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Viral hepatitis E:Clinical manifestations,treatment,and prevention

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Mesenchymal stromal cells modulate unfolded protein response and preserve β-cell mass in type 1 diabetes

肝脏研究（英文） 2024年第1期8卷 11-21页

作者： Qiumin Luo Jia Chen Yeqiong Zhang Wenxiong Xu Ying Liu Chan Xie Liang Peng department of Infectious disease The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina Guangdong Key Laboratory of liver disease Research The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina

Hepatitis E is a globally distributed infection that varies in seroprevalence between developed and developing *** the less developed regions of Asia and Africa,a high seropositivity rate has been reported for hepatitis E virus(HEV)*** acute hepatitis E is often self-limited and has a favorable prognosis,some populations experience severe manifestations,which may progress to liver ***,some immunocompromised patients are at risk of developing chronic HEV infection and *** screening,reducing misdiagnosis,improving patient management,timely anti-viral therapy for severe and chronic cases,and vaccination of high-risk groups are important measures to reduce the morbidity of hepatitis *** review focused on the clinical presentation,management,and prevention of hepatitis E.

关键词： Hepatitis E Chronic hepatitis Screening Antiviral therapy Vaccination

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BIOCELL 2024年第7期48卷 1115-1126页

作者： SIYUAN LIU YUAN ZHAO YU YU DOU YE QIAN WANG ZHAOYAN WANG ZUO LUAN department of Pediatrics The Sixth Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100037China

Introduction:Transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)is a promising therapy for type 1 diabetes(T1D).However,whether the infused MSCs affect the endoplasmic reticulum stress or subsequent unfolded protein response inβcells remains ***:To investigate this,we induced early-onset T1D in non-obese diabetic mice using ***,T1D mice were randomly assigned to receive either MSCs or phosphate-buffered *** observed the in vivo homing of MSCs and assessed their effectiveness by analyzing blood glucose levels,body weight,histopathology,pancreatic protein expression,and serum levels of cytokines,proinsulin,and ***:Infused MSCs were found in the lungs,liver,spleen,and pancreas of T1D *** exhibited various effects,including reducing blood glucose levels,regulating immunity,inhibiting inﬂammation,increasingβ-cell areas,and reducing the expression of key proteins in the unfolded protein response *** serum proinsulin and C-peptide levels were signiﬁcantly higher in the MSCs treatment group than in the T1D model ***,there was no signiﬁcant difference in the biomarker ofβ-cell endoplasmic reticulum stress,the ratio of fasting serum proinsulin to C-peptide,between the two ***:Ourﬁndings reveal that MSCs infusion does not alleviate endoplasmic reticulum stress inβcells directly but modulates the unfolded protein response pathway to preserveβ-cell mass and function in T1D mice.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Mesenchymal stromal cells Endoplasmic reticulum stress Unfolded protein response Non-obese diabetic mice

Bariatric surgery and diabetes:Current challenges and perspectives

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第8期15卷 1692-1703页

作者： Yan-Fei He Xiao-Dong Hu Jun-Qiang Liu Hu-Ming Li Shuang-Feng Lu Health Management Center The Sixth Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100048China department of Endocrinology The Sixth Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100048China department of Thoracic Surgery The Sixth Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100048China department of Respiratory Medicine The Sixth Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100048China

Diabetes mellitus(DM)and obesity have become public issues of global *** surgery for the treatment of obesity combined with type 2 DM has been shown to be a safe and effective approach;however,there are limited studies that have systematically addressed the challenges of surgical treatment of obesity combined with *** this review,we summarize and answer the most pressing questions in the field of surgical treatment of obesity-associated DM.I believe that our insights will be of great help to clinicians in their daily practice.

关键词： Bariatric surgery Diabetes mellitus Obesity Metabolic surgery Challenge

Association of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Sarcopenia in liver Cirrhosis Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第7期12卷 613-624页

作者： Akitoshi Sano Jun Inoue Eiji Kakazu Masashi Ninomiya Mio Tsuruoka Kosuke Sato Masazumi Onuki Satoko Sawahashi Keishi Ouchi Atsushi Masamune Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan department of liver disease The Research Center for Hepatitis and ImmunologyNational Center for Global Health and MedicineIchikawaChibaJapan

Background and Aims:Sarcopenia is associated with the prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Given their diverse physiological activities,we hypothesized that plasma fatty acids might influence the progression of *** study aimed to clarify the association between fatty acids and sarcopenia in cirrhotic patients with ***:In this singlecenter retrospective study,we registered 516 cases and analyzed 414 cases of liver cirrhosis and *** skeletal muscle mass index was measured using a transverse computed tomography scan image at the third lumbar *** cutoff value for sarcopenia followed the criteria set by the Japan Society of *** acid concentrations were measured by gas ***:Fatty acid levels,particularly omega-3(n-3)polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA),were lower in patients with poor liver function(Child-Pugh grade B/C)and were negatively correlated with the albumin-bilirubin score(pliver cirrhosis and HCC.

