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Hydrological Processes and Climate Change in Hydrographic Regions of Brazil

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Journal of Water resource and Protection 2016年第12期8卷 1103-1127页

作者： Alfredo Ribeiro Neto Adriano Rolim da Paz José Antonio Marengo Sin Chan Chou Civil and environmental Engineering Department Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil Civil and environmental Engineering Department Federal University of Paraíba Joao Pessoa Brazil National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters S&#227o José dos Campos Brazil Center for Weather Forecasts and Climate Studies National Institute for Space Research Cachoeira Paulista Brazil

The objective of this work is to assess the impacts of IPCC AR5 climate change scenarios on water resources and hydrological processes across the entire Brazilian territory. Hydrological simulations are carried out in total drainage area of about 11,535,645 km2 and average stream flow of about 272,460 m3/s. The study area consists of different climates and land covers such as the Amazon Forest, Northeast Semiarid, Brazilian Savannah, Pantanal wetlands and temperate climate in the South. The atmospheric forcing to drive the large-scale hydrological model MGB-IPH is derived from the downscaling of two global climate models, HadGEM2-ES and MIROC5, by the Eta Regional Climate Model, at 20 km resolution. The Eta model provided the downscaling of the baseline (1961-1990) and three time-slices (2011-2040, 2041-2070 and 2071-2099). These projections adopted two emission scenarios, the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. The change in the average and extremes of precipitation, evapotranspiration, rates of river discharge and soil moisture were assessed. The simulations showed the response of the hydrographic regions due to change of precipitation and potential evapotranspiration in the scenarios. Water availability decreases in almost the entire study area (exception for the South) and the major basins for hydroelectric power generation are affected. The Northwest, Amazon and a small area along the Northeast Atlantic coast exhibited intensification of the extremes discharges, where the anomaly is positive for high-flow (Q10) and negative for low-flow (Q95). The results highlight the most climatic sensitive regions in Brazil in terms of hydrological variables and water resources.

关键词： Hydrological Modelling IPCC Scenarios Climate Change Impacts

Denitrification in a soil under Wheat Crop in the Humid Pampas of Argentina

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Open Journal of soil Science 2014年第9期4卷 312-322页

作者： Liliana Inés Picone Cecilia Videla Calypso Lisa Picaud Fernando Oscar García Roberto Héctor Rizzalli Facultad Ciencias Agrarias Unidad Integrada Balcarce Instituto Nacional Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) UNMdP Balcarce Argentina AgroParisTech Institut des sciences et industries du vivant et de l’environnement 16 rue Claude Bernard Paris France International Plant Nutrition institute (IPNI) Programa Cono Sur de Latinoamérica Buenos Aires Argentina

The need to accurately estimate gaseous nitrogen losses from soils is required to have a better understanding of the processes involved as well as soil and environmental conditions, and management practices contributing to these emissions. The objective was to quantify the denitrification rate using undisturbed cores with acetylene, as related to nitrogen (N) fertilization rate in a spring wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.) under conventional tillage. soil denitrification losses remained low throughout most of the growing season, when water-filled pore space (WFPS) was below 60%, ranging from 0.79 to 447.3 g N2O-N ha-1•day-1 in the fertilized plot and was less than 47.3 g N2O-N ha-1•day-1 in the control. Denitrification rates were the highest when N fertilizer was applied after frequent and intensive rain. A good correlation was found between the logarithm of the daily denitrification rate and WFPS (r = 0.67, n = 90);however the NO3-N concentration was not a good indicator (r = 0.21, n = 90). Cumulative N2O-N losses by denitrification averaged 3.5 and 0.9 kg N2O-N ha-1 in the fertilized and unfertilized treatment, respectively, during a period of 4 months this difference was not significant. Most N2O-N losses occurred early in the spring;therefore sampling schedules need to focus on this period.

