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Experimental investigation on rockburst characteristics of highly stressed D-shape tunnel subjected to impact load

Underground Space 2024年第6期19卷 153-168页

作者： Wuxing Wu Fengqiang Gong Zongxian Zhang School of Civil engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China State Key laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China Oulu Mining School University of OuluOulu 90570Finland

Rockburst has always been a challenge for the safe construction of deep underground *** study investigated the rockburst characteristics in highly-stressed D-shape tunnels under impact loads from rock blasting and other mining-related dynamics *** biaxial Hopkinson pressure bar was utilized to apply varying biaxial prestress and the same impact loads to cube specimens with D-shape ***-speed camera and digital image correlation(DIC)were used to capture the failure process and strain field of *** test results demonstrate that the D-shape hole specimen experience rockburst under coupled static stress and impact *** this circumstance,the rockburst mechanism of the D-shaped hole specimens involves spalling in sidewall induced by impact load,indicating dynamic tensile *** high static prestress provides the initial stress field,while the impact load disrupts the stress equilibrium,result in the stress or strain concentration in the sidewall of the D-shape hole,inducing ***,the rockburst process can be divided into(1)calm stage,(2)crack initiation,propagation,and coalesce stage,(3)spalling stage and(4)rock fragments ejection *** load triggers rockburst occurrence,while vertical stress further determines the rockburst *** influence range and magnitude of strain concentration zone and displacement deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock increases with increasing vertical stress,thus inducing more severe rockburst.

关键词： Rockburst Spalling D-shape tunnel Impact load Biaxial prestresses Biaxial Hopkinson pressure bar

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A novel indirect optical method for rock stress measurement using microdeformation field analysis

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第9期16卷 3616-3628页

作者： Yujie Feng Peng-Zhi Pan Zhaofeng Wang Xufeng Liu Shuting Miao State Key laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Stress measurement plays a crucial role in geomechanics and rock engineering,especially for the design and construction of large-scale rock *** paper presents a novel method,based on the traditional stress relief approach,for indirectly measuring rock stress using optical *** proposed method allows for the acquisition of full-field strain evolution on the borehole’s inner wall before and after disturbance,facilitating the determination of three-dimensional(3D)stress information at multiple points within a single *** study focuses on presenting the method’s theoretical framework,laboratory validation results,and equipment design *** theoretical framework comprises three key components:the optical imaging method of the borehole wall,the digital image correlation(DIC)method,and the stress calculation *** validation tests investigate strain field distribution on the borehole wall under varying stress conditions,with stress results derived from DIC strain ***,the optical method demonstrates better measurement accuracy during the unloading stage compared to conventional strain gauge *** relatively high stress levels,the optical method demonstrates a relative error of less than 7%and an absolute error within 0.5 ***,a comparative analysis between the optical method and the conventional contact resistance strain gauge method highlights the optical method’s enhanced accuracy and stability,particularly during the unloading *** proposed optical stress measurement device represents a pioneering effort in the application of DIC technology to rock engineering,highlighting its potential to advance stress measurement techniques in the field.

关键词： Rock stress measurement Optical technology Digital image correlation(DIC)technology Micro-deformation field

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A novel relationship between elastic modulus and void ratio associated with principal stress for coral calcareous sand

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第3期16卷 1033-1048页

作者： Ran Gao Jianhong Ye State Key laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Elastic moduli,*** modulus G and bulk modulus K,are important parameters of geotechnical materials,which are not only the indices for the evaluation of the deformation ability of soils but also the important basic parameters for the development of the constitutive models of geotechnical *** this study,a series of triaxial loading-unloading-reloading shear tests and isotropic loading-unloadingreloading tests are conducted to study several typical mechanical properties of coral calcareous sand(CCS),and the void ratio evolution during loading,unloading and *** test results show that the stress-strain curves during multiple unloading processes are almost parallel,and their slopes are much greater than the deformation modulus at the initial stage of *** relationship between the confining pressure and the volumetric strain can be defined approximately by a hyperbolic equation under the condition of monotonic loading of confining *** the condition of confining pressure unloading,the evolution of void ratio is linear in the e-lnp0 plane,and these lines are a series of almost parallel lines if there are multiple processes of *** on the experimental results,it is found that the modified Hardin formulae for the elastic modulus estimation have a significant deviation from the tested values for *** on the experimental results,it is proposed that the elastic modulus of soils should be determined by the intersection line of two spatial surfaces in the G/K-e-p’/pa space(pa:atmosphere pressure).“Ye formulation”is further proposed for the estimation of the elastic modulus of *** new estimation formulation for soil elastic modulus would provide a new method to accurately describe the mechanical behavior of granular soils.

