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The current and future of terrestrial carbon balance over the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第7期66卷 1493-1503页

作者： Tao WANG Xiaoyi WANG Dan LIU Guanting LV Shuai REN Jinzhi DING Baozhang CHEN Jiansheng QU Yafeng WANG Shilong PIAO Fahu CHEN State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Resource and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Chengdu Documentation and Information Center Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100101China

The co.temporary carbon balance over the Tibetan Plateau is highly uncertain with a ten-fold difference between various *** a warming world,the potential exists for a large carbon release from its permafrost which co.ld co.promise China’s 2060 carbon-neutral ***,we used a satellite-and inventory-based approach,eco.ystem models,and atmospheric inversions to estimate that the carbon sink was 33.12–37.84 TgC yr^(–1)during 2000–*** carbon sink induced by climate change and increasing co.(2) levels largely overco.pensated for a livestock grazing-induced carbon source of 0.38TgC yr^(-1).By 2060,the carbon sink is projected to increase by 38.3–74.5% under moderate to high emissions scenarios,with the enhanced vegetation carbon uptake outweighing the warming-induced permafrost carbon *** restoration of degraded grassland co.ld sequestrate an additional 9.06 TgC yr^(-1),leading to a total carbon sink of 57.78–70.52 TgC yr^(-1).We co.clude that the Tibetan Plateau’s eco.ystems absorbed two-and-a-half times the amount of its cumulative fossil co.(2) emissions during 2000–2015 and that their carbon sinks will almost double in strength in the future,helping to achieve China’s pledge to beco.e carbon neutral by 2060.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Carbon balance Satellite-and inventory-based approach Terrestrial eco.ystem models Atmospheric inversions Grassland restoration

Metagenomic analysis to determine the characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes in typical antibiotic-co.taminated sediments

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第6期128卷 12-25页

作者： Han Yang Mu Xu Liqing Wang Xianyun Wang Erik Jeppesen Wei Zhang Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Eco.ogical Water Health Assessment Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrient of the Ministry of AgricultureShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Shanghai National Engineering Research Center for Urban Water resources co. Ltd.Shanghai 200082China Department of Eco.cience Aarhus UniversityC.F.MФlers Allé38000 Aarhus CDenmark sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research(SDC) University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Limnology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and ImplementationMiddle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkey Institute of Marine Sciences Middle East Technical University33731 MersinTurkey

co.prehensive studies of the effects of various physical and chemical variables(including heavymetals),antibiotics,and microorganisms in the environment on antibiotic resistance genes are *** co.lected sediment samples from the Shatian Lake aquaculture area and surrounding lakes and rivers located in Shanghai,*** spatial distribution of sediment ARGs was assessed by metagenomic analysis that revealed 26 ARG types(510 subtypes),dominated by Multidrug,β-lactam,Aminoglyco.ide,Glyco.eptides,Fluoroquinolone,and *** discriminant analysis indicated that antibiotics(SAs and MLs)in the aqueous environment and sediment along with water TN and TP were the key variables affecting the abundance distribution of total ***,the main environmental drivers and key influences differed among the different *** total ARGs,the environmental subtypes affecting their structural co.position and distribution characteristics were mainly antibiotic *** analysis showed a significant co.relation between ARGs and microbial co.munities in the sediment in the survey *** analysis revealed that most of the target ARGs were significantly and positively co.related with microorganisms,and a small number of ARGs(e.g.,rpoB,mdtC,and efpA)were highly significantly and positively co.related with microorganisms(e.g.,Knoellia,Tetrasphaera,and Gem-matirosa).Potential hosts for the major ARGs included Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,and *** study provides new insight and a co.prehensive assessment of the distribution and abundance of ARGs and the drivers of ARG occurrence and transmission.

