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Elucidation of the last steps of photo-ammonification:analytical method development and mechanism elucidation

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 101-106页

作者： Yingjing Miao Hui Wang Chunpeng Yang Ruochun Zhang Hao Zhang Peizhe Sun School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China School of Earth System Science Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

The mechanisms underlying the photo-ammonification of nitrogenous organic compounds(NOCs)remain unclear,partly due to the analytical challenges of small NOC *** study introduced a simple methodology for accurately and simultaneously quantifying multiple small NOCs during ammonification *** developed method employed phenyl isothiocyanate as derivatization reagents,followed by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis to measure primary and secondary amines,amides,as well as NH4+over variable photo-ammonification *** our experimental setup,vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)irradiation serves as the controlled reaction environment to simulate harsh photo-ammonification *** NOCs,including pyridine,N,N-dimethylformamide,and acrylonitrile,were chosen due to their structural diversity and environmental relevance as model *** method was able to achieve excellent nitrogen mass balance,and revealed that the last steps of photo-ammonification involved oxidation of nitrogen-adjacent carbon to amide followed by the cleavage of N-C *** novel method may also help quantitative investigation of nitrogen transformations in different environmental contexts.

关键词： Ammonification NOCs Amines Nitrogen mass balance

Geochemical characteristics and exploration significance of ultra-deep Sinian oil and gas from Well Tashen 5,Tarim Basin,NW China

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Energy Geoscience

Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 24-36页

作者： Zicheng Cao Anlai Ma Qinqi Xu Quanyong Pan Kai Shang Fan Feng Yongli Liu Northwest Petroleum Oilfield company SINOPECUrumqi830011China Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute SINOPEC102260BeijingChina

The Well Tashen 5(TS5),drilled and completed at a vertical depth of 9017 m in the Tabei Uplift of the Tarim Basin,NW China,is the deepest well in *** has been producing both oil and gas from the Sinian at a depth of 8780e8840 m,also the deepest in Asia in terms of oil *** this paper,the geochemical characteristics of Sinian oil and gas from the well were investigated and compared with those of Cambrian oil and gas discovered in the same *** oil samples,with Pr/Ph ratio of 0.78 and a whole oil carbon isotopic value of31.6‰,have geochemical characteristics similar to those of Ordovician oils from the No.1 fault in the North Shuntuoguole area(also named Shunbei area)and the Middle Cambrian oil from wells Zhongshen 1(ZS1)and Zhongshen 5(ZS5)of Tazhong *** maturity of light hydrocarbons,diamondoids and aromatic fractions all suggest an approximate maturity of 1.5%e1.7%Ro for the ***(4-+3-)methyldiamantane concentration of the samples is 113.5 mg/g,indicating intense cracking with a cracking degree of about 80%,which is consistent with the high bottom hole temperature(179℃).The Sinian gas samples are dry with a dryness coefficient of *** gas is a mixture of kerogen-cracking gas and oil-cracking gas and has Ro values ranging between 1.5%and 1.7%,and methane carbon isotopic values of41.6‰.Based on the equivalent vitrinite reflectance(R_(eqv)=1.51%e1.61%)and the thermal evolution of source rocks from the Cambrian Yu'ertusi Formation of the same well,it is proposed that the Sinian oil and gas be mainly sourced from the Cambrian Yu'ertusi Formation during the Himalayan period but probably also be joined by hydrocarbon of higher maturity that migrated from other source rocks in deeper *** discovery of Sinian oil and gas from Well TS5 suggests that the ancient ultra-deep strata in the northern Tarim Basin have the potential for finding volatile oil or condensate reservoirs.

关键词： Ultra-deep Sinian oil and gas Oil-cracking Well Tashen 5 Tarim Basin

Characteristics and genetic mechanism of the Mesoproterozoic rift system,Ordos Basin,China

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Energy Geoscience

Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 141-152页

作者： Meng Li Xiangbin Yan Wei Zhang Yuanling Guo Chaoying Liu Lingling Fan Shuang Yang Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute SINOPECBeijing100083China Exploration and Development Research Institute SINOPEC North China CompanyZhengzhouHenan450006China

The Mesoproterozoic rifts are developed in the Ordos Basin located in the western margin of the North China *** on the latest 3D seismic data and previous research results,this study intends to discuss the zonal differential deformation characteristics and genetic mechanism of the Mesoproterozoic rifts in the Ordos ***-trending rifts are developed in the Mesoproterozoic in the south-central Ordos Basin,the main part of which are located near the western margin of the North China ***-trending rifts are developed in the north of the basin,while NW-NNW rifts in the Mesoproterozoic in Hangjinqi *** genetic mechanism of the Mesoproterozoic rifts is related to regional extensional stress field,plate boundary conditions and internal preexisting *** main extensional stress direction strikes NWW-SSE(120°)in the western margin of the North China Plate,based on the forward rift trend of the northern *** Hangjinqi area,the reactivation of the existing NWtrending Wulansu fault and NW-NW-trending Daolao fault,results in dextral shear stress *** boundary between the western margin of the North China Plate and its adjacent plates forms a nearly NS-trending preexisting basement tectonic belt,which intersects with the NWW-SSE(120°)extensional stress at an acute angle of 60°.Therefore,the western margin of the North China Plate is formed by oblique normal faults under oblique *** to the long time span of Columbia Supercontinent breakup(1.8e1.6 Ga),the oblique rift in the south-central Ordos Basin is formed under the continuous oblique extension at the western margin of the North China Plate.

