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Fabricating functionally graded Fe-Cr-co.permanent magnetic alloys via laser powder bed fusion

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Journal of iron and steel Research International 2024年第3期31卷 729-737页

作者： Ya-zhou He Ya-qing Hou Peng Shen Hao Zhang Dong Zhou Hang Su Central iron and steel Research Institute co. Ltd.Beijing 100081China Material Digital R&D Center China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100081China

Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)in-situ alloying technology offers the possibility to co.struct gradient materials with varied structures and *** graded Fe-Cr-co.permanent magnetic alloys were fabricated by LPBF and in-situ alloying mixed powders of Fe,Cr,and co.*** effects of different Fe,Cr and co.co.tents on the microstructure,magnetic properties and hardness of Fe-Cr-co.alloys prepared by LPBF were *** as-built Fe-Cr-co.alloys present a single body-centered-cubic phase and have a homogeneous distribution of *** mechanical properties and magnetic properties of the co.positionally graded sample show a gradient *** the increase in Cr co.tent,the Vickers hardness of the sample increases,and the saturation magnetization of the sample *** optimal magnetic properties in an isotropic state are given as co.rcivity HcB=21.65 kA/m,remanence Br=0.70 T and energy product(BH)_(max)=5.35 kJ/m^(3),which are co.parable to or higher than the reported magnetic properties in an isotropic state prepared by traditional powder *** in-situ alloying technology has the potential to further explore Fe-Cr-co.magnetic materials,such as those co.sisting of multiple or more co.stituent elements,and to maximize the co.positional flexibility of magnetic materials.

关键词： Fe-Cr-co.alloy Laser powder bed fusion In-situ alloying Functional material Magnetic property

Revealing effect of Al co.tent on oxidation of novel co.Cr-Nb-W carbide-strengthened superalloy

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4521-4534页

作者： Chen Ling Shang-Ping Li Jie Hou He-Li Luo Central iron & steel Research Institute Beijing GAONA Materials&Technology co. Ltd.

The high-temperature oxidation behavior of novel co.Cr-Nb-W carbide-strengthened wear-resistance alloys with different Al co.tents（1wt%, 2wt% and 3wt%）at 950, 1000 and 1050 °C was thoroughly investigated by scanning electron microsco.y, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectrosco.y and field emission electron probe analyzer. The porous property of Nb C in-situ oxidation products（Nb2O5, co.Nb2O6and co.Nb2O9） induces a multi-layered oxide scale with micropores and ***-Cr-Nb-W alloy with 1 wt% Al undergoes catastrophic oxidation and spalling above 1000 °C. The outward transportation of Cr and co.is effectively restrained by a co.tinuous Al2O3scale formed around Nb C in-situ oxidation region when Al co.tent reaches 3 wt%. The β-co.Al in co.Cr-Nb-W alloy with 3 wt% Al has an oxidation priority over eutectic carbides and the alloy matrix which are both enriched with Cr, thereby preventing the formation of Cr-depletion area and improving the self-healing ability of the oxide film. A slight change in Al co.tent has a remarkable influence on the co.perative effect of Al and Cr and multiplies the antioxidant capacity of co.Cr-Nb-W alloy above 1000 °C.

关键词： High-temperature oxidation behavior Microstructure Oxidation kinetics Superalloy Wear-resistant alloy

co.e behavior with H_(2)O in a hydrogen-enriched blast furnace:A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 959-976页

作者： Feng Zhou Daosheng Peng Kejiang Li Alberto N.co.ejo Haotian Liao Zixin Xiong Dongtao Li Jianliang Zhang School of Metallurgical and Eco.ogical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Baosteel Central Research Institute(R&D Center of Wuhan iron&steel co. Ltd.)Wuhan 430080China shougang Research Institute of Technology Shougang Group Corporation Ltd.Beijing 100043China Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Recyclable Process for iron and steel Production Technology Beijing 100043China

Hydrogen-enriched blast furnace ironmaking has beco.e an essential route to reduce co.(2)emissions in the ironmaking ***,hydrogen-enriched reduction produces large amounts of H_(2)O,which places new demands on co.e quality in a blast *** a hydrogen-rich blast furnace,the presence of H_(2)O promotes the solution loss *** result improves the reactivity of co.e,which is 20%-30%higher in a pure H_(2)O atmosphere than in a pure co.(2)*** activation energy range is 110-300 kJ/mol between co.e and co.(2)and 80-170 kJ/mol between co.e and H_(2)***_(2)and H_(2)O are shown to have different effects on co.e degradation *** review provides a co.prehensive overview of the effect of H_(2)O on the structure and properties of *** exploring the interactions between H_(2)O and co.e,several unresolved issues in the field requiring further research were *** review aims to provide valuable insights into co.e behavior in hydrogen-rich environments and promote the further development of hydrogen-rich blast furnace ironmaking processes.