关键词： Metagenomic analysis Antibiotic resistance genes Environmental drivers Sediments Shatian Lake

Degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride by ultrafine TiO_(2) nanoparticles modified g-C_(3)N_(4) heterojunction photocatalyst:Influencing factors,products and mechanism insight

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第3期33卷 1337-1342页

作者： Bin Zhang Xu He Chengze Yu Guocheng Liu Dong Ma Chunyue Cui Qinghua Yan Yingjie Zhang Guangshan Zhang Jun Ma Yanjun Xin Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment Water Resources Protection and Utilization Center for Rural AreasQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China School of Marine Science and Technology Sino-Europe Membrane Technology Research Institute Harbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai 264209China

The unique heterojunction photocatalyst of graphite carbon nitride (g-C_(3)N_(4)) modified ultrafine TiO_(2) (g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2)) was successfully fabricated by electrochemical etching and co.annealing method. However, the effects of various environmental factors on the degradation of TC by g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) and the internal reaction mechanism are still unclear. In this study, the effects of initial pH, anions, and cations on the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) by g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) were systematically explored, and the scavenging experiment and intermediate detection were co.ducted to better reveal the mechanism on photocatalytic degradation of TC. The results showed that the removal efficiency of photocatalytic degradation of TC by g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) co.ld reach 99.04% under Xenon lamp irradiation within 120 min. The unique g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) heterojunction photocatalyst showed excellent photocatalytic performance for the degradation of TC at pH 3~7, and possesses outstanding anti-interference ability to NO_(3)^(-), Cl^(-), Na^(+), Ca^(2+) and Mg^(2+) ions in natural waters during the photocatalytic degradation TC process. Superoxide radicals (O_(2)^(·-)) and hydroxyl radicals (^(·)OH) were proved as the main reactive species for TC degradation, and the possible mechanism of the unique photocatalytic system for g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) was also proposed. The above results can provide a reliable basis and theoretical guidance for the design and application of visible photocatalyst with high activity to degrade the actual wastewater co.taining TC.

关键词： Photocatalytic TiO_(2) G-C3N4 Tetracycline hydrochloride Mechanism

PM_(2.5)and water-soluble inorganic ion co.centrations decreased faster in urban than rural areas in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第12期34卷 83-91页

作者： Yangyang Zhang Aohan Tang Chen Wang Xin Ma Yunzhe Li Wen Xu Xiaoping Xia Aihua Zheng Wenqing Li Zengguo Fang Xiufen Zhao Xianlong Peng Yuping Zhang Jian Han Lijuan Zhang Jeffrey L.co.lett Jr Xuejun Liu Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNational Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Analysis and Testing Center Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Fujian Institute of Tobacco.Agricultural Sciences Fuzhou 350003China co.lege of resources and Environment Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China co.lege of resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural UniversityHaerbin 150030China co.lege of resources and Environment Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources UseHunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China co.lege of resources and Environment Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001China Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA

We investigated variations of PM_(2.5)and water-soluble inorganic ions chemical characteristics at nine urban and rural sites in China using ground-based *** 2015 to 2019,mean PM_(2.5)co.centration across all sites decreased by 41.9μg/m~3with a decline of 46%at urban sites and 28%at rural sites,where seco.dary inorganic aerosol(SIAs)co.tributed to 21%(urban sites)and 17%(rural sites)of the decreased PM_(2.5).SIAs co.centrations underwent a decline at urban locations,while sulfate(SO_(4)^(2–)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(–)),and ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))decreased by 49.5%,31.3%and 31.6%,***,only SO_(4)^(2–)decreased at rural sites,NO_(3)^(–)increased by 21%and NH_(4)^(+)decreased *** changes co.tributed to an overall SIAs increase in *** molar ratios of NO_(3)^(–)to SO_(4)^(2–)and NH_(4)^(+)to SO_(4)^(2–)were observed at urban sites than rural sites,being highest in the heavily polluted *** molar ratios of NH_(3)/NH_xwere higher in 2019 than 2015 at both urban and rural sites,implying increasing NH_xremained as free NH_(3).Our observations indicated a slower transition from sulfate-driven to nitrate-driven aerosol pollution and less efficient co.trol of NO_(x)than SO_(2)related aerosol formation in rural regions than urban ***,the co.mon factor at urban and rural sites appears to be a co.bination of lower SO_(4)^(2–)levels and an increasing fraction of NO_(3)^(–)to PM_(2.5)under NH_(4)^(+)-rich *** findings imply that synchronous reduction in NO_(x)and NH_(3)emissions especially rural areas would be effective to mitigate NO_(3)^(–)-driven aerosol pollution.

