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Commissioning and Optimization of a Total Skin Electron Therapy Technique Using a High Dose Rate Electron Facility

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and radiation oncology 2015年第3期4卷 197-207页

作者： Y. A. M. Yousif Casper A. Willemse Medical Physics department Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Free State Bloemfontein South Africa

Total skin electron therapy (TSET) is used for the treatment of Mycosis Fungoides. Several tech-niques have been developed, in order to achieve homogeneous dose distribution over the complete body surface. To implement a TSET technique, one has to optimize a variety of parameters. Monte Carlo simulation of TSET can facilitate this optimization. The aim of this study was to commission and optimize a TSET technique using the 4 and 6 MeV electron and the high dose rate facility on the Elekta Precise accelerator. The EGS4nrc/BEAMnrc Monte Carlo code was used. The beam data were calculated and measured at two different scoring planes for a single beam. The Model was validated by comparing the simulation with measurements. Two different vertical angles were used to obtain a uniform dose. The angle was optimized for best dose uniformity. The Rando phantom is placed on a rotating platform and rotates 60 degrees apart to facilitate the six patient position orientations. The doses delivered in a phantom by complete treatment were measured with Kodak EDR2 films and TLDs. The dose distribution varied among various scanning directions by 2 - 3 mm and 3 - 4 mm for 4 and 6 MeV respectively. The composite percentage depth dose of all six dual fields for the 4 and 6 MeV yielded an R80 of ~4 mm and ~6 mm, respectively. Dose uniformity was ±6% for 4 MeV and ±5% for 6 MeV. The bremsstrahlung contamination was 0.9% - 1.3%. Good agreements were found with published literature and inline with international protocols.

关键词： Total Skin Electron Therapy Mycosis Fungoides High Dose Rate Electron Monte Carlo Simulation

A comparative dosimetric study of adjuvant 3D conformal radiotherapy for operable stomach cancer versus AP-PA conventional radiotherapy in NCI-Cairo

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The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical oncology 2010年第7期9卷 401-405页

作者： Hesham El Hossiny Nashaat Diab Maha El Taher department of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine National Cancer InstituteCairo University

Objective： Of this study was to compare this multiple-field conformal technique to the AP-PA technique with re- spect to target volume coverage and dose to normal tissues. Methods： Seventeen patients with stages Ⅱ-Ⅲ denocarcinoma of the stomach were treated with adjuvant postoperative chemoradiotherapy presented to radiotherapy department in National Cancer Institute, Cairo in period between February 2009 to March 2010 using 3D conformal radiotherapy technique that consisted of a monoisocentric arrangement Employing 4-6 radiation fields. For each patient, a second radiotherapy treatment plan was generated utilizing AP-PA fields, the two techniques were then compared for target volume coverage and dose to normal tissues using dose volume histogram （DVH） analysis. Results： The planning target volume （PTV） was adequately covered in both （ 3D ＆ 2D ） plans, comparative DVHs for the right kidney, left kidney and spinal cord demonstrate lower radiation doses using the conformal technique especially for left kidney ＆ spinal cord, but the liver doses is higher but still well below liver tolerance. Conclusion： 3D conformal radiotherapy produced reduced radiation doses to the kidneys （especially left kidney ＆ spinal cord） compared to AP-PA techniques, with the potential to reduce treatment toxicity.

关键词： dosimetric study stomach cancer

Experimental study of gemcitabine combination with radiation in vitro on a highly metastatic human ovarian cancer cell line HO-8910PM

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The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical oncology 2010年第11期9卷 648-651页

作者： Linhui Gu Lijuan Qian Chihong Zhu Yutian Ling Hongwei Zhang, Xianglin Liu department of Cancer Research Zhejiang Cancer Hospital Hangzhou 310022 China