关键词： liver cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma Sarcopenia Skeletal Muscle Fatty Acids Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Infection with Listeria monocytogenes meningoencephalitis:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第33期12卷 6629-6634页

作者： Da-Zhen Xu Quan-Hui Tan department of Nursing Shanghai Sixth People’s HospitalShanghai 200233China department of Infectious disease Shanghai Sixth People’s HospitalShanghai 200233China

BACKGROUND Listeria meningitis is an infectious disease of the central nervous system caused by Listeria *** bacterium is widely present in the natural environment and can be transmitted through channels such as food and *** usually show symptoms such as fever,headache,and neck *** severe cases,coma,convulsions,or even death may *** diagnostic methods,such as cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)culture and serological tests,have certain *** CSF culture is the“gold standard”for diagnosis,it is time-consuming and has a relatively low positivity *** detection may also result in false positive or false negative *** emergence of metagenomic sequencing(mNGS)technology has led to a significant break-through in diagnosing Listeria meningitis,allowing quick and accurate detection of various pathogens in *** SUMMARY Here,we present the case of a previously healthy 64-year-old woman diagnosed with Listeria meningitis using *** was successfully treated with intravenous ampicillin and meropenem,without any *** Listeria meningitis must be considered,especially in patients who fail to show improvement with first-line antibiotic *** significantly reduces the diagnosis time,supporting timely treatment of patients.

关键词： Listeria monocytogenes Meningitis Diagnosis Treatment Immune function Case report

Impact of Onset Time, Number, Type, and Sequence of Extrahepatic Organ Failure on Prognosis of Acute-on-chronic liver Failure

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第3期12卷 257-265页

作者： Shaotian Qiu Qian Zhang Jiaxuan Hu Lewei Wang Rui Chen Yingying Cao Fang Liu Zhenjun Yu Caiyan Zhao Liaoyun Zhang Wanhua Ren Shaojie Xin Yu Chen Zhongping Duan Tao Han The School of Medicine Nankai UniversityTianjinChina department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tianjin Union Medical Center Affiliated to Nankai UniversityTianjinChina department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tianjin Union Medical CenterTianjinChina Tianjin Medical University TianjinChina department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tianjin Union Medical Center of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina department of Infectious disease The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina department of Infection disease First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxiChina Infectious department of Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Shandong Provincial Hospital JinanShandongChina liver Failure Treatment and Research Center The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina liver disease Center(Difficult&Complicated liver diseases and Artificial liver Center) Beijing You’an Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Background and Aims:The impact of the characteristics of extrahepatic organ failure(EHOF)including the onset time,number,type,and sequence on the prognosis of acute-onchronic liver failure(ACLF)patients remains *** study aimed to identify the association between the characteristics of EHOF and the prognosis of ACLF ***:ACLF subjects enrolled at six hospitals in China were included in the *** risk of mortality based on the characteristics of EHOF was *** of study groups was compared by Kaplan–Meier analysis and log-rank ***:A total of 736 patients with ACLF were *** was observed in 402 patients(54.6%),of which 295(73.4%)developed single EHOF(SEHOF)and 107(26.6%)developed multiple EHOF(MEHOF).The most commonly observed EHOF was coagulation failure(47.0%),followed by renal(13.0%),brain(4.9%),respiratory(4.3%),and circulatory(2.3%)*** analysis found that MEHOF or SEHOF patients with brain failure had a worse ***,no significant outcome was found in the analysis of the effect of onset time and sequence of failed organs on *** were further divided into three risk subgroups by the EHOF ***–Meier analysis showed that risk stratification resulted in the differentiation of patients with different risks of mortality both in the training and validation ***:The mortality of ACLF patients was determined by the number and type,but not the onset time and sequence of *** stratification applicable to clinical practice was established.

