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Flexible Graphene Field‑Effect Transistors and Their Application in Flexible Biomedical sensing

Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 252-313页

作者： Mingyuan sun shuai Wang Yanbo Liang Chao Wang Yunhong Zhang Hong Liu Yu Zhang Lin Han Institute of Marine science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237ShandongPeople’s Republic of China state Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJinan 250100ShandongPeople’s Republic of China school of Integrated Circuits Shandong UniversityJinan 250100ShandongPeople’s Republic of China shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application Jinan250100ShandongPeople’s Republic of China

Flexible electronics are transforming our lives by making daily activities more *** to this innovation are field-effect transistors(FETs),valued for their efficient signal processing,nanoscale fabrication,low-power consumption,fast response times,and ***,known for its exceptional mechanical properties,high electron mobility,and biocompatibility,is an ideal material for FET channels and *** combination of graphene and FETs has given rise to flexible graphene field-effect transistors(FGFETs),driving significant advances in flexible electronics and sparked a strong interest in flexible biomedical ***,we first provide a brief overview of the basic structure,operating mechanism,and evaluation parameters of FGFETs,and delve into their material selection and patterning *** ability of FGFETs to sense strains and biomolecular charges opens up diverse application *** specifically analyze the latest strategies for integrating FGFETs into wearable and implantable flexible biomedical sensors,focusing on the key aspects of constructing high-quality flexible biomedical ***,we discuss the current challenges and prospects of FGFETs and their applications in biomedical *** review will provide valuable insights and inspiration for ongoing research to improve the quality of FGFETs and broaden their application prospects in flexible biomedical sensing.

关键词： Flexible Graphene Field-effect transistor Wearable Implantable Biosensor

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Recent Advances in Artificial sensory Neurons:Biological Fundamentals,Devices,Applications,and Challenges

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 168-216页

作者： shuai Zhong Lirou su Mingkun Xu Desmond Loke Bin Yu Yishu Zhang Rong Zhao Guangdong Institute of Intelligence science and Technology HengqinZhuhai 519031People’s Republic of China College of Integrated Circuits Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 3112000People’s Republic of China ZJU-Hangzhou Global scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China Department of science Mathematics and TechnologySingapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapore Department of Precision Instruments Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Center for Brain‑Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

spike-based neural networks,which use spikes or action potentialsto represent information,have gained a lot of attention because of their high energyefficiency and low power *** fully leverage its advantages,convertingthe external analog signals to spikes is an essential *** including analog-to-digital converters or ring oscillators,and sensorssuffer from high power and area *** efforts are devoted to constructingartificial sensory neurons based on emerging devices inspired by the biologicalsensory *** can simultaneously perform sensing and spike conversion,overcoming the deficiencies of traditional sensory *** review summarizesand benchmarks the recent progress of artificial sensory *** starts with thepresentation of various mechanisms of biological signal transduction,followed bythe systematic introduction of the emerging devices employed for artificial ***,the implementations with different perceptual capabilitiesare briefly outlined and the key metrics and potential applications are also ***,we highlight the challenges and perspectives for the future development of artificial sensory neurons.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Emerging devices Artificial sensory neurons spiking neural networks Neuromorphic sensing

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Fault component integrated impedance-based pilot protection scheme for EHV/UHV transmission line with thyristor controlled series capacitor(TCsC) and controllable shunt reactor(CsR)

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science China(Technological sciences) 2013年第2期56卷 342-350页

作者： HE shiEn sUONAN JaLe KANG XiaoNing JIAO ZaiBin Department of Electrical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University wind power Technology Center Gansu Electric Power Corporation

This paper analyzes the fundamental frequency impedance presents a novel transmission line pilot protection scheme characteristic of a thyristor controlled series capacitor （TCsC） and based on fault component integrated impedance （FCII） calculated for a transmission line with TCsC and controllable shunt reactor （CsR）. The FCII is defined as the ratio of the sum of the fault component voltage phasors of a transmission line with TCsC and CsR to the sum of the fault component current phasors where all the phasors are determined at both line＇s terminals. It can be used to distinguish internal faults occurring on the line from external ones. If the fault is an external one the FCII reflects the line＇s capacitive impedance and has large value. If the fault is an internal one on the line the FCII reflects the impedance of the equivalent system and the line and is relatively small. The new pilot protection scheme can be easily set and has the fault phase selection ability and also it is not affected by the capacitive current and the fault transition resistance. It is not sensitive to compensation level and dynamics of TCsC and CsR. The effectiveness of the new scheme is validated against data obtained in ATP simulations and Northwest China 750 kV Project.