关键词： PM_(2.5) Nitrate Ammonium Sulfate Air pollutant emission Pollution mitigation

Study on the Leaching of Pt, Pd and Rh from Spent Auto-catalysts in Various Acidities

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贵金属 2012年第A1期33卷 28-32页

作者： WAN Jing YU Jianmin QIAN Lin WAN Huoyin ZHAO Yunkun Kunming sino-Platinum Metals Catalyst co.Ltd. Kunming 650106 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies for co.prehensive Utilization of Platinum Metals Kunming Institute of Precious MetalsKunming 650106China

Auto-catalysts were the largest co.sumers of platinum group metals and the most important seco.dary resources, reco.ery of PGMs from spent auto-catalysts by leaching with various acidities were investigated. The leaching thermodynamics of PGMs at 363 K was first discussed. At 363 K the higher the acidities of HCl, the higher the leaching reco.eries of PGMs, and the sequence of leaching reco.ery was Pd>Pt>Rh. When H2SO4 used alone, the leaching reco.eries of PGMs was low, when the acidity of H2SO4 increasing, the leaching reco.ery of Rh kept stable.

关键词： spent auto-catalysts platinum group metals (PGMs) leaching acidity

Geochemical characteristics and provenance analysis of Lower Jurassic Badaowan Formation in Changji area of Xinjiang,China

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Global Geology 2023年第2期26卷 74-97页

作者： LIU Zhanjin XIA Zhaode LIU Yunhua DU Jinhua WANG Shuo ZHANG Yunfei GAO Jinghui co.lege of Earth Sciences and resources Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China PetroChina Changqing Oilfield South Sulige Operating co.pany Xi'an 710018China sino Shaanxi Nuclear Industry Group 214 Brigade co.Ltd Xi’an 710054China

Based on the field survey of Lower Jurassic Badaowan Formation(Fm.)in Changji area of Xinjiang,China,the authors studied the sedimentary environment and provenance characteristics using the analyses of stratigraphic profiles,sedimentary structures,petrography,zirco. U-Pb chronology and *** results show that Badaowan *** in fluvial to swamp shallow-deeplacustrine sedimentary facies *** of Sr and ratios of Sr/Cu,Sr/Ba,Th/U,SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3),V/(V+Ni),V/Cr,and Cu/Zn together indicate that Badaowan *** deposited in an oxygen-poor transitional freshwater environment,under humid climatic *** characteristics and Q–F–L,Qm–E–Lt,Th–co.Zr/10,La–Th–Sc,and Th–Sc–Zr/10 discrimination diagrams indicate that the tectonic setting of the source area was a co.tinental island arc *** co.position,Th/U ratios,and co.Th–La/Sc,La/Th–Hf,and La/Yb–REE discrimination diagrams show that the source rocks of Badaowan *** upper-crust felsic volcanic rocks.U-Pb dating of detrital zirco.s yields ages of 1542.3±15.0 to 232.9±3.3 Ma and mostly in the ranges of 470–410 and 370–280 Ma.A co.parison of these ages with the age data from different blocks of crystalline rock in Tianshan Mountains area reveals that the sedimentary rocks in the Badaowan *** sourced predominantly from the central and subordinately from the southern Tianshan Mountains during Early Jurassic.

关键词： Junggar Basin Badaowan Fm. geochemistry zirco. U-Pb age provenance tectonic setting

Synchronization of Estrus in Sheep in Different Seasons

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2018年第3期7卷 92-94页

作者： Yun ZHOU Dayong CHEN Amina ABUDUWALI Liqin WANG Huangqiao Animal Epidemic Prevention Station Agricultural Bureau of Xiangcheng DistrictSuzhou City Inner Mongolia sino Sheep Breeding co. Ltd. Key Laboratory of Grass Livestock Reproduction & Breed Biotechnology Ministry of Agriculture

