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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-specific T-cell responses are induced in people living with human immunodeficiency virus after booster vaccination

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第22期137卷 2734-2744页

作者： Wang Xiuwen Li Yongzheng Jin Junyan Chai Xiaoran Ma Zhenglai Duan Junyi Zhang Guanghui Huang Tao Zhang Xin Zhang Tong Wu Hao Cao Yunlong Su Bin Beijing Key laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research Sino-French Joint Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases Beijing Youan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC) Peking University Beijing China Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Changping laboratory Beijing China

Background: T-cell-mediated immunity is crucial for the effective clearance of viral infection, but the T-cell-mediated immune responses that are induced by booster doses of inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) remain ***: Forty-five PLWH who had received antiretroviral therapy (ART) for more than two years and 29 healthy controls (HCs) at Beijing Youan Hospital were enrolled to assess the dynamic changes in T-cell responses between the day before the third vaccine dose (week 0) and 4 or 12 weeks (week 4 or week 12) after receiving the third dose of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot), and multiplex cytokines profiling were used to assess T-cell responses at the three timepoints in this ***: The results of the ELISpot and activation-induced marker (AIM) assays showed that SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses were increased in both PLWH and HCs after the third dose of the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and a similar magnitude of immune response was induced against the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant compared to the wild-type strain. In detail, spike-specific T-cell responses (measured by the ELISpot assay for interferon γ [IFN-γ] release) in both PLWH and HCs significantly increased in week 4, and the spike-specific T-cell responses in HCs were significantly stronger than those in PLWH 4 weeks after the third vaccination. In the AIM assay, spike-specific CD4+ T-cell responses peaked in both PLWH and HCs in week 12. Additionally, significantly higher spike-specific CD8+ T-cell responses were induced in PLWH than in HCs in week 12. In PLWH, the release of the cytokines interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and IL-22 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that were stimulated with spike peptides increased in week 12. In addition, the levels of IL-4 and IL-5 were higher in PLW

关键词： HIV People living with HIV SARS-CoV-2 vaccine T-cell responses Omicron variant

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Spring and autumn phenology across the Tibetan Plateau inferred from normalized difference vegetation index and solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence

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Big Earth Data 2021年第2期5卷 182-200页

作者： Fandong Meng Ling Huang Anping Chen Yao Zhang Shilong Piao sino-french Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina Department of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA Climate and Ecosystem Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA

Plant phenology is a key parameter for accurately modeling ecosystem *** by scarce ground observations and benefiting from the rapid growth of satellite-based Earth observations,satellite data have been widely used for broad-scale phenology *** used reflectance vegetation indices represent the emergence and senescence of photosynthetic structures(leaves),but not necessarily that of photosynthetic *** data of the recently emerging solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence(SIF)that is directly related to photosynthesis,and the traditional MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),we investigated the similarities and differences on the start and end of the growing season(SOS and EOS,respectively)of the Tibetan *** found similar spatiotemporal patterns in SIF-based SOS(SOS_(SIF))and NDVI-based SOS(SOS_(NDV)I).These spatial patterns were mainly driven by temperature in the east and by precipitation in the *** the two satellite products produced different spatial patterns in EOS,likely due to their different climate *** work demonstrates the value of big Earth data for discovering broad-scale spatiotemporal patterns,especially on regions with scarce field *** study provides insights into extending the definition of phenology and fosters a deeper understanding of ecosystem dynamics from big data.

关键词： SIF NDVI phenology photosynthesis big data climate change Tibetan plateau

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A semi-analytical multi-harmonic balance method on full-3D contact model for dynamic analysis of dry friction systems

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 309-329页

作者： He SUN Dayi ZHANG Yaguang WU Qingyang SHEN Dianyin HU Research Institute of Aero-Engine Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Beijing Key laboratory of Aero-Engine Structure and Strength Beijing 100191China sino-french Engineering School Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China AECC Sichuan Gas Turbine Research Establishment Chengdu 610500China

Dry friction damping structures are widely-used in aero-engines to mitigate *** nonlinear nature of friction and the two-dimensional in-plane motion on the contact interface bring challenges to accurately and efficiently predict the forced response of frictionally damped *** state-of-the-art Multi-Harmonic Balance Method(MHBM)on quasi-3D contact model in engineering cannot precisely capture the kinematics on the friction interface although the efficiency is *** full-3D contact model can describe the constitutive relationship of the interface in a more accurate manner;however,the efficiency and convergence are not guaranteed for large-scale *** this paper,a semi-analytical MHBM on full-3D contact model is *** original Trajectory Tracking Method(TTM)for evaluating the contact force is reformulated to make the calculation more concise and the derivation of the Analytical Jacobian Matrix(AJM)*** on the chain rule of derivation,the AJM which is the core to upgrade the performance is *** a shrouded blade finite element model,the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are compared with both the MHBM on full-3D contact model with numerical Jacobian matrix and the MHBM on quasi-3D contact model with *** results show that the AJM improves significantly the efficiency of the MHBM on full-3D contact *** time cost of the proposed method is in the same order of magnitude as that of the MHBM on quasi-3D contact *** also confirm that the full-3D contact model is necessary for the dynamic analyses of shrouded *** one uses the quasi-3D model,the estimation relative error of damping can even reach 31.8%in some *** addition,the AJM also brings benefits for stability *** is highly recommended that engineers use the MHBM on full-3D contact model for the dynamic analysis and design of shrouded blades.