关键词： Columbia Supercontinent Ordos Basin Rift system Mesoproterozoic Genetic mechanism

Gas-Water Production of a Continental Tight-Sandstone Gas Reservoir under Different Fracturing Conditions

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第6期20卷 1165-1180页

作者： Yan Liu Tianli Sun Bencheng Wang Yan Feng Southwest Oil and Gas company SINOPECChengdu610041China The Second Gas Production Plant of Southwest Branch SINOPECNanchong637455China

A numerical model of hydraulic fracture propagation is introduced for a representative reservoir(Yuanba continental tight sandstone gas reservoir in Northeast Sichuan).Different parameters are considered,i.e.,the interlayer stress difference,the fracturing discharge rate and the fracturing fluid *** results show that these factors affect the gas and water production by influencing the fracture *** interlayer stress difference can effectively control the fracture *** greater the stress difference,the smaller the dimensionless reconstruction volume of the reservoir,while the flowback rate and gas production are lower.A large displacement fracturing construction increases the fracture-forming efficiency and expands the fracture *** larger the displacement of fracturing construction,the larger the dimensionless reconstruction volume of the reservoir,and the higher the fracture-forming efficiency of fracturing fluid,the flowback rate,and the gas *** viscosity fracturing fluid is suitable for long fractures,while high viscosity fracturing fluid is suitable for wide *** an increase in the fracturing fluid viscosity,the dimensionless reconstruction volume and flowback rate of the reservoir display a non-monotonic behavior,however,their changes are relatively small.

关键词： Tight sandstone gas reservoir fracture propagation flowback rate gas production law water production law influencing factor

Simulation Study on the Migration Range of CO_(2) in the Offshore Saline Aquifer

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哈尔滨工程大学学报（英文版） 2024年第3期23卷 599-607页

作者： Jiayi Wu Zhichao Sheng Jiudi Li sinopec Shanghai Offshore Oil&Gas company Shanghai 200120China

The geological storage of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) is a crucial technology for mitigating climate change. Offshore deep saline aquifers have elicited increased attention due to their remarkable potential for storing CO_(2). During long-term storage, CO_(2) migration in a deep saline aquifer needs special attention to prevent it from reaching risk points and leading to security issues. In this paper, a mechanism model is established according to the geological characteristics of saline aquifers in an offshore sedimentary basin in China. The CO_(2) migration over 100 years is simulated considering geological changes such as permeability, dip angle, thickness, and salinity. The effects of injection conditions on the CO_(2) migration range are also investigated. Results reveal that the migration range of CO_(2) in the injection period exceeds 70%, even if the postinjection period's duration is five times longer than that of the injection period. As the values of the above geological parameters increase, the migration range of CO_(2) increases, and permeability has a particularly substantial influence. Moreover, the influences of injection rate and well type are considerable. At high injection rates, CO_(2) has a greater likelihood of displacing brine in a piston-like scheme. CO_(2) injected by long horizontal wells migrates farther compared with that injected by vertical wells. In general, the plane migration range is within 3 000 m, although variations in the reservoir and injection parameters of the studied offshore saline aquifers are considered. This paper can offer references for the site selection and injection well deployment of CO_(2) saline aquifer storage. According to the studied offshore aquifers, a distance of at least 3 000 m from potential leakage points, such as spill points, active faults, and old abandoned wells, must be maintained.

关键词： Offshore saline aquifer Carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) Geological storage Migration range Geological changes

Evaluation of the Oxidation Reactivity and Behavior of Exhaust Soot Particles from Diesel Engines with Different Emission Levels

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第2期26卷 72-80页

作者： Wang Yajun Lin Lei Xing Jianqiang LüXu Yang He Song Haiqing sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Engines Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

The aim of this study was to investigate the oxidation reactivity and behavior of exhaust particulate matter(PM)from diesel *** samples from two diesel engines(1K,CY4102)with different emission levels were collected by a thermophoretic system and a quartz *** oxidation reactivity,oxidation behaviors,and physicochemical properties of the PM samples were analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM),Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry(FTIR),and Raman *** results showed that there was a great difference in the oxidation reactivity of soot particles emitted by the two different diesel engines.A qualitative analysis of the factors influencing oxidation reactivity showed that the nanostructure,degree of graphitization,and relative concentration of aliphatic C—H functional groups were the most important factors,whereas no significant correlation was found between the primary particle size and activation energy of the diesel *** on the oxidation behavior analysis,the diesel soot particles exhibited both internal and surface oxidation modes during the oxidation *** oxidation was dominant during the initial stage,and as oxidation progressed,the mode gradually changed to internal *** oxidation mode of soot particles from the 1K engine was significantly higher than that of CY4102.