关键词： EHV/UHV transmission line pilot protection fault component integrated impedance (FCII) thyristor controlled seriescapacitor (TCsC) controllable shunt reactor (CsR)

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Allocation of synchronous condensers for restoration of system short-circuit power

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Journal of Modern power systems and Clean Energy 2018年第1期6卷 17-26页

作者： Emanuel MARRAZI Guangya YANG Peter WEINREICH-JENsEN Center for Electric power and Energy Department of Electrical Engineering Technical University of Denmark siemens A/s

Modern power systems,employing an increasing number of converter-based renewable energy sources(REs)and decreasing the usage of conventional power plants,are leading to lower levels of short-circuit power and rotational inertia.A solution to this is the employment of synchronous condensers in the grid,in order to provide sufficient short-circuit *** results in the increase of the short-circuit ratio(sCR)at transmission system busbars serving as points of interconnection(POI)to renewable *** of the required capacity and grid-location of the synchronous condensers,is inherently a mixed integer nonlinear optimization problem,which could not be done on manual basis considering each type of machine and all *** study therefore proposes a method of optimal allocation of synchronous condensers in a hypothetic future scenario of a transmission system fed by renewable *** cost of synchronous condenser installations in the system is minimized and the sCRs at the POIs of central renewable power plants are *** method has potential for application on larger grids,aiding grid-integration of REs.

关键词： short-circuit power short-circuit ratio synchronous condenser

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Transient stability Analysis of Grid-connected Converters in wind Turbine systems Based on Linear Lyapunov Function and Reverse-time Trajectory

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Journal of Modern power systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 782-790页

作者： Mohammad Kazem Bakhshizadeh sujay Ghosh Guangya Yang Łukasz Kocewiak Ørsted wind power A/s Nesa Allé12820Denmark Technical University of Denmark Anker Engelunds Vej 12800Denmark

As the proportion of converter-interfaced renewable energy resources in the power system is increasing,the strength of the power grid at the connection point of wind turbine generators(WTGs)is gradually *** research has shown that when connected with the weak grid,the stability of the traditional grid-following controlled converters will deteriorate,and they are prone to unstable phenomena such as *** to the limitations of linear analysis that cannot sufficiently capture the stability phenomena,transient stability must be *** far,standalone time-domain simulations or analytical Lyapunov stability criteria have been used to investigate transient ***,the time-domain simulations have proven to be computationally too heavy,while analytical methods are difficult to formulate for larger systems,require many modelling assumptions,and are often conservative in estimating the stability *** paper proposes and demonstrates an innovative approach to estimating the transient stability boundary via combining the linear Lyapunov function and the reverse-time trajectory *** proposed methodology eliminates the need of time-consuming simulations and the conservative nature of Lyapunov *** study brings out the clear distinction between the stability boundaries with different post-fault active current ramp rate *** the same time,it provides a new perspective on critical clearing time for wind turbine *** stability boundary is verified using time-domain simulation studies.

关键词： Lyapunov direct method non-autonomous system phase-locked loop(PLL) time trajectory reversal transient stability assessment wind turbine converter system

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Grid-Connected/Islanded switching Control strategy for Photovoltaic storage Hybrid Inverters Based on Modified Chimpanzee Optimization Algorithm

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Energy Engineering 2025年第1期122卷 265-284页

作者： Chao Zhou NarisuWang Fuyin Ni Wenchao Zhang school of Electrical and Information Engineering Jiangsu University of TechnologyChangzhou213001China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of power Transmission&Distribution Equipment Technology Jiangsu University of TechnologyChangzhou213001China

Uneven power distribution,transient voltage,and frequency deviations are observed in the photovoltaic storage hybrid inverter during the switching between grid-connected and island *** response to these issues,this paper proposes a grid-connected/island switching control strategy for photovoltaic storage hybrid inverters based on the modified chimpanzee optimization *** proposed strategy incorporates coupling compensation and power differentiation elements based on the traditional droop ***,it combines the angular frequency and voltage amplitude adjustments provided by the phase-locked loop-free pre-synchronization control *** pre-synchronization is achieved by regulating the virtual current to zero and aligning the photovoltaic storage hybrid inverter with the grid ***,two novel operators,learning and emotional behaviors are introduced to enhance the optimization precision of the chimpanzee *** operators ensure high-precision and high-reliability optimization of the droop control parameters for photovoltaic storage hybrid inverters.A simulink model was constructed for simulation analysis,which validated the optimized control strategy’s ability to evenly distribute power under load *** strategy effectively mitigated transient voltage and current surges during mode ***,seamless and efficient switching between gridconnected and island modes was achieved for the photovoltaic storage hybrid *** enhanced energy utilization efficiency,in turn,offers robust technical support for grid stability.