关键词： Dry friction damping Multi-harmonic balance method Trajectory tracking method Jacobian matrix Shrouded blade

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Isospin dependence of projectile fragmentation at hundreds of MeV/u

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Chinese Physics C 2020年第8期44卷 155-163页

作者： Jun Su Long Zhu Chenchen Guo Feng-Shou Zhang sino-french Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China The Key laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Beijing Radiation Center Beijing 100875China Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of LanzhouLanzhou 730000China

By modeling the fragmentation process using a dynamic model and permitting only evaporation in the statistical code,the main features of a projectile fragmentation at 600 MeV/u were considered in our previous study[***.C,98:014610(2018)].In this study,we extend this to the isospin dependence of a projectile fragmentation at several hundreds of MeV/*** searched for isospin observables related to the isospin fractionation to extract the symmetry energy,and found that at the pre-equilibrium stage of the collisions an isospin diffusion will take place and affect the isospin of the final *** isospin fractionation plays a part during the fragmenting *** to the soft symmetry energy,the stiff symmetry energy provides a smaller repulsive force for neutrons and an attractive force for the protons in a neutron-rich system at a subnormal density,and hence causes a smaller isospin asymmetry of the gas phase,leaving a more neutron-rich liquid *** observable robust isospin is proposed to extract the slope of the symmetry energy at normal density based on the isospin dependence of the projectile fragmentation at hundreds of MeV/u.

关键词： projectile fragmentation symmetry energy isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics isospin fractionation

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Comparison of Cavities Formed in Single Crystalline and Polycrystalline α-SiC after H Implantation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2020年第7期37卷 51-55页

作者： Qing Liao Long Kang Tong-Min Zhang Hui-Ping Liu Tao Wang Xiao-Gang Li Jin-Yu Li Zhen Yang Bing-Sheng Li State Key laboratory for Environment-Friendly Energy Materials Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Institute of Fluid Physics China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China sino-french Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

Cavities and extended defects formed in single crystalline and polycrystalline α-SiC implanted with H+ions are *** samples are investigated by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy.H2 bubbles are formed during H implantation and H2 molecules escape the sample to form cavities during thermal annealing at 1100℃.Microcracks and the extended defects prefer to nucleate in single crystalline α-SiC,but not polycrystalline α-Si *** boundaries can account for the experimental *** formation of cavities on grain boundaries is investigated.

关键词： crystalline implantation sectional

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Controlling polar-toroidal multi-order states in twisted ferroelectric nanowires

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npj Computational Materials 2018年第1期4卷 9-16页

作者： Jianyi Liu Ye Ji Shuai Yuan Lili Ding Weijin Chen Yue Zheng State Key laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of PhysicsSun Yat-sen University510275 GuangzhouChina Micro and Nano Physics and Mechanics Research laboratory School of PhysicsSun Yat-sen University510275 GuangzhouChina sino-french Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen University519082 ZhuhaiChina School of Materials Sun Yat-sen University510275 GuangzhouChina

The toroidal order of electric dipoles in ferroelectric materials has attracted attention in the past decade due to fascinating properties and great potential for enabling novel memory devices,and functional devices in ***,facile manipulation of toroidal order in ferroelectrics remains ***,using first-principles derived simulations,we demonstrate an efficient scheme to control the polar-toroidal multi-order(PTMO)states in ferroelectric *** feasible strategies of controlling PTMO states by a combination of homogeneous electric field and torque are carried out in ferroelectric/paraelectric composite *** is possible based on trilinear coupling between polarization,toroidization and the twist *** a result,switching of the toroidization of the nanowire can be readily achieved by reversal of the axial *** torque threshold needed to control PTMO states is also calculated and found to be relatively small,indicating the feasibility of this *** study demonstrates facile control of PTMO states,including ferroelectric skyrmions,in ferroelectrics and is a step towards designing ferroelectric devices based on multi-order states.