关键词： Nitrogen Urea-N Losses Water Content Soluble Organic Carbon

Effect of mini-greenhouse on the transportation of heavy metals

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2006年第B8期25卷 212-212页

作者： Feili LI Congqiang LIU Yuangen YANG Xiangyang BI Jie LIU State Key Laboratory of environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China

Degradation of potassium-bearing minerals by thermophilic Aspergillus fumigatus and its optimal conditions

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2006年第B8期25卷 175-175页

作者： Bin LIAN Bin WANG Congqiang LIU State Key Laboratory of environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China

Application of Biochemical Fulvic Acid Potassium in Transplantation of Trees

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2020年第2期11卷 16-19页

作者： Yang Qunhui He Xiang Bi Yunqing Yang Peiwen Zhang Qing Yang Mingying Shi Zhufeng Peng Rongzhen Wang Jiayin institute of Agricultural environmental resources Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming 650205China College of Plant Protection Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China institute of Agriculture Economy and Information Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming 650205China

[Objective]The paper was to clarify the application of biochemical fulvic acid potassium on the survival rate and growth of various trees transplanted in the process of landscaping.[Method]Two experimental treatments(*** organic fertilizer+biochemical fulvic acid potassium water soluble fertilizer,decomposed organic fertilizer+compound fertilizer)were designed to determine the changes in physical and chemical properties before and after soil treatment,and the survival rate,plant height and ground diameter of four different cultivated plants within one year,and the effects of applying biochemical fulvic acid potassium on cultivated plants were investigated.[Result]The soil organic matter,total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,soil available phosphorus,soil available potassium and p H value in the soil treated with decomposed organic fertilizer+biochemical fulvic acid potassium soluble fertilizer,and decomposed organic fertilizer+compound fertilizer increased significantly,and the soil bulk density decreased *** survival rates,plant heights and ground diameters of four different cultivated plants were significantly improved after application of decomposed organic fertilizer+biochemical fulvic acid potassium water soluble fertilizer,and decomposed organic fer-tilizer+compound fertilizer(Psoil fertility,increased the utilization of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,improved the growth of plants,and promoted the growth of landscaping plants after transplantation.

关键词： Biochemical fulvic acid potassium Transplantation Physical and chemical properties Application

间隙灌溉和控释肥施用对稻田土壤产甲烷微生物的影响

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土壤 2017年第6期49卷 1132-1139页

作者：纪洋于海洋 CONRAD Ralf 徐华南京信息工程大学应用气象学院南京210044 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 南京210008 Max Planck institute for Terrestrial Microbiology Marburg 35043

间隙灌溉和控释肥施用影响稻田CH_4的产生和排放,然而其微生物机理尚不清楚。本研究通过采集稻季田间原位试验新鲜土样,采用核酸定量技术(qPCR)和末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)技术,研究间隙灌溉和控释肥施用对稻田土壤产甲烷微生... 详细信息

间隙灌溉和控释肥施用影响稻田CH_4的产生和排放,然而其微生物机理尚不清楚。本研究通过采集稻季田间原位试验新鲜土样,采用核酸定量技术(qPCR)和末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)技术,研究间隙灌溉和控释肥施用对稻田土壤产甲烷微生物群落丰度和结构的影响。结果表明,稻季CH_4排放量与古菌、产甲烷菌(mcr A基因)和甲烷氧化菌(pmo A基因)数量均呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),而与细菌数量无显著相关性。间隙灌溉显著影响产甲烷菌和甲烷氧化菌数量的季节变化,其中烤田抑制产甲烷菌生长,而对甲烷氧化菌数量没有显著影响。与尿素相比,施用控释肥增加了稻田土壤细菌、古菌和产甲烷菌数量,降低了甲烷氧化菌数量。土壤古菌群落的优势T-RFs片段为184bp和391bp,其中184bp片段的相对丰度随着间隙灌溉的进行由45%~55%降低到23%~30%;而391bp片段则相反,其相对丰度由12%~18%增加到23%~26%。典型相关性分析(CCA)表明间隙灌溉显著影响土壤古菌群落结构(P<0.001),而控释肥施用对土壤古菌群落结构没有明显影响。

关键词：间隙灌溉控释肥 CH4排放产甲烷微生物稻田

Effect of Different Cultivation Practices on soil Physical and Chemical Properties for Greenhouse Vegetables under Long-Term Continuous Cropping

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Asian Agricultural Research 2018年第9期10卷 74-81页

作者： Lijuan GAO Guoyuan ZOU Lianfeng DU Shunjiang LI Jing LIU Hongkai DUAN institute of Plant Nutrition and resources Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences College of Agriculture Shanxi Agricultural University

