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A Discussion on the Origin of Shale Reservoir Inter-Laminar Fractures in the Shahejie Formation of Paleogene, Dongying Depression

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Journal of Earth Science 2017年第6期28卷 1064-1077页

作者： Huimin Liu Shun Zhang Guoqi Song Shoupeng Zhang Xuefeng Hao Zhonghuai Xie Ningning Xu Peng Liu Working Stations for Postdoctors of shengli oilfield SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Shengli Oilfield SINOPEC

This paper was co.ducted on the shale reservoir in the Dongying depression in the Shahejie Formation of Paleogene. Based on detailed co.e description, rock thin sections, argon ion polishing, scanning electron microsco.y（SEM） analysis, CT scanning and carbon-oxygen isotopic test, the formation mechanism of the inter-laminar fractures（or seams） and their development co.ditions were discussed by co.prehensive analysis of the diagenetic evolution features and the reservoir space evolution characteristics. The results show that the laminated co.posite pattern in Dongying depression was dominated by vertical distribution of laminated calcite and clay minerals. co.trasted to the traditional understanding, development degree of inter-laminar fractures was much lower. Pure fluid between layers cannot exist without framework minerals, and the pre-existing well co.nected pore or horizontal overpressure micro seam was favorable paths of fluid migration. From the points of inter-laminar fractures origin mechanism and its evolution, the so called seams, were much more co.plex than traditional understanding that hydrocarbon generation raised the pore pressure and led to the parallel microfractures. But the inter-laminar fractures had little relationship with that whether the lamination was developed or bedding boundary was clear or not. In fact, the shale reservoir inter-laminar fractures were not rigorous fracture. They were co.trolled by pre-existing inter-granular pore（or seam） or dissolved pore, which distributed along carbonate laminae boundary and were co.nected by later super pressure, dissolution and the seepage force. And the development co.ditions were burial depth（bigger than 3 000 m） and the Ro value（〉0.6%）. Discussion on its origin and evolution has important petroleum geological significance on optimizing reservoir segment and favorable target areas selection.

关键词： shale reservoir lamination inter-laminar fractures diagenesis Dongying depression Paleogene

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Division of Matrix- and Fracture-Type Shale Oils in the Jiyang Depression and Their Differences

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第6期89卷 1963-1972页

作者： NING Fangxing WANG Xuejun HAO Xuefeng ZHU Deyan ZHU Deshun Geoscience Institute Shengli Oilfield CompanySINOPEC

This study discussed the division of matrix- and fracture-type shale oils in the Jiyang Depression, and proposed the co.cept of fracture development co.fficient. The fracture development co.fficient is defined as the ratio of fault throw to the distance between a shale oil well and the nearest fault. Based on co.2 co.tent, state of water, oil production and logging response of shale oil formations, the classification of shale oils was established, i.e., a fracture-type shale oil well has a fracture development co.fficient greater than 0.2, while a matrix-type one has a fracture development co.fficient less than 0.2. Furthermore, the key co.trol factors of matrix- and fracture-type shale oil enrichment were analyzed using typical anatomical and statistical methods. For matrix-type shale oil enrichment, these factors are lithofacies, total organic carbon（TOC）, shale porosity and abnormal pressure; for fracture-type shale oil enrichment, they are lithofacies, extent of fracture development, and abnormal pressure. This study also first described the differences between matrix- and fracture-type shale oils. The results provide reference for the exploration of terrestrial faulted basins in eastern China.

关键词： shale oil matrix-type fracture-type main co.trol factor enrichment difference JiyangDepression

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Mechanism of diagenetic trap formation in nearshore subaqueous fans on steep rift lacustrine basin slopes—A case study from the Shahejie Formation on the north slope of the Minfeng Subsag, Bohai Basin, China

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Petroleum Science 2014年第4期11卷 481-494页

作者： Wang Yanzhong Cao Yingchang Ma Benben Liu Huimin Gao Yongjin Chen Lin School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum Geological Science Research Institute of shengli oilfield SINOPEC Western New Prospect Research Center of shengli oilfield SINOPEC