关键词： Coral calcareous sand(CCS) Elastic shear modulus Elastic bulk modulus Triaxial test Estimation formulation Ye formulation

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Estimating shear strength of high-level pillars supported with cemented backfilling using the HoekeBrown strength criterion

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第2期16卷 454-469页

作者： Kaizong Xia Congxin Chen Xiumin Liu Yue Wang Xuanting Liu Jiahao Yuan State Key laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Deep metal mines are often mined using the high-level pillars with subsequent cementation backfilling(HLSCB)mining *** the design stage,it is therefore important to have a reasonable method for determining the shear strength of the high-level pillars(*** and internal friction angle)when they are supported by cemented *** this study,a formula was derived for the upper limit of the confining pressure σ3max on a high-level pillar supported by cemented backfilling in a deep metal mine.A new method of estimating the shear strength of such pillars was then proposed based on the Hoek eBrown failure *** analysis indicates that the horizontal stress σhh acting on the cemented backfill pillar can be simplified by expressing it as a constant value.A reasonable and effective value for σ3max can then be *** value of s3max predicted using the proposed method is generally less than 3 *** this range,the shear strength of the high-level pillar is accurately calculated using the equivalent MohreCoulomb *** proposed method can effectively avoid the calculation of inaccurate shear strength values for the high-level pillars when the original HoekeBrown criterion is used in the presence of large confining pressures,*** situation in which the cohesion value is too large and the friction angle is too small can effectively be *** proposed method is applied to a deep metal mine in China that is being excavated using the HLSCB *** shear strength parameters of the high-level pillars obtained using the proposed method were input in the numerical *** numerical results show that the recommended level heights and sizes of the high-level pillars and rooms in the mine are rational.

关键词： Deep metal mines High-level pillars HoekeBrown strength criterion Cemented backfilling Confining pressure Shear strength

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A review of in situ carbon mineralization in basalt

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第4期16卷 1467-1485页

作者： Xiaomin Cao Qi Li Liang Xu Yongsheng Tan State Key laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Global warming has greatly threatened the human living environment and carbon capture and storage(CCS)technology is recognized as a promising way to reduce carbon *** storage is considered a reliable option for long-term carbon *** rich in alkaline earth elements facilitates rapid and permanent CO_(2) fixation as ***,the complex CO_(2)-fluid-basalt interaction poses challenges for assessing carbon storage *** different reaction conditions,the carbonation products and carbonation rates *** mineralization reactions also induce petrophysical and mechanical responses,which have potential risks for the long-term injectivity and the carbon storage safety in basalt *** this paper,recent advances in carbon mineralization storage in basalt based on laboratory research are comprehensively *** assessment methods for carbon storage potential are introduced and the carbon trapping mechanisms are investigated with the identification of the controlling *** in pore structure,permeability and mechanical properties in both static reactions and reactive percolation experiments are also *** study could provide insight into challenges as well as perspectives for future research.

关键词： Carbon mineralization Basalt CO_(2)-fluid-basalt interaction Petrophysical evolution Mechanical response Carbon capture and storage(CCS)

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Effect of intermittent joint distribution on the mechanical and acoustic behavior of rock masses

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第4期16卷 1231-1244页

作者： Shuaiyang Fu Haibo Li Liwang Liu Di Wu Ben Wang State Key laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

The mechanical characteristics and acoustic behavior of rock masses are greatly influenced by stochastic *** this study,numerical models of rock masses incorporating intermittent joints with different numbers and dip angles were produced using the finite element method(FEM)with the intrinsic cohesive zone model(ICZM).Then,the uniaxial compressive and wave propagation simulations were *** results indicate that the joint number and dip angle can affect the mechanical and acoustic properties of the *** uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)and wave velocity of rock masses decrease monotonically as the joint number ***,the wave velocity grows monotonically as the joint dip angle *** the joint dip angle is 45°–60°,the UCS of the rock mass is lower than that of other dip *** wave velocity parallel to the joints is greater than that perpendicular to the *** the dip angle of joints remains unchanged,the UCS and wave velocity are positively *** the joint dip angle increases,the variation amplitude of the UCS regarding the wave velocity *** reveal the effect of the joint distribution on the velocity,a theoretical model was also *** to the theoretical wave velocity,the change in wave velocity of models with various joint numbers and dip angles was consistent with the simulation ***,a theoretical indicator(*** tensor)was adopted to analyze the variation of the wave velocity and UCS.

关键词： Stochastic joints Intrinsic cohesive zone model Uniaxial compressive strength(UCS) Wave propagation Fabric tensor

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Swelling pressure evolution characterization of strong expansive soil considering the influence of reserved expansion deformation

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 252-270页

作者： LI Tianguo KONG Lingwei GUO Aiguo YAN Junbiao State Key laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Numerous engineering cases have demonstrated that the expansive soil channel slope remains susceptible to damage with the implementation of a rigid or closed protective structure. It is common for the protective structure to experience bulging failure due to excessive swelling pressure. To investigate the swelling pressure properties of expansive soil, the constant volume test was employed to study the influence of water content and reserved expansion deformation on the characteristics of swelling pressure in strong expansive soils, and also to explore the evolution mechanism of the swelling pressure. The findings demonstrate that the swelling pressure-time curve can be classified into swelling pressure-time softening and swelling pressure-time stability type. The swelling pressuretime curve of the specimen with low water content is the swelling pressure-time softening type, and the softening level will be weakened with increasing reserved expansion deformation. Besides, the maximum swelling pressure Psmax decreases with increasing water content and reserved expansion deformation, especially for expansion ratio η from 24% to 37%. The reserved deformation has little effect on reducing Psmax when it is beyond 7% of the expansion rate. The specimen with low water content has a more homogeneous structure due to the significant expansion-filling effect, and the fracture and reorganization of the aggregates in the specimens with low water content cause the swelling pressure-time softening behavior. In addition, the proposed swelling pressure-time curve prediction model has a good prediction on the test results. If necessary, a deformation space of about 7% expansion rate is recommended to be reserved in the engineering to reduce the swelling pressure except for keeping a stable water content.

