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Advances and applications in single-cell and spatial genomics

Science China Life sciences 2025年

作者： Jingjing Wang Fang Ye Haoxi Chai Yujia Jiang Teng Wang Xia Ran Qimin Xia Ziye Xu Yuting Fu Guodong Zhang Hanyu Wu Guoji Guo Hongshan Guo Yijun Ruan Yongcheng Wang Dong Xing Xun Xu Zemin Zhang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG) Peking University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write BGI Research Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory Zhejiang University School of Medicine Life sciences institute and The Second Affiliated hospital Zhejiang University BGI Research Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIoPIC) and School of Life sciences Peking University Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University institute of Hematology Zhejiang University Department of Laboratory Medicine of The First Affiliated hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory Zhejiang University School of Medicine Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Zhejiang University School of Medicine Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Dr.Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine

The applications of single-cell and spatial technologies in recent times have revolutionized the present understanding of cellular states and the cellular heterogeneity inherent in complex biological systems. These advancements offer unprecedented resolution in the examination of the functional genomics of individual cells and their spatial context within tissues. In this review, we have comprehensively discussed the historical development and recent progress in the field of single-cell and spatial genomics. We have reviewed the breakthroughs in single-cell multi-omics technologies, spatial genomics methods, and the computational strategies employed toward the analyses of singlecell atlas data. Furthermore, we have highlighted the advances made in constructing cellular atlases and their clinical applications,particularly in the context of disease. Finally, we have discussed the emerging trends, challenges, and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field.

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Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam M.R.Groh Moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton G.R.Wayne Moore Jack P.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

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Printing perovskite and graphene parallel structure-based optical-mechanical sensors for human-machine interaction

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Science China Technological sciences 2025年

作者： Sisi CHEN Jiemin ZHANG Nan CHENG Wenbo LI Jing LIU Hongfei XIE Jie ZHANG Yueying CHENG Xiaotong ZHAo Meng SU Yanlin SoNG Key Laboratory of Green Printing CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) university of Chinese Academy of sciences Weiyang College Tsinghua University Department of Cardiovascular Surgery First Medical Center PLA General Hospital AECC Beijing institute of Aeronautical Materials Beijing institute of Graphene Technology Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Graphene Application School of Integrated Circuit & Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) Tsinghua University

Surgical robots are designed to provide enhanced precision and dexterity compared to manual surgical procedures,which mainly rely on multimodal sensing technologies for the surgeon to seamlessly operate the robotic arms and *** with single-mode sensors, optical and mechanical bi-modal sensors provide improved precision, enhanced safety,and robustness of human-machine interaction systems. Here, the template-guided and pneumatic printing technologies are combined to construct perovskite and graphene parallel structures with both optical and mechanical sensing capabilities. The printed uniformly crystallized perovskite microstructure exhibits fast and sensitive photoelectric response characteristics,enabling shadow recognition functionality. The combination of graphene and elastic rubber endows the great printability to prepare parallel structures near the perovskite arrays for force sensing capabilities. Thus, the printed perovskite and graphene structures possess non-contact optical sensing capabilities to detect hand position by recognizing shadows between the hand and the sensor, as well as contact mechanical sensing capabilities to detect touch force applied by the hand. It provides a synergistic platform for real-time and multidimensional feedback to improve human-machine interaction.

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circT P63-N suppresses the proliferation and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma via engaging with HSP90AB1 to modulate the YAP1/Hippo signaling pathway

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Science China Life sciences 2025年

作者： Dan Wang Sicheng Zuo Junshang Ge Hongke Qu Jie Wu Na Yi Lei Shi Yumin Wang Yongzhen Mo Chunmei Fan Yi He Pan Chen Ming Zhou Bo Xiang Wei Xiong Wenjia Guo Zhaoyang Zeng Can Guo NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences Central South University Furong Laboratory Cancer Research institute Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Translational Biomedical Engineering

Circular RNAs(circRNAs) play pivotal roles in the development and progression of various diseases, including malignant tumors. However,the biological functions and the underlying mechanisms of many circRNAs remain elusive. In this study, we identified a novel circRNA,circTP63-N, generated through the splicing of exons 2–4 of the TP63 gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC). circTP63-N was found to be downregulated in clinical samples of NPC. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments unequivocally demonstrated that circTP63-N inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of NPC cells. Further investigations revealed that circTP63-N interacted with the HSP90AB1 protein, leading to the recruitment of LATS/YAP1 proteins. This, in turn, induced phosphorylation and ubiquitination-dependent degradation of YAP1, resulting in reduced nuclear translocation of YAP1 and inhibition of the transcriptional activation of downstream oncogenic genes, including INHBA, MMP3, and CCNE2. our findings highlight the identification of circTP63-N, a novel circRNA encoded by an important tumor-relevant gene TP63 and elucidate its molecular mechanism as a tumor suppressor in NPC. These insights offer novel potential molecular markers and therapeutic targets for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of NPC.

