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Deep eutectic solvents for separation and purification applications in critical metal metallurgy:Recent advances and perspectives

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 1-19页

作者： Shuo Chen Shengpeng Su Yanfang Huang Bingbing Liu Hu Sun Shuzhen Yang Guihong Han School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Zhongyuan Critical metals Laboratory Henan ProvinceZhengzhou 450001China

Solvent extraction,a separation and purification technology,is crucial in critical metal *** solvents commonly used in solvent extraction exhibit disadvantages,such as high volatility,high toxicity,and flammability,causing a spectrum of hazards to human health and environmental *** solvents have been recognized as potential alternatives to these harmful organic *** the past two decades,several neoteric solvents have been proposed,including ionic liquids(ILs)and deep eutectic solvents(DESs).DESs have gradually become the focus of green solvents owing to several advantages,namely,low toxicity,degradability,and low *** this critical review,their classification,formation mechanisms,preparation methods,characterization technologies,and special physicochemical properties based on the most recent advancements in research have been systematically ***,the major separation and purification applications of DESs in critical metal metallurgy were comprehensively ***,future opportunities and challenges of DESs were explored in the current research *** conclusion,this review provides valuable insights for improving our overall understanding of DESs,and it holds important potential for expanding separation and purification applications in critical metal metallurgy.

关键词： deep eutectic solvents preparations properties separation and purification critical metal metallurgy

Cold-Rolling Technology and Automation for the Production of Advanced High-Strength Steel Grades （AHSS）

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Cold-Rolling Technology and Automation for the Production of...

2007中国钢铁年会

作者： Georg Bytomski Stanislas Mauuary Gerlinde Djumlija siemens AG Industrial Solutions and ServicesErlangenGermany siemens vai Metals Technologies SASSaint-Chamond CedexFrance siemens vai Metals Technologies GmbH ＆ Co.LinzAustria

＜正＞Cold strip producers are permanently seeking for mill equipment and automation solutions,which ensure the most efficient rolling operation and fulfill the demands of the future market in terms of strip quality,dimensional performances and steel grade mix to be produced. Today the trend to use high-strength steel grades such as dual phase or TRIP steels in the automotive industries motivates the steel producers to invest in rolling mill equipment and automation solutions,which are able to produce these grades although the percentage of the product mix is rather small.A big portion of the product mix still presents the traditional steel grades. siemens vai sees its responsibility as cold rolling mill supplier to understand all requirements of the cold strip producer including strip quality,investment,production and maintenance *** in depth analysis of the product mix is necessary to determine the best equipment and automation solution to fulfil customer requirements for high strength *** paper explains how the maximum reduction,the required flatness adjustment range and mill stiffness influence the optimum solution especially when it comes to rolling of advanced high strength *** projects executed or currently under way by siemens vai for each of the mill types will be explained as well as the reasons for the individual solutions:

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Development and Current Status of the Corex and Finex Process

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Development and Current Status of the Corex and Finex Proces...

2007中国钢铁年会

作者： C. Bhm D. Siuka J. Schenk J. Kriechmair siemens vai metals technologies GmbH ＆ Co. LinzAustria siemens vai metals technologies GmbH ＆ Co. LinzAustria siemens vai metals technologies GmbH ＆ Co. LinzAustria siemens vai metals technologies GmbH ＆ Co. LinzAustria

＜正＞With the contract award for a COREX（?） C-3000 plant with an annual capacity of 1.5 million t hot metal by Baosteel Pudong ISCO,PR China,a new milestone for the COREX technology could be *** module represents the up-scaling and the experiences made with the COREX currently being in *** in the raw material sector（price of coke,coking coal and steam coal,etc.）and the general increase of energy cost（natural gas,electric power,etc.）in combination with the positive experiences during the operation make it worth today to carefully evaluate the COREX technology in comparison with the blast furnace technology. Another development,the development of the FINEX（?） technology,is currently carried out by the operation of the FINEX Demonstration plant and by the installation of a FINEX 1.5M Plant having an annual capacity of 1.5 million tons hot metal at POSCO Pohang. One main focus of this presentation is laid on developments of the COREX technology,giving inside views about status of the operating COREX plants,new technological developments and factors endeavoring the COREX *** focus is laid on the FINEX process showing the status and the further steps in process development.