Objective： The aim of the study was to investigate the mechanism of gemcitabine （GEM） combination with radiation on the high metastasis human ovarian cancer cell line （HO-8910PM）. Methods： Human ovarian cancer cell line HO- 8910PM was treated with different concentrations of gemcitabine for 24 h, then the cells were counted. In the study of GEM combination with radiation, an efficiency of colony formation was observed; the cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry; the experiment of depend on the time and its radio sensitivity were observed by using mitotic index with the cells for each 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after experiment. Results： It suggested that the GEM had an inhibition effect on the human ovarian cancer cell line. The alive cell numbers were decreased by following a height of GEM concentration. When GEM in combina- tion with a radiation, the suppression was significantly increased than that of single GEM therapy. The efficiency of colony formation was significantly lower, under this condition the cell could be arrested at G0-G1 phase and could be decreased to enter into the S phase; the apoptosis percentage could be significantly increased; especially, under the 4 Gy and 6 Gy doses the cell apoptosis was more obvious. GEM combination with radiation had depended on the time to the cells; mitotic index of the calls in combination group was observed significantly lower than that of single GEM therapy or single radiation, and this showed that it had an effect of radiosensitivity. Conclusion： The GEM has a significant growth inhibition on the human ovarian cancer cells, GEM combination with radiation could induce HO-8910PM cell occurred arrested and apoptosis. It has depended on the time and has a radiosensitivity effect. The result shows that it is a better method to treat the human ovarian cancer by using radiotherapy combined with gemcitabine.

关键词： gemcitabine (GEM) radiation human ovarian cancer HO-8910PM cell line

The Effect of Treatment Position on Rectal and Bladder Dose-Volume Histograms for Prostate Radiotherapy Planned with 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and radiation oncology 2014年第2期3卷 88-97页

作者： Kotaro Terashima Katsumasa Nakamura Tomonari Sasaki Saiji Ohga Tadamasa Yoshitake Kazushige Atsumi Makoto Shinoto Kaori Asai Keiji Matsumoto Hidenari Hirata Yoshiyuki Shioyama Akihiro Nishie Hiroshi Honda department of Clinical Radiology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan department of Radiology Kyushu University Hospital at Beppu Beppu Japan Kyushu International Heavy Ion Beam Therapy Center Tosu Saga Japan

Purpose: To compare target coverage and organ at risk (OAR) sparing in the supine and prone positions with 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in low- and high-risk prostate radiotherapy cases. Materials and Methods: Using magnetic resonance images of five healthy volunteers, six treatment plans (supine 3DCRT, prone 3DCRT, supine IMRT, prone IMRT, supine VMAT and prone VMAT) were generated. Planning target volume 1 (PTV1) was defined as the prostate gland plus the seminal vesicles with adequate margins in a high-risk setting, while PTV2 was defined as prostate only with margins in a low-risk setting. The mean dose for both PTV1 and PTV2 was set at 78 Gy. Plans generated by each of the 3 techniques were compared between the supine and prone positions using dose-volume histograms (DVHs). Results: For PTV1, prone 3DCRT provided a significantly higher D98% than did supine 3DCRT, and its homogeneity index (HI) was significantly better. IMRT and VMAT values did not differ significantly between the prone and supine positions. For PTV2, no values differed significantly between the supine and prone positions under any treatment plan. With respect to OAR, the rectal D mean, D2%, V50, and V60 values of PTV1 were statistically higher in supine 3DCRT than in prone 3DCRT, while there were no significant differences in rectal values between the supine and prone positions with IMRT or VMAT. The rectal Dmean, V50, V60, V70, and V75 values of prone 3DCRT were significantly higher than those of supine IMRT or supine VMAT. There were no significant differences in any values for the rectum and bladder for PTV2. Conclusion: Although prone 3DCRT was found to be superior to supine 3DCRT in terms of rectal sparing in high-risk prostate cancer, IMRT and VMAT techniques could possibly cover this disadvantage.