关键词： method. ferroelectric facile

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Level of detail technique for plant models

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中国体视学与图像分析 2006年第4期11卷 235-242页

作者： Xiaopeng ZHANG Qingqiong DENG~ Marc JAEGER sino-french laboratory LIAMA National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation CAS Beijing China INRIA-Rocquencourt Project DigiPlante CIRAD AMAP Montpellier France

Realistic modelling and interactive rendering of forestry and landscape is a challenge in computer graphics and virtual *** new developments in plant growth modelling and simulation lead to plant models faithful to botanical structure and development,not only representing the complex architecture of a real plant but also its functioning in interaction with its *** geometry and material of a large group of plants is a big burden even for high performances computers,and they often overwhelm the numerical calculation power and graphic rendering ***,in order to accelerate the rendering speed of a group of plants,software techniques are often *** this paper,we focus on plant organs,***,flowers,fruits and *** approach is a simplification process of all sparse organs at the same time,i.e.,Level of Detail(LOD),and multi-resolution models for *** do explain here the principle and construction of plant *** are used to construct LOD and multi-resolution models of sparse organs and branches of big *** approaches take benefit from basic knowledge of plant architecture,clustering tree organs according to biological *** illustrate the potential of our approach on several big virtual plants for geometrical compression or LOD model *** we prove the efficiency of the proposed LOD models for realistic rendering with a virtual scene composed by 184 mature trees.

关键词：计算机图形学虚拟现实仿真模型细节技术植物模型

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Multimodel projections and uncertainties of net ecosystem production in China over the twenty-first century

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第34期59卷 4681-4691页

作者： Tao Wang Xin Lin Shushi Peng Nan Cong Shilong Piao laboratory for Glaciology and Environmental Geophysics CNRS/Joseph Fourier-Grenoble University 38402 GrenobleFrance laboratory for Climate and Environmental Science CEA CNRS UVSQ 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France State Key laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal University sino-french Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University

Ecosystems in China have been absorbing anthropogenic CO2 over the last three decades. Here, we assess future carbon uptake in China using models from phase 5 of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project under four socio-economic scenarios. The average of China's carbon sink from 2006 to 2100 represented by multimodel mean net ecosystem production(NEP) is projected to increase(relative to averaged NEP from 1976 to 2005) in the range of 0.137 and 0.891 Pg C a-1across differentscenarios. Increases in NEP are driven by increases in net primary production exceeding increases in heterotrophic respiration, and future carbon sink is mainly attributed to areas located in eastern China. However, there exists a considerable model spread in the magnitude of carbon sink and model spread tends to be larger when future climate change becomes more intense. The model spread may result from intermodel discrepancy in the magnitude of CO2 fertilization effect on photosynthesis, soil carbon turnover time, presence of carbon-nitrogen cycle and interpretation of land-use changes. For better quantifying future carbon cycle, a research priority toward improving model representation of these processes is recommended.

关键词：中国东部地区生态系统生产量不确定性模式预测二氧化碳使用模型净初级生产力

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Production cross sections for exotic nuclei with multinucleon transfer reactions

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Frontiers of physics 2018年第6期13卷 181-196页

作者： Feng-Shou Zhang Cheng Li Long Zhu Peiwei Wen The Key laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and Technology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Beijing Radiation Center Beijing 100875 China Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou Lanzhou 730000 China sino-french Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai 519082 China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China

The main progresses in the multinucleon transfer reactions at energies close to the Coulomb barrier are reviewed. After a short presentation of the experimental progress and theoretical progress, the predicted product... 详细信息

关键词： heavy-ion collisions multinucleon transfer reactions exotic nuclei GRAZING model DNS model ImQMD model

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Climate Warming Mitigation from Nationally Determined Contributions

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第8期39卷 1217-1228页

作者： Bo FU Jingyi LI Thomas GASSER Philippe CIAIS Shilong PIAO Shu TAO Guofeng SHEN Yuqin LAI Luchao HAN Bengang LI sino-french Institute for Earth System Science MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface ProcessesCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis(IIASA) 2361 LaxenburgAustria Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement CEA-CNRS-UVSQ91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

Individual countries are requested to submit nationally determined contributions(NDCs)to alleviate global warming in the Paris ***,the global climate effects and regional contributions are not explicitly considered in the countries’decision-making *** this study,we evaluate the global temperature slowdown of the NDC scenario(ΔT=0.6°C)and attribute the global temperature slowdown to certain regions of the world with a compact earth system *** reductions in CO_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)O,BC,and SO_(2),the R5OECD(the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development in 1990)and R5ASIA(Asian countries)are the top two contributors to global warming mitigation,accounting for 39.3%and 36.8%,respectively.R5LAM(Latin America and the Caribbean)and R5MAF(the Middle East and Africa)followed behind,with contributions of 11.5%and 8.9%,*** remaining 3.5%is attributed to R5REF(the Reforming Economies).Carbon Dioxide emission reduction is the decisive factor of regional contributions,but not the only *** greenhouse gases are also important,especially for *** contribution of short-lived aerosols is small but significant,notably SO_(2)reduction in *** argue that additional species beyond CO_(2)need to be considered,including short-lived pollutants,when planning a route to mitigate climate *** needs to be emphasized that there is still a gap to achieve the Paris Agreement 2-degree target with current NDC efforts,let alone the ambitious 1.5-degree *** countries need to pursue stricter reduction policies for a more sustainable world.

关键词： climate mitigation nationally determined contributions attribution regional contribution integrated assessment models

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