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Impact of Osmotic Pressure on Seepage in Shale Oil Reservoirs

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第6期20卷 1365-1379页

作者： Lijun Mu Xiaojia Xue Jie Bai Xiaoyan Li Xueliang Han Oil and Gas technology Research institute PetroChina Changqing Oilfield CompanyXi’an710018China

Following large-scale volume fracturing in shale oil reservoirs,well shut-in measures are generally *** tests and field trials have underscored the efficacy of fracturing fluid imbibition during the shut-in phase in augmenting shale oil *** conventional reservoirs,shale oil reservoirs exhibit characteristics such as low porosity,low permeability,and rich content of organic matter and clay ***,the osmotic pressure effects occurring between high-salinity formation water and low-salinity fracturing fluids are *** current understanding of the mobilization patterns of crude oil in micro-pores during the imbibition process remains nebulous,and the mechanisms underpinning osmotic pressure effects are not fully *** study introduces a theoretical approach,by which a salt ion migration control equation is derived and a mathematical model for spontaneous imbibition in shale is introduced,which is able to account for both capillary and osmotic *** indicate that during the spontaneous imbibition of low-salinity fluids,osmotic effects facilitate the migration of external fluids into shale pores,thereby complementing capillary forces in displacing shale *** considering both capillary and osmotic pressures,the calculated imbibition depth increases by 12%compared to the case where only capillary forces are *** salinity difference between the reservoir and the fracturing fluids significantly influences the imbibition *** for the shutin phase reveal that the pressure between the matrix and fractures reaches a dynamic equilibrium after 28 days of *** the production phase,the maximum seepage distance in the target block is approximately 6.02 m.

关键词： Shale oil osmotic pressure numerical simulation effective seepage distance

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Non-volatile dynamically switchable color display via chalcogenide stepwise cavity resonators

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第1期7卷 16-27页

作者： Kuan Liu Zhenyuan Lin Bing Han Minghui Hong Tun Cao School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Pen-Tung Sah institute of Micro-Nano Science and technology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China institute of laser Engineering Faculty of Materials and ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

High-resolution multi-color printing relies upon pixelated optical nanostructures,which is crucial to promote color display by producing nonbleaching colors,yet requires simplicity in fabrication and dynamic *** trisulfide(Sb_(2)S_(3))is a newly rising chalcogenide material that possesses prompt and significant transition of its optical characteristics in the visible region between amorphous and crystalline phases,which holds the key to color-varying ***,we proposed a dynamically switchable color printing method using Sb_(2)S_(3)-based stepwise pixelated Fabry-Pérot(FP)cavities with various cavity *** device was fabricated by employing a direct laser patterning that is a less timeconsuming,more approachable,and low-cost *** switching the state of Sb_(2)S_(3) between amorphous and crystalline,the multi-color of stepwise pixelated FP cavities can be actively *** color variation is due to the profound change in the refractive index of Sb_(2)S_(3) over the visible spectrum during its phase ***,we directly fabricated sub-50 nm nano-grating on ultrathin Sb_(2)S_(3) laminate via microsphere 800-nm femtosecond laser irradiation in far *** minimum feature size can be further decreased down to~45 nm(λ/17)by varying the thickness of Sb_(2)S_(3) *** switchable Sb_(2)S_(3) photonic devices can take one step toward the next generation of inkless erasable papers or displays and enable information encryption,camouflaging surfaces,anticounterfeiting,***,our work explores the prospects of rapid and rewritable fabrication of periodic structures with nano-scale resolution and can serve as a guideline for further development of chalcogenide-based photonics components.

关键词： tunable color displays Fabry-Pérot cavity resonators color printing chalcogenide materials

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Recent progress in Prussian blue electrode for electrochromic devices

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第2期18卷 160-186页

作者： Yongting ZHANG Wanzhong LI Hui GONG Qianqian ZHANG Liang YAN Hao WANG Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of the Ministry of Education Faculty of Materials and ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China School of Instrument Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Beijing Aerospace Times laser Inertial technology company Beijing 100094China

Great progress has been made in the electrochromic(EC)technology with potential applications in various *** one of the most promising EC materials,Prussian blue(PB)has attracted great attention due to its excellent EC performance,such as low cost,easy synthesis,rich color states,chemical stability,suitable redox potential,and fast color-switching *** review summarizes the recent progress in PB electrodes and devices,including several typical preparation techniques of PB electrodes,as well as the recent key strategies for enhancing EC performance of PB ***,PB-based electrochromic devices(ECDs)have been widely used in various fields,such as smart windows,electrochromic energy storage devices(EESDs),wearable electronics,smart displays,military camouflage,and other *** opportunities and obstacles are suggested for advancing the development of PB-based *** comprehensive review is expected to offer valuable insights for the design and fabrication of sophisticated PBbased ECDs,enabling their practical integration into realworld applications.