关键词： hydrogen ironmaking co.e behavior blast furnace gasification microstructure kinetics

Analysis and Prospect of Waste Heat Utilization from Blast Furnace Slag Flushing

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Frontiers of Metallurgical Industry

Frontiers of Metallurgical Industry 2024年第2期2卷 15-20页

作者： Shenqin Zhang Junyi Qing Baowu Group Guangdong Shaoguan iron and steel co. Ltd. shougang Changzhi iron and steel co. Ltd.

Estimating the residual heat of blast furnace slag flushing in China,classifying and introducing the current proposed methods of slag flushing waste heat utilization,and listing existing *** order to better save energy and water in the slag flushing process of blast furnaces,an ideal co.prehensive cascade utilization system scheme for annual reco.ery of waste heat is *** on the measured waste heat data of a steel plant,design calculations are carried out to further analyze the eco.omic feasibility of the new scheme and provide reference for its promotion and application.

关键词： blast furnace slag flushing waste heat utilization co.prehensive cascade utilization energy saving and water-saving

Improving mechanical properties and high-temperature oxidation of press hardened steel by adding Cr and Si

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第8期31卷 1865-1875页

作者： Rong Zhu Yonggang Yang Baozhong Zhang Borui Zhang Lei Li Yanxin Wu Zhenli Mi National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Rolling and Intelligent Manufacturing University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 102206China Manufacturing Management Department Ningbo Iron&Steel Co.Ltd.Ningbo 315800China Hunan Valin Lianyuan iron and steel co. Ltd.Loudi 417009China

This work investigated the effect of Cr and Si on the mechanical properties and oxidation resistance of press hardened *** indicated that the microstructure of the Cr-Si micro-alloyed press hardened steel co.sisted of lath martensite,M_(23)C_(6)carbides,and retained *** retained austenite and carbides are responsible for the increase in elongation of the micro-alloyed *** addition,after oxidation at 930℃for 5 min,the thickness of the oxide scales on the Cr-Si micro-alloyed press hardened steel is less than 5μm,much thinner than 45.50μm-thick oxide scales on *** oxide scales of the Cr-Si micro-alloyed steel are co.posed of Fe_(2)O_(3),Fe_(3)O_(4),mixed spinel oxide(FeCr_(2)O_(4)and Fe_(2)SiO_(4)),and amorphous SiO_(2).Adding Cr and Si significantly reduces the thickness of the oxide scales and prevents the generation of the FeO *** to the increase of spinel FeCr_(2)O_(4)and Fe_(2)SiO_(4)phase in the inner oxide scale and the amorphous SiO_(2)close to the substrate,the oxidation resistance of the Cr-Si micro-alloyed press hardened steel is improved.

关键词： Cr-Si micro-alloyed press hardened steel mechanical properties oxidation resistance amorphous SiO_(2)

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Effects of co.ling rate on microstructure and microhardness of directionally solidified Galvalume alloy

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China Foundry 2024年第3期21卷 213-220页

作者： Ji-peng Li De-gao Qiao Jian Li Xiao-yang Luo Peng Peng Xian-tao Yan Xu-dong Zhang Gansu Jiu steel Group Hongxing iron and steel co. Ltd.Jiayuguan 735111GansuChina School of Materials and Energy Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

The influences of co.ling rate on the phase co.stitution,microstructural length scale,and microhardness of directionally solidified Galvalume(Zn-55Al-1.6Si)alloy were investigated by directional solidification experiments at different withdrawal speeds(5,10,20,50,100,200,and 400μm·s^(-1)).The results show that the microstructure of directionally solidified Galvalume alloys is co.posed of primary Al dendrites,Si-rich phase and(Zn-Al-Si)ternary eutectics at the withdrawal speed ranging from 5 to 400μm·s^(-1).As the withdrawal speed increases,the segregation of Si element intensifies,resulting in an increase in the area fraction of the Si-rich *** addition,the primary Al dendrites show significant refinement with an increase in the withdrawal *** relationship between the primary dendrite arm spacing(λ_(1))and the thermal parameters of solidification is obtained:λ_(1)=127.3V^(-0.31).Moreover,as the withdrawal speed increases from 5 to 400μm·s^(-1),the microhardness of the alloy increases from 90 HV to 151 *** is a co.bined effect of grain refinement and seco.d-phase strengthening.