关键词： Prostate Radiotherapy Dosimetric Comparison 3DCRT IMRT VMAT

Computed Tomography Protocol Optimisation for Pediatric Head Trauma: radiation Dose and Image Quality Assessment

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and radiation oncology 2022年第3期11卷 160-175页

作者： Evelyn Anaafi Mary Boadu Albertina Rusandu Mercy Afadzi Kwame Anokye Amoabeng department of Medical Physics Graduate School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences University of Ghana Legon Sweden-Ghana Medical Center Accra Ghana department of Circulation and Medical Imaging Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway department of Physics Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway National Centre for Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine Korlebu Teaching Hospital Accra Ghana

Purpose: Children are sometimes examined with Computed Tomography protocols designed for adults, leading to radiation doses higher than necessary. Lack of optimisation could lead to image quality higher than what is needed for diagnostic purposes with associated high doses to patients. Optimising the protocols for paediatric head trauma CT imaging will reduce radiation dose. Objective: The study aimed to optimise radiation dose and assess the image quality for a set of protocols by evaluating noise, a contrast to noise ratio, modulation transfer function and noise power spectrum. Methods: Somaton Sensation 64 was used to scan the head of an anthropomorphic phantom with a set of protocols. ImageJ software was used to analyse the paediatric head image from the scanner. IMPACTSCAN dosimeter software was used to evaluate the radiation dose to the various organs in the head. MATLAB was used to analyse the Modulation Transfer Function and the Noise Power. Results: The estimated Computed Tomography Dose Index volume (CTDIvol) increased with increasing tube current and tube voltage. The high pitch of 0.9 gave a lower dose than the 0.5 pitch. The eye lens received the highest radiation dose (39.2 mGy) whiles the thyroid received the least radiation dose (13.7 mGy). There was an increase in noise (62.46) when the H60 kernel was used and a lower noise (8.829) was noticed when the H30 kernel was used. Conclusion: The results obtained show that the H30 kernel (smooth kernel) gave higher values for noise and contrast to noise ratio (CNR) than the H60 kernel (sharp kernel). The H60 kernel produced high values for the modulation transfer function (MTF) and noise power spectrum (NPS). The eye lens received the highest radiation dose.

关键词： Image Quality radiation Dose Modulation Transfer Function Noise Power Spectrum Optimization

The effects of acetaminophen combined with radiation on the radiosensitivity of irradiated human glioma cell progeny

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The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical oncology 2009年第4期8卷 203-206页

作者： Li Li Chao Li Xiaoting Xu Zhiying Yu Songbing Qin Changshao Xu Juying Zhou department of Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China department of Radiology Suzhou Kowloon Hospital Medical School of Shanghai liaotong University Suzhou 215021 China

Objective： To study the effects of acetaminophen （ACE） combined with radiation on the progeny of the human glioma cell line SHG-44, and to investigate if ACE may be an useful therapeutic radiosensitivity agent in the treatment of recurrent human glioma. Methods： A randomized, controlled experiment, was performed at the department of Radiology Laboratory, the First Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, between September 2004 and January 2006. Brain glioma SHG-44 cells were divided into three groups： SHG-44, SHG-44-10, and SHG-44-10 ＋ ACE cells groups. The SHG-44-10 cells group was irradiated with dose of 10 Gy by a linear accelerator （6 MVX）. It was passaged for 15 generations and cultured in RPMI-1640 culture media. Then SHG-44-10 ＋ ACE cells group was treated with ACE. Measures： Community re-double time, mean lethal dose （DO）, extrapolation number （N）, fraction surviving fraction irradiated by 2 Gy dose （SF2）, quasi-threshold dose （Dq）, and cell cycle. Results： The SF2 of the SHG-44, SHG-44-10, and SHG-44-10 ＋ ACE cells groups were 70.8%, 80.6% and 45.2%, respectively, with significance （P = 0.040）. The SHG-44-10 and SHG-44-10 ＋ ACE cells groups were irradiated with 8 Gy. After 12 hours, the G2/M ratio of the SHG-44-10 and SHG-44-10 ＋ ACE cells groups were indicating significantly higher ratio compared to pre-irradiated groups （P 〈 0.01）. After 24 hours, the G2/M ratio of the SHG-44-10 cells group decreased rapidly, while the ratio of the SHG-44-10 ＋ ACE cells group still maintained in high level. Conclusion： In the present study, Subtoxic dose of ACE increased the radiosensitivity of the progeny of irradiated human glioma cell. ACE may be an useful radiosensitivity agent in the treatment of recrudescent human malignant glioma.