关键词： Hot metal iron making COREX FINEX siemens vai POSCO

Experiment and finite element method analysis mass erosion and transfer of Ag/La_2NiO_4-based electrical contacts during operation

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Rare metals 2013年第1期32卷 93-99页

作者： Song Chen Wei-Ming Guan Kun-Hua Zhang Zhi-Long Tan Ming Xie Kunming Institute of Precious metals State Key Laboratory of Advanced technologies for Comprehensive Utilization of Platinum metals

A uniform transient temperature field model of electrical contacts operation was found by analyzing the process of closing arc constriction resistance Joule heat ~ breaking arc. Essential parameters of Ag/La2NiO4 electrical contact material for transient temperature field calculation were obtained through tests of electrical contact experimental instrument under 18 V DC in different cur- rents, other correlation experiments, and calculation anal- ysis. The finite element method was applied to solve the transient temperature field, and the features and distribution of the transient temperature field were obtained. The condition of material erosion and mass transfer can be forecasted by those calculation results. It is beneficial to research about the lifetime of Ag/La2NiO4 electrical material.

关键词： Electrical contact Finite element Mass transfer Erosion Temperature field model

siemens vai Drives Innovation in Hot Strip Mill Automation:New Cooling Model Improves Manufacture of Multiphase Steels

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Siemens VAI Drives Innovation in Hot Strip Mill Automation:N...

2007中国钢铁年会

作者： Klaus Weinzierl Rainer Burger Otto Schmid siemens AG Industrial Solutions ＆ ServicesErlangen Metals Technologies Dr.-Ing. siemens AG Industrial Solutions ＆ ServicesErlangen Metals Technologies siemens AG Industrial Solutions ＆ ServicesErlangen Metals Technologies

＜正＞The successes of new materials are accompanied by an increase in the requirements that are placed on the classical material,*** is not only automotive companies that expect to gain an advantage from thinner but still very strong types of steel sheeting which makes their vehicles more efficient and more environmentally compatible;other branches of industry can also profit from strength-relevant load-bearing structures and energy-absorbing components made of dual-phase,multiphase or high-strength steels such as DP,TWIX and *** automation systems have an important influence in stable production of these materials in constant high and reproducible *** the control of the sequences and physical actuators in a hot strip mill,the permanent evolution of process models and technological control is crucial for a leading edge plant,In addition to the alloying elements,the cooling section is decisive for the properties of these *** and highly flexible control of the cooling process in the cooling section is therefore extremely ***,however,all models involving purely phenomenological determination of the transformation process have displayed weaknesses in respect of exact calculation of the temperature curve and especially the online control of the temporal temperature *** I＆S has now developed a new cooling section control system that uses the so-called Gibbs’ free enthatpy to calculate the steel transformation very precisely on the basis of a thermo dynamical *** means of a model-predictive control functions,the stipulated time curve of the temperature change in the cooling section is optimally adhered to for the whole steel strip within the limits of the plant in *** mills limited by valve and/or water flow mechanical layout,the construction of modem laminar cooling section has developed and created new arrangements and new types of headers to suit this new requirements in a way that new plants a

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Mechanical and electrical properties of Pd-Ru system doped with Zr, Mo, Y

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Rare metals 2012年第5期31卷 434-437页

作者： HU Jieqiong XIE Ming YANG Youcai ZHANG Jiming LIU Manmen State Key Laboratory of Advanced technologies for Comprehensive Utilization of Platinum metals Kunming Institute of Precious Metals Kunming 650106 China

The effect of Zr, Mo, Y dopant on mechanical and electrical properties of Pd-Ru binary alloy was investigated in this work. The alloys were prepared in a vacuum high-frequency melting furnace. X-ray diffraction and metallographic microscope were employed to detect the microstructures of alloys. Electric bridge and eddy current conductive instrument were employed to test the electrical resistivity, and the mechanical properties of alloys were tested by AG-X100KN-type tensile testing machine. The results show that adding rare metal elements into Pd-Ru system could refine the structure effectively and increase the melting point, density, tensile strength, and hardness of alloy, but the elongation and electrical conductivity of alloy decrease. © The Nonferrous metals Society of China and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012.

关键词： Alloys Bridge circuits Doping (additives) Eddy current testing Electric conductivity Materials testing apparatus Mechanical properties Molybdenum Palladium Solid solutions Tensile testing X ray diffraction Zirconium

siemens vai’s Next Generation Casting Technology for Ultimate Productivity and Flexibility

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Siemens VAI’s Next Generation Casting Technology for Ultima...