关键词： Prussian blue electrochromism energy storage smart windows

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Thickening progression mechanism of silica fume-oil well cement composite system at high temperatures

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2793-2805页

作者： Hang Zhang Miao-Miao Hu Peng-Peng Li Guo-Qing Liu Qing-Lu Chang Jie Cao Ming Liu Wen-Hua Xu Xiu-Jian Xia Jin-Tang Guo School of Chemical Engineering and technology Tianjin University Zhejiang institute of Tianjin University Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations CNPC Engineering technology R&D company Limited

This work studied the thickening progression mechanism of the silica fume-oil well cement composite system at high temperatures(110-180.C) in order to provide a theoretical guidance for the rational application of silica fume in the cementing engineering. Results showed that silica fume seldom affected the thickening progression of oil well cement slurry at 110-120.C, but when temperature reached above130.C, it would aggravate the bulging degree of thickening curves and significantly extend the thickening time, meanwhile causing the abnormal “temperature-based thickening time reversal” and“dosage-based thickening time reversal” phenomena in the range of 130-160.C and 170-180.C respectively. At 130-160.C, the thickening time of oil well cement slurry was mainly associated with the generation rate of calcium hydroxide(CH) crystal. The introduced silica fume would be attracted to the cement minerals' surface that were hydrating to produce CH and agglomerate together to form an“adsorptive barrier” to hinder further hydration of the inner cement minerals. This “adsorptive barrier”effect strengthened with the rising temperature which extended the thickening time and caused the occurrence of the “temperature-based thickening time reversal” phenomenon. At 170-180.C, the pozzolanic activity of silica fume significantly enhanced and considerable amount of C-S-H was generated, thus the “temperature-based thickening time reversal” vanished and the “dosage-based thickening time reversal” was presented.

关键词： Silica fume Oil well cement Thickening time reversal Pozzolanic reaction Adsorptive barrier CH and C−S−H

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Damage characteristics of fused silica under low-temporal coherence light

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 77-83页

作者： Chong Shan Lingbao Kong Fujian Li Yong Cui Lailin Ji Quan Zheng Daxing Rao Ruijing He Xiaohui Zhao Yuanan Zhao Zhan Sui Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Shanghai institute of laser Plasma China Academy of Engineering PhysicsShanghaiChina Key Laboratory of High Power laser Materials Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina

The damage characteristics of fused silica were investigated under low-temporal coherence light(LTCL).It was found that the laser-induced damage threshold(LIDT)of fused silica for the LTCL was lower than that of the single longitudinal mode pulse laser,and for the LTCLs,the LIDTs decrease with the increasing of laser bandwidth,which is not consistent with the temporal spike *** is due to the nonlinear self-focusing effect and multi-pulse accumulation *** specific reasons were analyzed based on theoretical simulation and experimental *** research work is helpful and of great significance for the construction of high-power LTCL devices.

关键词： laser-induced damage threshold low-temporal coherence light nonlinear self-focusing effect temporal spike

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Study on the influence of side-blown airflow velocities on plasma and combustion wave generated from fused silica induced by combined pulse laser

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Plasma Science and technology 2024年第7期26卷 165-176页

作者：余昊蔡继兴毛洪涛王云鹏李忆李顺 Jilin Key Laboratory of Solid-State laser technology and Application School of PhysicsChangchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022People’s Republic of China Chongqing Research institute Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401135People’s Republic of China

This study examines the impact of variations in side-blowing airflow velocity on plasma generation,combustion wave propagation mechanisms,and surface damage in fused silica induced by a combined millisecond-nanosecond pulsed *** airflow rate and pulse delay are the main experimental *** evolution of plasma motion was recorded using ultrafast time-resolved optical *** experimental results demonstrate that the expansion velocities of the plasma and combustion wave are influenced differently by the sideblowing airflow at different airflow rates(0.2 Ma,0.4 Ma,and 0.6 Ma).As the flow rate of the sideblow air stream increases,the initial expansion velocities of the plasma and combustion wave gradually decrease,and the side-blow air stream increasingly suppresses the *** is important to note that the target vapor is always formed and ionized into plasma during the combined pulse laser ***,the side-blown airflow alone cannot completely clear the *** on the delay conditions,the pressure of the side-blowing airflow,the influence of inverse Bremsstrahlung radiation absorption and target surface absorption mechanisms can lead to a phenomenon known as the double combustion waves when using a nanosecond pulse *** simulation and experimental results are consistent,indicating the potential for further exploration of fused silica targets in the laser field.