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Bioactive materials from berberine-treated human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells accelerate tooth extraction socket healing through the jaw vascular unit

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Science China Life sciences 2025年

作者： Ruyu Wang Tianxiao Wang Ziyu Chen Jiandong Jiang Yifei Du Hua Yuan Yongchu Pan Yuli Wang Department of oral and Maxillofacial Surgery The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Centre of Stomatological Translational Medicine Nanjing Medical University Department of Stomatology Chongzhou People's Hospital medical Basic Research Innovation Centre for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases Ministry of Education International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses School of PharmacyNanjing Medical University institute of Medicinal Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Department of orthodontic The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Centre of Stomatological Translational Medicine Nanjing Medical University

Delayed tooth extraction socket(TES) healing can cause failure of subsequent oral implantation and increase socioeconomic burden on patients. Excessive amounts of M1 macrophages, apoptotic neutrophils(ANs), and neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs) impair alveolar bone regeneration during TES healing. In the present study, we first discovered that conditioned medium(CM) collected from berberine-treated human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BBR-HB-CM) accelerated TES healing. BBR-HB-CM contained bioactive materials that promoted the polarization of macrophages from M1 to M2, impeded the formation of ANs and NETs, and modulated M2 macrophage efferocytosis in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, BBR-HB-CM promoted bone formation by inhibiting macrophage-myofibroblast transition and reprogrammed macrophage polarization through p85/AKT/mToR pathway-dependent autophagy. The 3-methyladenine abolished the therapeutic effects of BBR-HB-CM. Further studies revealed that BBR-HB-CM accelerated TES healing in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. overall, our results demonstrated that BBR-HB-CM had high potential to promote rapid TES healing.

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High-performance poly(aromatic pyridine) copolymers with crown ether moieties for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Qian Wang Songhao Zhao Yunpeng Guo Wei Wei Lele Wang Jingshuai Yang Department of Chemistry College of Sciences Northeastern University institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

This study concentrates on the development of high temperature polymer electrolyte membranes（HT-PEMs）, which are essential components for HT-PEM fuel cells（HT-PEMFCs）. Although the phosphoric acid（PA）-doped polybenzimidazole（PBI） has been regarded as the successful HT-PEM, this system still suffers from several challenges, including the use of carcinogenic monomers, complex synthesis procedures, and poor solubility in organic solvents. To develop more cost-effective, readily synthesized and high-performance alternatives, this study employs a simply superacid-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts reaction to synthesize a series of poly（triphenyl-co-dibenzo-18-crown-6 pyridine） copolymers, denoted as P(TPx%-co-CEy%), using ptriphenyl, dibenzo-18-crown-6 and 4-acetylpyridine as monomers. The copolymerized hydrophilic and bulky crown ether unites introduce large free volumes and multiple interaction sites with PA molecules, as elucidated by theoretical *** microphase separation structures are formed as confirmed by atomic force microscope（AFM）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and small-angle X-ray scattering（SAXS）. Thus P(TPx%-co-CEy%) membranes exhibit excellent PA absorption and proton conduction abilities. For example, after immersing in 85 wt% PA at 30 °C, the P(TP91%-co-CE9%) membrane achieves a PA doping content of 205% and a high conductivity of 0.138 S cm-1at 180 °C, while maintaining a tensile strength of 7.5 MPa at room temperature. Without humidification and backpressure, the peak power density of an H2-o2cell equipped with P(TP91%-co-CE9%)/205%PA reaches nearly 1200 mW cm-2, representing one of the highest performances reported for PA-doped HT-PEMs to date. This work demonstrates the enormous potential of poly（triphenyl-co-crown ether pyridine） membranes in the HT-PEMFC applications.

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Probiotics——A complete oral healthcare package

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第6期18卷 462-469页

作者： sumita Mishra Shakti Rath Neeta Mohanty Department of orthodontics Institute of Dental SciencesSiksha‘O’Anusandhan(Deemed to be University)Kalinga NagarBhubaneswar 751003OdishaIndia Central Research Laboratory Institute of Dental SciencesSiksha‘O’Anusandhan(Deemed to be University)Kalinga NagarBhubaneswar 751003OdishaIndia Department of oral Pathology and Microbiology Institute of Dental SciencesSiksha‘O’Anusandhan(Deemed to be University)Kalinga NagarBhubaneswar 751003OdishaIndia

Probiotics are living bacterial cells that have significant therapeutic potential for treating human infectious *** is a huge market for probiotics in the pharmaceutical *** have been frequently used to treat the gastrointestinal diseases and improve gut *** this review,the strains currently in use for manufacturing oral probiotic formulations are *** review further recommends the use of probiotics for the control of various oral health disorders,like dental caries,periodontitis,gingivitis,halitosis,burning mouth syndrome,and oral ***,this review also explores the use of various commercial probiotic products in maintaining oral health,their market values,and government acts and regulations that are relevant to the production and marketing of *** have tremendous therapeutic potential and more in-depth research must be done on these beneficial bacteria to make them one of the leading drugs in treating oral disorders.