2007中国钢铁年会

作者： A. Flick A. Jungbauer O. Schulz K. Mrwald A. Bumberger siemens vai metals technologies GmbH ＆ Co. Turmstrasse 44 P.O.Box 4A-4031 Linz/Austria siemens vai metals technologies GmbH ＆ Co. Turmstrasse 44 P.O.Box 4A-4031 Linz/Austria siemens vai metals technologies GmbH ＆ Co. Turmstrasse 44 P.O.Box 4A-4031 Linz/Austria siemens vai metals technologies GmbH ＆ Co. Turmstrasse 44 P.O.Box 4A-4031 Linz/Austria siemens vai metals technologies GmbH ＆ Co. Turmstrasse 44 P.O.Box 4A-4031 Linz/Austria

＜正＞1 Introduction The very first attempts in Continuous Casting can be traced back to the mid- 1880’s and to pioneering work for Carbon Steels in 1940. Thanks to the development of oscillation by S. Junghans and the introduction of the negative strip by lain Halliday in the 1950’s, casting speeds could be increased to realistic values allowing to raise productivity of casters.

关键词： Caster ultimate productivity flexibility

High productivity slab casting of peritectic steel grades

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High productivity slab casting of peritectic steel grades

第八届全国连铸学术会议

作者： J. Watzinger A. Harvey A. Flick siemens vai metals technologies GmbH ＆ Co Turmstrasse 44 P.O Box 4 A-4031 Linz/Austria siemens vai metals technologies GmbH ＆ Co Turmstrasse 44 P.O Box 4 A-4031 Linz/Austria siemens vai metals technologies GmbH ＆ Co Turmstrasse 44 P.O Box 4 A-4031 Linz/Austria

＜正＞In the second half of 2004 NANJING Iron ＆ Steel Co.（NISCO）started up a new plate production facility based on converter steel making,wide slab casting,walking beam furnace and rolling by a combined plate/Steckel mill. The concept challenges the caster to produce 150 mm thick slabs up to 3.250 m wide at a high quality level, which are direct charged into the reheat *** variety of steel grades is demanding including pipe grades X65 and X80. In particular the sensitive peritectic steel grades at large slab width showed the most difficulties in regard to surface *** features together with casting technologies and liquid steel quality that have contributed to the successful production of defect-free slabs will be *** influence of cast parameters on slab quality at stable high steel throughput up to 5.5 tons per minute will be systematically shown gathered from several test cast sequences of peritectic steel in the range of 0.10 to 0.14% carbon including micro-alloying elements.

关键词： peritectic steel high speed casting

Simulation of Mould Level Velocities During Continuous Casting of Round Bloom Strands With Mould-Electromagnetic Stirring

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第S2期19卷 884-887页

作者： BARNAMartin JAVUREK Mirko REITER Jurgen WATZINGER Josef KAUFMANN Bernhard HACKL Gemot Institute for Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer Johannes-Kepler-University-Linz Voestalpine Stahl Donawitz GmbH and Co KG siemens vai metals technologies GmbH and Co Voestalpine Stahl GmbH RHI AG Technology Center Leoben

In modern continuous casting of round steel blooms rotating electromagnetic fields are commonly employed to improve the product ***-electromagnetic stirrers(M-EMS)are used to excite a rotary motion along the solidification front in the liquid *** velocities lead to a better strand surface quality as well as enhancing the transition from columnar to equiaxed *** the usage of electromagnetic stirrers is widespread,not all effects are fully known or *** to harsh conditions at the plant,measurements are scarce and *** model experiments-an established alternative for investigating continuous casting of steel-cannot be used due to the low electrical conductivity of *** with liquid metals like mercury,Galinstan or Wood’s metal are either expensive or difficult to *** numeric simulations are essential to gain a better understanding of the processes involved in continuous casting with electromagnetic *** numeric simulations should always be validated with experiments and/or *** the velocity field inside the liquid core of the bloom cannot be measured at the caster,the velocity at the mould level can be measured by dipping a nail into *** skull forming at the tip of the nail is directly linked to the occurring surface *** measurements can then be compared with numeric simulations of the nail dipping *** numeric model is restricted to the upper part of the *** lower part of the strand is also taken into account through adjusted boundary conditions(velocity field *** from a simulation of the whole strand).In this work the influence of the stirring field strength on the simulation results will be *** the future these nail dipping simulations will be validated with plant *** can then to a certain extentvalidate the simulation of the strand with M-EMS too,as it serves as the basis for the nail dipping model.

关键词： continuous casting of steel mould-electromagnetic stirring velocity measurements finite volume method