关键词： Expansive soil Swelling pressure Reserved expansion deformation Water content

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Biophotoelectrochemistry for the treatment of emerging contaminants

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3051-3066页

作者： HU Jing CHEN Man GU WenZhi DENG WenEr HONG MingQiu HU AnDong YE Jie ZHOU ShunGui Fujian Provincial Key laboratory of soil Environmental Health and Regulation College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry University

Emerging contaminants(ECs) of significant concern are widely distributed throughout the environment due to various industrial practices and human activities. Given the alarming ecological threats and potential risks that ECs pose to human health and aquatic life, even at trace concentrations, it is imperative to develop innovative technologies to effectively address these challenges. The biophotoelectrochemistry(BPEC) system, which integrates microbial cells with photosensitizers for solar-tochemical conversion, holds great potential as an efficient strategy for the removal of ECs. In this review, we provide new insights into the BPEC system for the ECs treatment by systematically summarizing the classification, sources, and environmental occurrence of ECs. Additionally, we explore the research progress and degradation mechanisms in ECs removal with ***, the current challenges and future perspectives for the applications of the BPEC system in the ECs treatment are *** review aims to promote the development of BPEC technology for ECs treatment, offering a promising prospect for environmental remediation, circular economy, and clean-energy production.

关键词： emerging contaminants biophotoelectrochemistry photocatalysis biodegradation

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Thermal stability of permafrost under U-shaped crushed rock embankment of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 158-169页

作者： Kun-Ming XU Guan-Li JIANG Ji CHEN Qing-Bai WU State Key laboratory of Frozen soil engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beiluhe Observation Station of Frozen soil Environment and engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China

The U-shaped crushed rock embankment(UCRE),of which widely utilized in the permafrost regions along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway,has the capability to rapidly reduce the ground temperature of the underlying ***,there remains uncertainty regarding the adaptation of UCRE to climate change and its long-term cooling *** study focuses on nine UCRE monitoring sites along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway to analyze the dynamic variations of the ground temperature underlying permafrost from 2006 to *** efficiency of UCRE in stabilizing permafrost temperature in different permafrost zones is evaluated by considering the permafrost table,ground temperature,and MAGT,as well as the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the crushed rock layer and the ground temperature variation index(GTVI).The results show that UCRE is suitable for application in extremely unstable warm permafrost regions where the MAGT is higher than-0.5℃.Moreover,UCRE effectively diminishes the disparity in permafrost thermal stability between the sunny and shaded shoulders of the *** short-term and long-term effect of cooling permafrost is experiencing a change related with permafrost ***,in stable cold permafrost regions with MAGT lower than-1.5℃,the long-term cooling effect of UCRE on permafrost seems to gradually di-minishes,but UCRE continues to fulfill the role of stabilizing the underlying permafrost thermal state over the *** results show that UCRE can quickly restore and stabilize the thermal state of permafrost in the early stages of construction,and adapt to the influence of future climate *** findings provide important guidance for understanding the variations of permafrost thermal stability beneath the embankment in permafrost regions,as well as for improving the embankment stability and operational safety of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibet Railway U-shaped crushed rock embankment Climate change Permafrost zone Ground temperature variation index Long-term coolingrole

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A universal polymer-assisted route to fabricate Zr-doped TiO2 nanocomposite: boosting reactive desulfurization

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Tungsten 2024年第3期6卷 596-609页

作者： Yue Du Ping Li Zhi-Yi Zhong Wen-Xue Chen Yi-Si Liu Yun-Long Xie Li-Na Zhou Kai Wang Hubei Key laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices College of Material Science and Engineering Hubei Normal University National laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Nanjing University College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Huangshi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution Hubei Normal University School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University

A series of transition metal ion-doped TiO2composites were prepared by polyethyleneimine-assisted solvent-free *** to the similar electronegativity and ionic radius of Ti and Zr ions,the introduction of Zr element to TiO2can effectively improve its surface acidity and introduce more defect sites on the ***-fabricated Zr-doped TiO2nanocomposite exhibits the formation of Zr-Ti bond,strong surface acidity,connected mesoporous channels,and relatively high *** remarkable properties contribute to its adsorption-oxidation-desulfurization capacity toward thiophene-type sulfides,which can remove 500 ×10-6dibenzothiophene from the model fuel within 100 min at low reaction *** polymer-induced self-assembly method can reduce organic solvent usage,pollutant emissions,and energy consumption,which provides an efficient and practical way to prepare porous metal oxide-based catalysts in future.

关键词： Oxidative desulfurization Transition metal ion-doped TiO 2 nanocomposite Dibenzothiophene Solvent-free self-assembly method

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