Diagenetic traps in co.glomerate in nearshore subaqueous fans in the steep slope zones of rift basins have been important exploration targets for subtle reservoirs in eastern China. However, the mechanism of how those traps were formed is not clear, which inhibits further exploration for this type of reservoir. In order to solve the problem, we take as an example nearshore subaqueous fans in the upper part of the fourth member of the Shahejie Formation （Es4s） on the north slope of the Minfeng Subsag in the Dongying Sag. co.bining different research methods, such as co.e observation, thin section examination, scanning electron microsco.e （SEM） observation, fluid-inclusion analysis, carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of carbonate cements, and analysis of co.e properties, we studied the genetic mechanisms of diagenetic traps on the basis of diagenetic environment evolution and diagenetic evolution sequence in different sub/micro-facies. co.glomerate in Es4s in the north Minfeng Subsag experienced several periods of transition between alkaline and acidic environments as ＂alkaline-acidic-alkaline-acidic-weak alkaline＂. As a result, dissolution and cementation are also very co.plex, and the sequence is ＂early pyrite cementation / siderite cementation / gypsum cementation / calcite and dolomite cementation- feldspar dissolution / quartz overgrowth quartz dissolution / ferroan calcite cementation / ankerite cementation / lime-mud matrix recrystallization / feldspar overgrowth carbonate dissolution / feldspar dissolution / quartz overgrowth / pyrite cementation＂. The difference in sedimentary characteristics between different sub/micro-facies of nearshore subaqueous fans co.trols diagenetic characteristics. Inner fan co.glomerates mainly experienced co.paction and lime-mud matrix recrystallization, with weak dissolution, which led to a reduction in the porosity and permeability crucial to reservoir formation. Lime-mud matrix recrystallization results in a rapid decrease in p

关键词： Nearshore subaqueous fan diagenetic trap genetic mechanism Dongying Sag rift basin,lacustrine basin

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Analysis of petrophysical cutoffs of reservoir intervals with production capacity and with accumulation capacity in clastic reservoirs

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Petroleum Science 2014年第2期11卷 211-219页

作者： Wang Yanzhong Cao Yingchang Song Guoqi Song Ling Yang Tian Zhang Shaomin School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum Geological Science Research Institute Shengli Oilfield SINOPEC Western New Prospect Research Center of shengli oilfield SINOPEC

Methodologies have been developed for calculating cutoffs of reservoir intervals with production capacity （RIPC） and reservoir intervals with accumulation capacity （RIAC） acco.ding to the types of pore throat structures and dynamic force by using data from petrophysical analysis, production tests and mercury injection. The data are from clastic reservoirs in the third member （Es3） and the fourth member （Es4） of the Shahejie Formation in the Shengtuo area on the North Slope of the Dongying Sag, Jiyang Depression, China. The method of calculating cutoffs of RIPC is summarized as follows： 1） determination of permeability cutoffs of RIPC; 2） classification of types of pore-throat structures acco.ding to mercury injection data and then relating porosity to permeability and determining the relationship between porosity and permeability acco.ding to each type of pore-throat structure; and 3） calculating porosity cutoffs of RIPC using established co.relation between porosity and permeability acco.ding to the type of pore throat structure. The method of calculating cutoffs of RIAC includes： 1） establishing a functional relationship between oil-water interracial tension and formation temperature; 2） calculating limiting values of maximum co.nected pore-throat radii acco.ding to formation temperature and dynamic forces of each reservoir interval; 3） co.relating permeability with maximum co.nected pore-throat radius and then obtaining permeability cutoffs of RIAC; and 4） calculating porosity cutoffs on the basis of permeability cutoffs acco.ding to specific co.relations, suitable for the type of porethroat structure. The results of this study show that porosity and permeability cutoffs of clastic reservoirs decrease with depth. For a fixed permeability cutoff, the porosity cutoff of R1PC varies because the type of pore throat is different. At a fixed temperature, porosity and permeability cutoffs of RIAC decrease as dynamic force increases. For a fixed permeability cutoff of ef

关键词： Effective reservoir petrophysical cutoff of reservoir intervals with production capacity(RIPC) petrophysical cutoff of reservoir intervals with accumulation capacity (RIAC) clastic rocks

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Formation mechanism of carbonates in the lacustrine muddy shale and it implication for shale oil and gas: A case study of source rocks in Member 4 and Member 3 of Shahejie Formation, Dongying sag

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Petroleum Research 2018年第3期3卷 248-258页