关键词： diesel engine soot particles oxidation reactivity oxidation behavior

The mechanisms of thermal solidification agent promoting steam diversion in heavy oil reservoirs

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1902-1914页

作者： Zhan-Xi Pang Qian-Hui Wang Qiang Meng Bo Wang Dong Liu State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China Liaohe Oilfield Institute CNPC ChinaPanjin124000LiaoningChina Henan Oilfield Institute Sinopec ChinaNanyang473400HenanChina tianjin Branch of China National Offshore Oil company(CNOOC)Ltd. Tianjin300452China

At high cycles of steam huff&puff,oil distribution in reservoirs becomes stronger heterogeneity due to steam *** solidification agent can be used to solve this *** solution is a lowviscosity liquid at normal temperature,but it can be solidified above 80℃.The plugging degree is up to 99%at 250℃.The sweep efficiency reaches 59.2%,which is 7.3%higher than pure steam *** addition,simultaneous injection of viscosity reducer and/or nitrogen foams can further enhance oil *** mechanism of this technology depends on its strong plugging ability,which changes the flowing pattern of steam to effectively mobilize remaining *** reducer and nitrogen foams further expand the sweep range and extends the effective ***,thermal solidification agent can plug steam channeling paths and adjust steam flowing direction to significantly enhance oil recovery at high cycles of steam huff&puff.

关键词： Heavy oil reservoir Steam huff&puff Steam channeling Steam diversion Plugging performance Mechanism analysis

Optimization of Hydrocracking Process for Enhanced BTX Production from Coal Tar-Derived Hydrorefined Products

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第1期26卷 139-151页

作者： Wu Hao Wei Hongyuan School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China

Hydroconversion of coal tar to produce aromatic hydrocarbons(BTX)represents a crucial strategy for the highvalue hierarchical utilization of *** study focused on the hydrocracking of hydrorefined products derived from coal tar to enhance the production of benzene,toluene,and xylene(BTX).Various reaction conditions,including reaction temperature,hydrogen pressure,space velocity,and hydrogen-to-oil volume ratio,were systematically explored to optimize BTX yields while also considering the process’s economic *** results indicate that increasing the reaction temperature from 360℃ to 390℃ significantly favors the production of BTX,with yields increasing from 21.42%to 41.14%.Similarly,an increase in hydrogen pressure from 4 MPa to 6 MPa boosts BTX production,with yields rising from 36.31%to 41.14%.Reducing the space velocity from 2 h^(-1) to 0.5 h^(-1) also favors the BTX production process,with yields increasing from 37.96%to 45.13%.Furthermore,raising the hydrogen-to-oil volume ratio from 750 to 1500 improves BTX yields from 41.61%to 45.44%.Through economic analysis,the optimal conditions for BTX production were identified as a reaction temperature of 390℃,hydrogen pressure of 5-6 MPa,space velocity of 1 h^(-1),and hydrogen-to-oil volume ratio of 1000,achieving a BTX yield of 43.73%.This investigation highlights the importance of a holistic evaluation of hydrocracking conditions to optimize BTX ***,the findings offer valuable insights for the design and operation of industrial hydrocracking processes aimed at efficiently converting coal tar-derived hydrorefined feedstock into BTX.

关键词： coal tar hydrocracking BTX process optimization economic assessment

An Experimental Analysis of Gas-Liquid Flow Breakdown in a T-Junction

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第6期20卷 1381-1392页

作者： Lihui Ma Zhuo Han Wei Li Guangfeng Qi Ran Cheng Yuanyuan Wang Xiangran Mi Xiaohan Zhang Yunfei Li Technical Inspection Center Sinopec Shengli Oilfield CompanyDongying257000China New Energy Development Center Sinopec Shengli Oilfield CompanyDongying257000China China National Oil and Gas Exploration and Development company Ltd.Beijing100034China

When a gas-liquid two-phase flow(GLTPF)enters a parallel separator through a T-junction,it generally splits *** phenomenon can seriously affect the operation efficiency and safety of the equipment located *** order to investigate these aspects and,more specifically,the so-called bias phenomenon(all gas and liquid flowing to one pipe,while the other pipe is a liquid column that fluctuates up and down),laboratory experiments were carried out by using a T-junction connected to two parallel vertical ***,a GLTPF prediction model based on the principle of minimum potential energy was *** research results indicate that this model can accurately predict the GLTPF state in parallel *** boundary of the slug flow and the churn flow in the opposite pipe can be ***,according to the results,the pressure drop curves of the two-phase flow in the parallel risers are basically the same when there is no bias phenomenon,but the pressure drop in the parallel riser displays a large deviation when there is a slug flow-churn *** when the parallel riser is in a state of asymmetric flow and one of the risers produces churn flow,the two-phase flow is prone to produce the bias phenomenon.

关键词： Two-phase flow T-junction split model entrance effect mechanism model improved model