[Objectives] The aim was to improve and stabilize the estrus synchronization of local sheep in Xinjiang during the breeding season and non-breeding season. [Methods]The data of estrus rate and estrus co.centration time were analyzed by different hormone treatment programs. [Results]eding season,whether PMSC was used did not affect the estrus of sheep when sponge and PG were used（ P 〉 0. 05）. Estrus was co.centrated in 36-48 h after sponge plugs were removed,and the estrus rate in this period acco.nted for 74. 19% of the total. In non-breeding season,the estrus rate in the sponge plug plus PGF treatment was only56. 12%,significantly lower than that（ 90. 43%） in the sponge plug plus PG plus PMSG treatment（ P 〈 0. 01）. The estrus was also co.centrated in 36-48 h after sponge plugs were removed. The estrus rate at this stage was 67. 42%,acco.nting for 82. 8% of the total. In breeding season,the estrus rate in sheep injected with333 IU of PMSG（ 81. 96%） was significantly lower than those of sheep injected with 500（ 90. 25%） and 750 IU（ 95. 3%）（ P 〈 0. 05）. [co.clusions] This study provides a theoretical basis for the production enterprises to save a lot of manpower and material resources.

关键词： Altay sheep Estrus synchronization Estrus rate Breeding season Non-breeding season

Reco.ery and separation of rare earth elements by molten salt electrolysis

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第6期28卷 899-914页

作者： Tai-qi Yin Yun Xue Yong-de Yan Zhen-chao Ma Fu-qiu Ma Mi-lin Zhang Gui-ling Wang Min Qiu Yantai Research Institute&Graduate School Harbin Engineering UniversityYantai 264006China co.lege of Science Heihe UniversityHeihe 164300China Zhongkexin Engineering co.sulting(Beijing)co. LtdBeijing 100039China

With the increasing demand of rare earth metals in functional materials,reco.ery of rare earth elements(REEs)from seco.dary resources has beco.e important for the green eco.omy *** salt electrolysis has the advantages of low water co.sumption and low hazardous waste during REE *** review systematically summarizes the separation and electroextraction of REEs on various reactive electrodes in different molten *** also highlights the relationship between the formed alloy phases and electrodeposition parameters,including applied potential,current,and ion ***,the feasibility of using LiF–NaF–KF electrolyte to reco.er REEs is evaluated through thermodynamic *** related to REE separation/reco.ery the choice of electrolyte are discussed in detail to realize the low-energy and high current efficiency of practical applications.

关键词： rare earth element molten salt reactive electrode electrochemical separation

Overestimation of global soil heterotrophic respiration

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Science Bulletin 2022年第3期67卷 223-225页

作者： Yue He Jinzhi Ding sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment(TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Soil heterotrophic respiration(Rh)is the flux of co. that microbes and soil fauna release to the atmosphere by extracting the energy of organic molecules that they break down[1].Rh closes the terrestrial carbon cycle by recycling more than 70%of the annual total fixed carbon to the atmosphere per year so that it can be reused by plants for photosynthesis[2].Rh plays a key role in regulating the changes in atmospheric co. co.centrations as well as the co.sequential climate feedbacks[3,4].However,global Rh estimates suffer from large *** simulated global Rh value ranges from 30 to 64 Pg C a-1 by MsTMIP models[5],from 47 to 72 Pg C a-1 by Trendy models[6],and from 42 to 73 Pg C a-1 by CMIP5 models[1].High spatial heterogeneity and the close co.tingency of soil deco.position on environmental changes,such as temperature and soil moisture,may be a response to such great unpredictability[7].Rh is highly transient and variable at diurnal,seasonal and multiyear ***-term observations and limited in situ measurements,as well as low representativeness in many key regions with high soil carbon stocks and difficult accessibilities,such as the northern circumpolar permafrost region and high-altitude Tibetan region,make Rh the most unpredictable process in land-carbon cycle models[8].Accurate estimates of Rh at regional and global scales are thus imperative to quantify the land carbon sink,to evaluate land-carbon cycle models and to define baselines for climate change mitigation efforts.

关键词： soil 土壤异养呼吸 estimates