Five kinds of greenhouse vegetables( eggplant,loofah,tomato,cucumber and pepper) were selected in summer uprooting stage from greenhouse in Shouguang area,Shandong Province. Total nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,organic matter content and p H,EC value of three soil layers were measured,respectively. The results showed that the total nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil were mainly accumulated in the upper soil,which made the soil acidification trend,because different farmers adopted different cultivation practices for different greenhouse vegetables in Shouguang region,but there was no significant effect on soil EC value. The input of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen and other related fertilizers to greenhouse cucumber was higher than that of other greenhouse vegetables,but the amount of available potassium fertilizer and organic matter input to greenhouse tomato under different cultivation practices was lower than other greenhouse vegetables. In Shouguang area,the input of organic matter into greenhouse vegetables should be increased by increasing the proportion of manure input to increase the content of soil organic carbon,so as to achieve the balance of carbon and nitrogen ratio,and to provide a scientific basis for the establishment of an evaluation system for the environmental benefits brought about by chemical fertilizer reduction in greenhouse vegetables in Shouguang area.

关键词：茄子有机肥肥料种植业

Design of Machine Learning Based Smart Irrigation System for Precision Agriculture

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 109-124页

作者： Khalil Ibrahim Mohammad Abuzanouneh Fahd N.Al-Wesabi Amani Abdulrahman Albraikan Mesfer Al Duhayyim M.Al-Shabi Anwer Mustafa Hilal Manar Ahmed Hamza Abu Sarwar Zamani K.Muthulakshmi Department of Information Technology College of ComputerQassim UniversityAl-Bukairiyah52571Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityMuhayel Aseer62529Saudi Arabia&Faculty of Computer and ITSana’a UniversitySana’a61101Yemen Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11564Saudi Arabia Department of Natural and Applied Sciences College of Community-AflajPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj16278Saudi Arabia Department of Management Information System College of Business and AdministrativeTaibah UniversityMedina42353Saudi Arabia Department of Computer and Self Development Preparatory Year DeanshipPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj16278Saudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Dr.N.G.P Institute of TechnologyCoimbatore641048India

Agriculture 4.0,as the future of farming technology,comprises numerous key enabling technologies towards sustainable *** use of state-of-the-art technologies,such as the Internet of Things,transform traditional cultivation practices,like irrigation,to modern solutions of precision *** achieve effectivewater resource usage and automated irrigation in precision agriculture,recent technologies like machine learning(ML)can be *** this motivation,this paper design an IoT andML enabled smart irrigation system(IoTML-SIS)for precision *** proposed IoTML-SIS technique allows to sense the parameters of the farmland and make appropriate decisions for *** proposed IoTML-SIS model involves different IoT based sensors for soil moisture,humidity,temperature sensor,and ***,the sensed data are transmitted to the cloud server for processing and decision ***,artificial algae algorithm(AAA)with least squares-support vector machine(LS-SVM)model is employed for the classification process to determine the need for ***,the AAA is applied to optimally tune the parameters involved in the LS-SVM model,and thereby the classification efficiency is significantly *** performance validation of the proposed IoTML-SIS technique ensured better performance over the compared methods with the maximum accuracy of 0.975.

关键词： Automatic irrigation precision agriculture smart farming machine learning cloud computing decision making internet of things

Study on the Land Reclamation of Oilfield of Gurbantunggut Desert in Junggar Basin

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Asian Agricultural Research 2013年第5期5卷 69-71页

作者： Liang LI Xuezhong ZHENG Xusheng SHAO Caichuan WANG Min Xu PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Development Company PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company Beijing Geo.&Inv.Engineering institute

The exploration and development of oilfield results in damages to land resources. Along with the further development of petroleum in the Gurbantunggut Desert, the fragile ecological environment and land resource was suffering much more damage. Vegetation degradation and desertification become more prominent. In response to the damage to the fragile ecological environment and oilfield in the Gurbantunggut Desert, limit condition method was used to evaluate the suitability of land reclamation suitability. Results suggested that the main restraining factors for land reclamation were soil condition and water resources. Based on the effect and shortage of oilfield in the Gurbantunggut Desert Oilfield, the reclamation of oilfield in the Gurbantunggut desert was discussed.

关键词： Gurbantunggut desert Oilfield Land reclamation