关键词： glioma cell line SHG44 irradiation acetaminophen (ACE) progenitor cell radiosensitivity cell cycle

The result of long term follow up in Malignant Meningiomas

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The result of long term follow up in Malignant Meningiomas

Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 9 protects cells against UV-B-provoked apoptosis via NF-κB/p65 activation in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

中国抗癌协会神经肿瘤专业委员会第八届学术会议

作者： Seung Hwan Lee Bong Jin Park Hyuk Jae Choi Seok Keun Choi Sung Bum Kim Tae Sung Kim Bong Arm Rhee Young Jin Lim department of Neurosurgery School of MedicineKyung Hee University Hospital

＜正＞Objective:Malignant meningiomas are rare and have worse prognosis than benign meningiomas. Moreover,postoperative radiation therapy is widely accepted to be requisite for treatment *** analyzed the therapeutic e...

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oncology Research 2023年第1期31卷 71-82页

作者： ZHIXUN XIAO QIUYUN XU HAIQING WANG XIAOTONG ZHOU YANTING ZHU CHENGBEI BAO LIHONG CHEN PENG ZHANG MIN LIN CHAO JI TING GONG department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou350000China Cancer Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou350000China Central Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou350000China

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(cSCC),a type of non-melanoma skin cancer(NMSC),is the most common malignancy ***(TXN)domain-containing protein 9(TXNDC9)is a member of the TXN family that is important in cell ***,the biological function of this protein in cancer,particularly cSCC,is still *** the present study,our experiments revealed the protective effects of TXNDC9 on UV-B-irritated cSCC *** initial findings showed that TXNDC9 is significantly upregulated in cSCC tissue and cells compared to normal skin tissue and ***-B radiation robustly induces the expression of TXNDC9,and UV-B-induced cSCC cell death is boosted by TXNDC9 ***,cSCC cells lacking TXNDC9 displayed attenuated activation of the NF-κB *** studies by inhibiting TXNDC9 confirmed this finding,as TXNDC9 deficiency attenuated UV-B radiation-induced translocation of NF-κB p65 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus of *** conclusion,our work demonstrates the biological roles of TXNDC9 in cSCC progression and may provide a novel therapeutic target to treat cSCC in the future.

关键词： TXNDC9 Ultra Violet-B(UV-B)radiation Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(cSCC) Apoptosis NF-κB pathway

Comparison of the ICRP 60 and ICRP 103 Recommendations on the Determination of the Effective Dose from Abdominopelvic Computed Tomography

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and radiation oncology 2015年第2期4卷 172-176页

作者： Rachel I. Obed Godwin Inalegwu Ogbole Samson Babatunde Majolagbe department of Physics University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria department of Radiology University College Hospital Ibadan Nigeria Prototype Engineering Development Institute Ilesha Nigeria National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure (NASENI) Abuja Nigeria

The effective dose takes into consideration the amount of absorbed dose received by tissues, individual organs and also organ’s radiosensitivity. This study concentrates on the Commission’s regulations of 1991 and 2007 tagged ICRP 60 and ICRP 103 respectively, and seeks to suggest the better guideline for determination of detriment to patient especially from abdominopelvic computed tomography. With mean totals of 375.0 mSv for the ICRP 60 and 341.3 mSv for the ICRP 103 obtained from abdominopelvic computed tomography involving 20 different patients, a T-test calculated value of 6.716 was obtained and compared with the value in the T-table at 95% confidence limit and 18 degrees of freedom to confirm whether there is a significant difference in both ICRP 60 and 103 recommendations in the determination of the effective dose. Finally, it is concluded that there is a significant difference in the ICRP 60 and ICRP 103 as fewer effective doses are obtained from the ICRP 103 recommendations and this difference verifies that the ICRP 103 is more suitable for the determination of the effective dose.

关键词： ICRP 60 ICRP 103 Effective Dose Abdominopelvic Computed Tomography