corn *** pilot-scale ABE fermentation demonstrated excellent stability during repeated *** study provided a simplified ABE fermentation strategy and verified the feasibility of the pilot process,providing tremendous significance and a solid foundation for the future industrialization of second-generation ABE plants.

关键词： Corn stover ABE fermentation Pilot scale Steam explosion PH control