关键词： different airflow speeds plasma combustion wave different pulse delay surface damage

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A continuous-wave Nd:YVO_(4)-KGW intracavity Raman laser with over 34% diode-to-Stokes optical efficiency

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 62-68页

作者： Quan Sheng Jingni Geng Tianchang Liu Shijie Fu Wei Shi Jianquan Yao institute of laser and Optoelectronics School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjinChina Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information technology(Ministry of Education) Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina

We demonstrate a continuous-wave(CW)Nd:YVO_(4)-potassium gadolinium tungstate(KGW)intracavity Raman laser with a diode-to-Stokes optical efficiency of 34.2%.By optimizing the cavity arrangement and reducing the cavity losses,8.47 W Stokes output at 1177 nm was obtained under an incident 878.6 nm diode pump power of 24.8 *** influence of cavity losses on the power and efficiency of the CW Raman laser,as well as the potential for further optimization,was investigated based on the numerical *** observation of thermally-induced output rollover was well explained by the calculation of the thermal lensing and cavity stability,indicating that the end-face curvature played an important role when the end-face of the crystal was highly reflective coated to make the cavity.A 10.9 W Stokes output under 40.9 W incident pump was also demonstrated with a cavity arrangement less sensitive to the end-face curvature,which is the highest output power of CW intracavity Raman lasers reported.

关键词： continuous wave intracavity Raman laser KGW crystal thermal lens

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Fracturing-flooding technology for low permeability reservoirs:A review

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Petroleum 2024年第2期10卷 202-215页

作者： Nianyin Li Shijie Zhu Yue Li Jingrui Zhao Bo Long Fei Chen Erzhen Wang Wentao Feng Yanan Hu Shubei Wang Chen Jiang State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University CNPC Southwest Oil and Gas Field company Exploration and Development Research institute CNPC Southwest Oil and Gas Field company Shale Gas Research institute Western Drilling Tuha Underground Operation company Changqing Downhole Technical Service company of Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co. Ltd.CNPC Petroleum technology Research institute Petrochina Changqing Oilfield Company

The development of low-permeability oil and gas resources presents a significant challenge to traditional development methods. To address the problem of “no injection and no production” in low-permeability reservoirs, a novel fracture-injection-production integration technology named fracturing-flooding has been proposed by oilfield sites. This technology combines the advantages of conventional fracturing,water flooding, and chemical flooding, resulting in improved reservoir physical properties, increased injection, replenished energy, and increased oil displacement efficiency. The technology is especially suitable for low-permeability reservoirs that suffer from lack of energy, and strong ***-flooding technology has shown significant results and broad development prospects in some oilfields in China. This paper analyzes the development status of fracturing-flooding technology from its development history, technical mechanism, technical characteristics, process flow, types of fracturing and oil displacement fluids, and field applications. Physical and numerical simulations of fracturingflooding technology are also summarized. The results suggest that fracturing-flooding technology is more effective than conventional fracturing, water flooding, and chemical flooding in stimulating lowpermeability tight reservoirs and improving oil recovery. Moreover, it has a high input-output ratio and can be utilized for future reservoir stimulation and transformation.

关键词： Fracturing-flooding Enhanced oil recovery Low permeability reservoirs Water flooding Injection Chemical flooding Fracturing

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High-power all-polarization-maintaining fiber femtosecond pulse laser at 780 nm and its engineering integration

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中国激光 2024年

作者：罗韬温俊鹏王文龙李梓晗朱喆杨家豪吴垠修昊范怡衡刘亚龙韦小明杨中民 Guangzhou Yangming laser technology Co. Ltd 3. Research Institute of Future Technology South China Normal University School of Physics and Optoelectronics State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Device Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques South China University of Technology

We present a high-power, high-stability all-polarization-maintaining (all-PM)fiber femtosecond pulse laser source at 780 nm with full engineering integration that comprises an all-PM fiber amplified chirped pulse laser at 1560 nm, a grating pair compressorandasecond-harmonicgeneration(Shg)***-PMfiber amplified chirped pulse laser at 1560 nm operates with a repetition rate of 111.5 MHz and an average power of 5.37 W, which is compressed with a pulse width of～204 *** 780-nm pulses are subsequently generated by Shg in a frequency-doubling *** achieve an average power of 2.22 W at 780 nm with a pulse width of 288 fs, an Shg efficiency of 52%, and a root-mean-square power fluctuation of 0.23%, which is *** integrated for practical application with reliable laser operation. We anticipate that this780-nmall-PMfiberfemtosecondpulselaserwithfullengineeringintegrationis promising for frontier applications, like two-photon imaging, nanofabrication, terahertz generation, etc.

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High-power compact continuous-wave Fe:ZnSe laser at 4 μm with >50% overall conversion efficiency

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第8期 92-97页

作者：沈炎龙万颖超朱峰柴童星汪由胜黄珂 State Key Laboratory of laser Interaction with Matter Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology

We report on a compact, high-efficiency mid-infrared continuous-wave(CW) Fe:ZnSe laser pumped by a 2.9 μm fiber laser under liquid nitrogen cooling. A maximum output power of 5.5 W and a slope efficiency of up to 66.3% with respect to the launched pump power were obtained. The overall optical-to-optical(OTO) conversion efficiency, calculated from the output of the 2.9 μm fiber laser to the 4 μm laser, was as high as ～54.5%. The OTO efficiency and the slope efficiency are, to the best of our knowledge, the highest ever reported in Fe:ZnSe lasers. A rate-equation-based numerical model of CW operation was established, and the simulation agreed well with the experiment, identifying the routes used in the experiment for such high efficiency.

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