关键词： Photovoltaic storage hybrid inverters modified chimpanzee optimization algorithm droop control seamless switching

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Exploring commercial water electrolyser systems:a data-based analysis of product characteristics

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Clean Energy 2024年第1期8卷 126-133页

作者： Xin Jin shi You Marianne Petersen Jonathan Riofrio soumya Thakur Chresten Træholt Zhijian Feng Department of wind and Energy systems Technical University of Denmark2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/s 7330 BrandeDenmark

The urgency for energy transition is evident through the increasing demand for new technologies such as water electrolysers(WEs),which have the potential to generate green hydrogen using renewable *** paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the technical capabilities of commercially available WE system *** analysis is based on publicly accessible data gathered from 28 WE manufacturers worldwide with a total of 186 products,focusing on technology types and various technical characteristics of each WE system,including capacity,footprint,hydrogen output pressure,hydrogen purity and conversion *** analysis reveals that the current WE system solutions in the market exhibit diverse and varied ***,there is a lack of standardized product specifications adopted by *** underscores the urgent need for the development of frameworks and *** such standards is crucial for enhancing clarity and understanding,facilitating efficient comparisons and selection processes,and supporting the future advancement of WE technologies and WE-enabled power-to-X applications on a global scale.

关键词： data analysis hydrogen power-to-X standards water electrolyser system

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Fatigue damage behavior of a surface-mount electronic package under different cyclic applied loads

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第4期23卷 377-384页

作者：任淮辉王习术 Longyuan Beijing) wind power Engineer Technology Co. Ltd Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University

This paper studies and compares the effects of pull-pull and 3-point bending cyclic loadings on the mechanical fa- tigue damage behaviors of a solder joint in a surface-mount electronic package. The comparisons are based on experimental investigations using scanning electron microscopy （sEM） in-situ technology and nonlinear finite element modeling, respec- tively. The compared results indicate that there are different threshold levels of plastic strain for the initial damage of solder joints under two cyclic applied loads; meanwhile, fatigue crack initiation occurs at different locations, and the accumulation of equivalent plastic strain determines the trend and direction of fatigue crack propagation. In addition, simulation results of the fatigue damage process of solder joints considering a constitutive model of damage initiation criteria for ductile materials and damage evolution based on accumulating inelastic hysteresis energy are identical to the experimental results. The actual fatigue life of the solder joint is almost the same and demonstrates that the FE modeling used in this study can provide an accurate prediction of solder joint fatigue failure.

关键词： solder joint fatigue life hysteresis energy sEM in-situ technology

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Impacts of Large-scale wind power Grid Integration on Relay Protection and Countermeasures

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电力系统自动化 2012年第8期36卷 136-142页

作者： He, shien suonan, Jiale Kang, Xiaoning song, Guobing school of Electrical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China wind power Technology Center Gansu Electric Power Corporation Lanzhou 730050 China

several large-scale wind turbine tripping accidents occurred in Jiuquan wind power base in *** to the on-site survey and analysis of these accidents related to relay protection,causes were found to be the collection system defects and low correct operation rate of small current grounded line selectors of the unearthed neutral point collection *** referring to both the characteristics of Jiuquan wind power base and arrangement of relay protection,the short-circuit features of wind power and its impacts on relay protection are *** collection system and the retrofit of the small current grounded line selector are improved by specific ***,further research subjects are put forward.

关键词：大型风力发电机组继电保护小电流接地选线整合电网事故发生现场调查运转率

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Exploring Nanoscale Perovskite Materials for Next‑Generation Photodetectors:A Comprehensive Review and Future Directions

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 46-108页

作者： Xin Li sikandar Aftab Maria Mukhtar Fahmid Kabir Muhammad Farooq Khan Hosameldin Helmy Hegazy Erdi Akman state Key Laboratory of Pulsed power Laser Technology National University of Defense TechnologyHefei 230037AnhuiPeople’s Republic of China Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology Hefei 230037AnhuiPeople’s Republic of China Nanhu Laser Laboratory Changsha 410015HunanPeople’s Republic of China Department of semiconductor systems Engineering and Clean Energy Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea school of Engineering science Simon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBC V5A 1S6Canada Department of Electrical Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006South Korea Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia Central Labs King Khalid UniversityAlQura’aP.O.Box 96061413 AbhaSaudi Arabia scientific and Technological Research and Application Center Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University70100 KaramanTurkey

The rapid advancement of nanotechnology has sparked much interest in applying nanoscale perovskite materials for photodetection *** materials are promising candidates for next-generation photodetectors(PDs)due to their unique optoelectronic properties and flexible synthesis *** review explores the approaches used in the development and use of optoelectronic devices made of different nanoscale perovskite architectures,including quantum dots,nanosheets,nanorods,nanowires,and *** a thorough analysis of recent literature,the review also addresses common issues like the mechanisms underlying the degradation of perovskite PDs and offers perspectives on potential solutions to improve stability and scalability that impede widespread *** addition,it highlights that photodetection encompasses the detection of light fields in dimensions other than light intensity and suggests potential avenues for future research to overcome these obstacles and fully realize the potential of nanoscale perovskite materials in state-of-the-art photodetection *** review provides a comprehensive overview of nanoscale perovskite PDs and guides future research efforts towards improved performance and wider applicability,making it a valuable resource for researchers.

关键词： Nanoscale perovskites Photodetectors Nanosheets Nanorods Nanowires Quantum dots Nanocrystals

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