作者： Yong Wang Huiming Liu Guoqi Song Xuefeng Hao Deshun Zhu Deyan Zhu Exploration and Development Institute Sinopec Shengli Oilfield CompanyShandong 257015China sinopec shengli oilfield co.pany Shandong 257001China

Through analysis of microsco.ic characteristics,mineral co.ponents,elements and isotopes,the genetic mechanism of carbonates in the deep lacustrine source rocks in the upper submember of Member 4 and lower submember of Member 3 of Shahejie Formation in Dongying sag,is well *** results show that four types of carbonates in the deep lake,i.e.,lenticular co.rse crystalline carbonate,lamellar micro-fine crystalline carbonate,lamellar cryptocrystalline carbonate and massive cryptocrystalline *** which,the lenticular co.rse crystalline carbonate is formed by diagenetic *** the lamellar micro-fine crystalline carbonate and the lamellar cryptocrystalline carbonate,through the alga photosynthesis,the carbon dioxide(co.(2))is co.stantly extracted from water,thus the co.centration of co.(3)^(-2) ion in water increases,and then the co.(3)^(-2) ion reacts with Ca2+ ion in lake water surface to form the carbonates;the saline water environment is favorable for preservation of carbonate particles which mostly occur in lamellar micro-fine crystalline;in the brackish water environment,the water is deep,and the carbonate crystalline beneath the carbonate co.pensation depth surface is usually is dissolved,and most of lamellar cryptocrystalline are *** massive cryptocrystalline carbonate is formed by the sedimentary carbonate which transport from shallow water to deep water by gravity *** some extent,the carbonates co.trol reservoir property and co.pressibility of muddy shale in the upper submember of Member 4 and lower submember of Member 3 of Shahejie Formation in Dongying sag,and provide important information for reco.struction of sedimentary environment of the ancient lake.

关键词： Formation mechanism Lacustrine facies Carbonate Muddy shale Shahejie formation Dongying sag

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Simulation of Oil-Water Flow in Shale Oil Reservoirs Based on Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第4期18卷 1089-1097页

作者： Qin Qian Mingjing Lu Feng Wang Aishan Li Liaoyuan Zhang Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute of shengli oilfield SINOPECDongying257067China Postdoctoral Scientific Research Working Station of shengli oilfield SINOPECDongying257067China shengli oilfield SINOPECDongying257001China

A Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)method is employed to simulate the two-phase flow of oil and water in a *** is shown that,in co.parison to the classical finite difference approach,this method is more stable and effective at capturing the co.plex evolution of this category of two-phase *** influence of several smooth functions is explored and it is co.cluded that the Gaussian function is the best *** 200 days,the block water cutoff for the Gaussian function is 0.3,whereas the other functions have a block water cutoff of *** effect of various injection ratios on real reservoir production is *** 14 and 8 m^(3)/day is employed,the water breakthrough time is 130 and 170 days,respectively,and the block produces 9246 m^(3) and 6338 m^(3) of oil cumulatively over 400 days.

关键词： SPH oil-water two-phase flow smooth function flow simulation

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Simulation of Oil-Water Flow in a Shale Reservoir Using a Radial Basis Function

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第6期18卷 1795-1804页

作者： Zenglin Wang Liaoyuan Zhang Anhai Zhong Ran Ding Mingjing Lu shengli oilfield SinopecDongying257001China Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute of shengli oilfield SinopecDongying257067China Postdoctoral Scientific Research Working Station of shengli oilfield SinopecDongying257067China

Due to the difficulties associated with preprocessing activities and poor grid co.vergence when simulating shale reservoirs in the co.text of traditional grid methods,in this study an innovative two-phase oil-water seepage model is *** modes is based on the radial basis meshless approach and is used to determine the pressure and water saturation in a sample ***-dimensional examples demonstrate that,when co.pared to the finite difference method,the radial basis function method produces less errors and is more accurate in predicting daily oil *** radial basis function and finite difference methods provide errors of 5.78 percent and 7.5 percent,respectively,when estimating the daily oil production data for a sample well.A sensitivity analysis of the key parameters that affect the radial basis function’s co.putation outco.es is also presented.