关键词： Lactobacillus Microflora Periodontal infections Halitosis oral health Probiotics oral hygiene

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Activatable chemiluminescence probe based on four-arm PEGconjugated-pyropheophorbide-a for in vivo autofluorescence-free imaging of peroxynitrite

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Jianmei Ke Lei Ding Ronggui Lian Cheng Zheng Wenjun Li Aixian Zheng Yupeng Sun Ming Wu Yongyi Zeng Xiaolong Liu Maochun Hong Xiaolong Zhang The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University Ganjiang Innovation Academy Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Rare Earths University of Science and Technology of China College of Chemistry Fuzhou University State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences

Peroxynitrite（oNoo-） is a highly reactive nitrogen species that plays pivotal roles in cell signal transduction and physiological or pathological progresses. However, commonly used oNoo-optical imaging probes are still hampered by high background/autofluorescence（fluorescence probe）, short emission wavelength, or poor selectivity in the case of chemiluminescence. Herein,we report a facile method to prepare an activatable chemiluminescence probe（PPA-PEG） with good biocompatibility and functionality for in vivo autofluorescence-free imaging of oNoo-. The PPA-PEG consists of pyropheophorbide-a（PPA）, a typical deep red photosensitizer that acts as both the recognition and signaling element, and 4-arm poly（ethylene glycol）(4-arm PEG), which improves the biosafety and water solubility of probe. These components can self-assemble into nanoparticles（namely PPA-PEG nanoprobe） in aqueous solution. The PPA-PEG nanoprobe showed an ultra-low chemiluminescence signal before interacting with oNoo-, but exhibited good selectivity, high sensitivity and a fast response toward oNoo-. The PPAPEG was successfully applied to image cellular oNoo-changes, as well as the endogenous oNoo-changes in inflammation models and subcutaneous or orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） tumors models in living mice. In vitro and in vivo studies verified the good detection and imaging capabilities of PPA-PEG for peroxynitrite, demonstrating suitable tissue penetration and a high signal-to-background ratio（SBR）. Thus, our nanoprobe can serve as a valuable activatable chemiluminescence imaging tool for studying important peroxynitrite-related chemical and biological applications.

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Role of hormone receptors and HER2 as prospective molecular markers for breast cancer:An update

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Genes & Diseases 2022年第3期9卷 648-658页

作者： Swati Sucharita Mohanty Chita Ranjan Sahoo Rabindra Nath Padhy Cytogenetics Laboratory P.G.Department of ZoologyUtkal UniversityBhubaneswarOdisha 751004India Central Research Laboratory Institute of Medical Sciences&SUM HospitalSiksha'O’Anusandhan Deemed to be UniversityBhubaneswarOdisha 751003India

This review provides an updated account on the current methods,principles and mechanism of action of therapies for the detection of molecular markers of therapeutic importance in the prognosis of breast cancer progression and recurrence,which includes estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR)and human epidermal growth factor receptor2(HER2).Indeed,hormone-receptors namely,ER,PR,proto-oncogene HER2 are the basic molecular markers that are recognized and established prognostic factors and predictors of response,for therapeutic *** markers can be detected by using immunohistochemistry(IHC)and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH),which are established,faster and cost effective detection *** molecular markers along with clinicopathological prognostic parameters give the best prediction of the prognosis of cancer recurrence and ***,hormone receptors and HER2 as molecular markers are of prime therapeutic importance and have the capability to take part in future drug development techniques.

关键词： Breast cancer Molecular diagnostic Molecular markers Predictive markers Prognostic

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High mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system:regeneration hidden beneath inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 107-115页

作者： Hanki Kim Bum Jun Kim Seungyon Koh Hyo Jin Cho Xuelian Jin Byung Gon Kim Jun Young Choi Department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical sciences Ajou University Graduate School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Neurology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Geriatrics The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuqianJiangsu ProvinceChina

High-mobility group box 1 was first discovered in the calf thymus as a DNA-binding nuclear protein and has been widely studied in diverse fields,including neurology and ***-mobility group box 1 in the extracellular space functions as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern,which has been proven to play an important role in a wide variety of central nervous system disorders such as ischemic stroke,Alzheimer’s disease,frontotemporal dementia,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,epilepsy,and traumatic brain *** drugs that inhibit high-mobility group box 1 as a damage-associated molecular pattern,such as glycyrrhizin,ethyl pyruvate,and neutralizing anti-high-mobility group box 1 antibodies,are commonly used to target high-mobility group box 1 activity in central nervous system *** it is commonly known for its detrimental inflammatory effect,high-mobility group box 1 has also been shown to have beneficial pro-regenerative roles in central nervous system *** this narrative review,we provide a brief summary of the history of high-mobility group box 1 research and its characterization as a damage-associated molecular pattern,its downstream receptors,and intracellular signaling pathways,how high-mobility group box 1 exerts the repair-favoring roles in general and in the central nervous system,and clues on how to differentiate the pro-regenerative from the pro-inflammatory *** targeting high-mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system may benefit from differentiating between the two functions rather than overall suppression of high-mobility group box 1.

关键词： central nervous system damage-associated molecular pattern ethyl pyruvate glycyrhizzin high mobility group box 1 inflammation neural stem cells neurodevelopment oligodendrocyte progenitor cells redox status regeneration

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