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Population Dynamics and Survival of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 in Field Soil Under Rice-Wheat Rotation

Agricultural Sciences in China 2004年第6期3卷 448-455页

作者： LIShi-dong soilbornediseaseslaboratory BiologicalControlInstituteChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciencesBeijing100081P.R.China

A field under rice-wheat rotation was selected near Chengdu, China, to study thepopulation of Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group 1 (AG-1), pathogen causing ricesheath blight disease, in natural soil ecosystem. Inocula of the fungus recovered fromthe field were divided into three types, i.e., sclerotia, free mycelium retained in thesoil passed through a 0.355mm sieve, and colonized plant debris which was subdividedinto small colonized debris retained between 2.00 and 0.355mm sieves and large colonizeddebris retained on 2.00mm sieve after wet screening. Quantitative estimation of thethree types of inocula in one year indicated that small colonized debris was the dominantinoculum type for most of the time. The population peaked in March and September at 1210and 480 colonized debris 100g-1 air-dry soil respectively, and fell down in December andAugust to 0 and 177 colonized debris 100g-1 air-dry soil respectively. Free mycelium wasonly detectable in March, September and October with 1209, 7.9 and 14.5g fresh wtmyceliumg-1 air-dry soil respectively, which corresponded to the two peaks and the secondhighest level of small debris density in the year. Viable sclerotia and large colonizeddebris were rare with populations ranging from 0 to 3 for sclerotia and 0 to 14 for largecolonized debris 100g-1 air-dry soil, but were the main structures to survive overwinter. It was expected that soil temperature was the main factor determining populationdynamics of *** AG-1 in natural soil. Optimum temperature for population increasingis predicted to be around 15℃, with a range from 10 to 25℃. Viability tests indicatedthat 60.9% sclerotia could survive after 265d being buried in natural sandy loam in fieldconditions in Beijing, while colonized rice straw debris (0.5-1.0cm long) could notyield the fungus on medium plates after 88d of being buried under the same conditions.

关键词： Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 Sclerotia Free mycelium Colonized debris Quantitative assay Survival

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