关键词： Radial basis function reservoir numerical simulation meshless method oil-water two-phase flow

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Simulation of Gas-Water Two-Phase Flow in Tight Gas Reservoirs co.sidering the Gas Slip Effect

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2023年第5期19卷 1269-1281页

作者： Mingjing Lu Zenglin Wang Aishan Li Liaoyuan Zhang Bintao Zheng Zilin Zhang Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute of shengli oilfield SinopecDongying257067China Postdoctoral Scientific Research Working Station of shengli oilfield SinopecDongying257067China shengli oilfield SinopecDongying257067China

A mathematical model for the gas-water two-phase flow in tight gas reservoirs is *** model can acco.nt for the gas slip effect,stress sensitivity,and high-speed non-Darcy *** related equations are solved in the framework of a finite element *** results are validated against those obtained by using the co.mercial software CMG(co.puter Modeling Group software for advanced reco.ery process simulation).It is shown that the proposed method is *** can capture the fracture rejection characteristics of tight gas reservoirs better than the CMG.A sensitivity analysis of various co.trol factors(initial water saturation,reservoir parameters,and fracturing parameters)affecting the production in tight gas wells is co.ducted ***,a series of theoretical arguments are provided for a rational and effective development/exploitation of tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

关键词： Tight gas reservoir gas-water two-phase flow numerical simulation fractured horizontal well gas slip effect

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A new mathematical model for horizontal wells with variable density perforation co.pletion in bottom water reservoirs

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Petroleum Science 2017年第2期14卷 383-394页

作者： Dian-Fa Du Yan-Yan Wang Yan-Wu Zhao Pu-Sen Sui Xi Xia School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum sinopec Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute Sinopec shengli Production Plant Shengli Oilfield Branch CompanySinopec

Horizontal wells are co.monly used in bottom water reservoirs,which can increase co.tact area between wellbores and *** are many co.pletion methods used to co.trol cresting,among which variable density perforation is an effective *** is difficult to evaluate well productivity and to analyze inflow profiles of horizontal wells with quantities of unevenly distributed perforations,which are characterized by different *** this paper,fluid flow in each wellbore perforation,as well as the reservoir,was analyzed.A co.prehensive model,co.pling the fluid flow in the reservoir and the wellbore pressure drawdown,was developed based on potential functions and solved using the numerical discrete ***,a bottom water cresting model was established on the basis of the piston-like displacement ***,bottom water cresting parameters and factors influencing inflow profile were analyzed.A more systematic optimization method was proposed by introducing the co.cept of cumulative free-water production,which co.ld maintain a balance（or then a balance is achieved）between stabilizing oil production and co.trolling bottom water *** show that the inflow profile is affected by the perforation *** with denser perforation density at the toe end and thinner density at the heel end may obtain low production,but the water breakthrough time is *** cumulative free-water production as a parameter to evaluate perforation strategies is advisable in bottom water reservoirs.

关键词： Bottom water reservoirs Variable density perforation co.pletion Inflow profile Cresting model Cumulative free-water production

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Structure kinematics of a transtensional basin:An example from the Linnan Subsag, Bohai Bay basin,Eastern China

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第3期9卷 917-929页

作者： Dong-Xiao Feng Fu Ye School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Exploration and Development Research Institute of shengli oilfield co.pany SINOPEC Geophysics Research Institute of shengli oilfield co.pany SINOPEC

The Linnan subsag is a petroliferous, seco.dary tectonic unit of the Huimin sag that is located in the western part of the Jiyang depression in the Bohai Bay basin, eastern China. In this study, the authors calculated basin extensional rate and slipping displacement of boundary faults in the dip and strike directions, using seismic and drilling data. The evolution of the Linnan transtensional basin from the Eogene through the Quaternary is quantitatively described, and a dynamic model is established. The Linshan and Xiakou boundary faults of the Linnan subsag are used as a case study to describe a method to calculate the strike and dip slipping displacements of active faults under oblique extension. The results quantitatively illustrate the behavior of the Linnan subsag boundary faults over time. The Linnan subsag transtensional basin experienced four stages of evolution: weak extension during the Kongdian Formation, rapid extension and fault depression during the fourth member of the Shahejie Formation,intensive transtension and fault depression during the third member of the Shahejie Formation-Dongying Formation, and weakening fault depression during the Guantao Formation-Pingyuan *** results of this study provide further understanding of the processes of petroleum migration and accumulation in the region.

关键词： Transtensional basin Fault activity Quantitative calculation Basin evolution model Linnan subsag Bohai Bay basin

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