关键词： Extrahepatic organ failure Acute-on-chronic liver failure Prognosis Brain failure

Diabetes remission and nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1390-1393页

作者： Wen-Jun Wu department of Endocrinology Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People’s HospitalShanghai 201500China

This editorial focuses on the relationship between nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease(NAFPD)and the development and remission of type 2 diabetes(T2D).NAFPD is characterized by intrapancreatic fatty deposition associated with obesity and not associated with alcohol abuse,viral infections,and other *** fat deposition in the pancreas is associated with the development of T2D,and the underlying mechanism is lipotoxicβ-cell ***,the results on the relationship between intrapancreatic fat deposition(IPFD)andβ-cell function are *** of the therapeutic approach,weight loss improves IPFD,glycemia,andβ-cell *** imaging is valuable for clinically monitoring and evaluating the management of T2D.

关键词： Diabetes remission Type 2 diabetes Pancreatic fat content βcell function Weight loss

Gastroesophageal reflux after per-oral endoscopic myotomy:Management literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第23期30卷 2947-2953页

作者： Ahmed Tawheed Ibrahim Halil Bahcecioglu Mehmet Yalniz Mohamed El-Kassas department of Endemic Medicine Faculty of MedicineHelwan UniversityCairo 11795Egypt department of Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineFirat UniversityElazig 23119Türkiye liver disease Research Center College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 7805Saudi Arabia

In this editorial,we respond to a review article by Nabi et al,in which the authors discussed gastroesophageal reflux(GER)following peroral endoscopic myotomy(POEM).POEM is presently the primary therapeutic option for achalasia,which is both safe and effective.A few adverse effects were documented after POEM,including *** diagnostic criteria were not clear enough because approximately 60%of patients have a long acid exposure time,while only 10%experience reflux *** predictors of high disease incidence have been identified,including old age,female sex,obesity,and a baseline lower esophageal sphincter pressure of less than 45 *** technical steps during the procedure,such as a lengthy or full-thickness myotomy,may further enhance the *** pump inhibitors are currently the first line of *** voices are increasingly advocating for the routine combining of POEM with an endoscopic fundoplication method,such as peroral endoscopic fundoplication or transoral incisionless ***,more research is necessary to determine the safety and effectiveness of these procedures in the long term for patients who have undergone them.

关键词： Achalasia Per-oral endoscopic myotomy Gastroesophageal reflux disease Transoral incisionless fundoplication Peroral endoscopic fundoplication

Dopamine Inhibits the Expression of Hepatitis B Virus Surface and e Antigens by Activating the JAK/STAT Pathway and Upregulating Interferon-stimulated Gene 15 Expression

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第5期12卷 443-456页

作者： Xiaoquan Liu Xiuqing Pang Zhiping Wan Jinhua Zhao Zhiliang Gao Hong Deng department of Infectious diseases Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina Guangdong Key Laboratory of liver disease Research Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou GuangdongChina Key Laboratory of Tropical disease Control(Sun Yat-sen University) Ministry of EducationGuangzhouGuangdongChina

Background and Aims:Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a major risk factor for cirrhosis and liver cancer,and its treatment continues to be *** previously demonstrated that a dopamine analog inhibited the packaging of pregenomic RNA into *** present study aimed to determine the effect of dopamine on the expressions of hepatitis B virus surface and e antigens(HBsAg and HBeAg,respectively)and to elucidate the underlying ***:We used dopamine-treated HBVinfected HepG2.2.15 and NTCP-G2 cells to monitor HBsAg and HBeAg expression *** analyzed interferon-stimulated gene 15(ISG15)expression in dopamine-treated *** knocked down ISG15 and then monitored HBsAg and HBeAg expression *** analyzed the expression of Janus kinase(JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT)pathway factors in dopamine-treated *** used dopamine hydrochloride-treated adeno-associated virus/HBV-infected mouse model to evaluate HBV DNA,HBsAg,and HBeAg *** virus was collected from HepAD38.7 cell culture ***:Dopamine inhibited HBsAg and HBeAg expression and upregulated ISG15 expression in HepG2.2.15 and HepG2-NTCP cell ***15 knockdown increased HBsAg and HBeAg expression in HepG2.2.15 ***-treated cells activated the JAK/STAT pathway,which upregulated ISG15 *** the adeno-associated virus-HBV murine infection model,dopamine downregulated HBsAg and HBeAg expression and activated the JAK-STAT/ISG15 ***:Dopamine inhibits the expression of HBsAg and HBeAg by activating the JAK/STAT pathway and upregulating ISG15 expression.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Dopamine JAK-STAT/ISG15 axis HBV surface antigen HBV e antigen HepG2.2.15 cell line Human NTCP-expressing HepG2 cell line HepAD38 cell line