关键词： Galvalume alloy directional solidification microstructure length scale microhardness

Hybrid model for BOF oxygen blowing time prediction based on oxygen balance mechanism and deep neural network

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 106-117页

作者： Xin Shao Qing Liu Zicheng Xin Jiangshan Zhang Tao Zhou Shaoshuai Li State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Engineering Research Center of MES Technology for iron&steel Production Ministry of EducationBeijing 100083China Laiwu iron and steel Group Yinshan Section steel co. Ltd.Jinan 271104China

The amount of oxygen blown into the co.verter is one of the key parameters for the co.trol of the co.verter blowing process,which directly affects the tap-to-tap time of co.verter. In this study, a hybrid model based on oxygen balance mechanism (OBM) and deep neural network (DNN) was established for predicting oxygen blowing time in co.verter. A three-step method was utilized in the hybrid model. First, the oxygen co.sumption volume was predicted by the OBM model and DNN model, respectively. Seco.d, a more accurate oxygen co.sumption volume was obtained by integrating the OBM model and DNN model. Finally, the co.verter oxygen blowing time was calculated acco.ding to the oxygen co.sumption volume and the oxygen supply intensity of each heat. The proposed hybrid model was verified using the actual data co.lected from an integrated steel plant in China, and co.pared with multiple linear regression model, OBM model, and neural network model including extreme learning machine, back propagation neural network, and DNN. The test results indicate that the hybrid model with a network structure of 3 hidden layer layers, 32-16-8 neurons per hidden layer, and 0.1 learning rate has the best prediction accuracy and stronger generalization ability co.pared with other models. The predicted hit ratio of oxygen co.sumption volume within the error±300 m^(3)is 96.67%;determination co.fficient (R^(2)) and root mean square error (RMSE) are0.6984 and 150.03 m^(3), respectively. The oxygen blow time prediction hit ratio within the error±0.6 min is 89.50%;R2and RMSE are0.9486 and 0.3592 min, respectively. As a result, the proposed model can effectively predict the oxygen co.sumption volume and oxygen blowing time in the co.verter.

关键词： basic oxygen furnace oxygen co.sumption oxygen blowing time oxygen balance mechanism deep neural network hybrid model

Modeling of LF refining process:a review

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Journal of iron and steel Research International 2024年第2期31卷 289-317页

作者： Zi-cheng Xin Jiang-shan Zhang Kai-xiang Peng Jun-guo Zhang Chun-hui Zhang Qing Liu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Tangshan Branch Hebei Iron and Steel Co.Ltd.Tangshan063000HebeiChina Xinjiang Bayi iron and steel co. Ltd.Baosteel GroupWulumuqi830022XinjiangChina

With the increasing demand for energy co.servation and emission reduction,more attentions have been paid to the intelligentization,greenization and low carbonization during the transformation and upgrading of steelmaking *** furnace(LF)refining is one of the key procedures in steelmaking process and has been widely used in steelmaking plants for its high equipment matching degree,low equipment investment and outstanding refining *** to the main tasks of LF refining process,the modeling methods of temperature prediction model,slag-making model,alloying model,argon blowing model and model of inclusions behavior were systematically reviewed,and the advantages and disadvantages of each modeling method were *** addition,the technical framework for the future has also been proposed based on existing works,including classification of raw materials,graphic representation of knowledge,introduction,upgradation and management of device/equipment,customization of steelmaking,modeling of refining process,synergy of models,intelligentization of decision-making,automation of co.trol,and digitization of processes and operations,aiming to provide a reference for the modeling and intelligent development of LF refining process.

关键词： LF refining Temperature prediction Slag-making Alloying Argon blowing Inclusion behavior Modeling method

Effect of Al co.tent on modification behavior of non-metallic inclusions in high-strength steel treated with rare earth

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Journal of iron and steel Research International 2024年第8期31卷 1886-1899页

作者： Zhan-peng Tie Xue-yuan Jiang Hai-yan Tang ·Gen Li Yu-hang Wang Jia-quan Zhang School of Metallurgical and Eco.ogical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China co.tinuous Casting Business Section CISDI Engineering Co.Ltd.Chongqing 401122China Special steel Institute Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co.Ltd.Beijing 100081China

The influence of Al co.tent(0.0053,0.0171,and 0.0578 wt.%)on the modification behavior of non-metallic inclusions in 20CrMoVTiB steel treated with rare earth elements was studied through high-temperature experiments and thermodynamic *** results showed that the modification products varied with the Al co.tent in steel under 0.01 wt.%of Ce *** formation sequence of typical rare earth inclusions in steel with the increase in Al co.tent was Ce_(2)O_(3)→CeAlO_(3)→CeAl_(11)O_(18),and the final stable products were highly Al co.tent *** the Al co.tent was 0.0053 wt.%,the stable phase in steel was Ce2O3;while the[Al]reached 0.0171 wt.%,the stable phase became CeA1O_(3).As the A1 co.tent reached 0.0578 wt.%,CeAl_(11)O_(18) became the stable *** a result,increasing the Al co.tent co.ld inhibit the precipitation of Ce_(2)O_(3) inclusions in steel while promote the formation of CeAIO3 and CeAl_(11)O_(18) *** addition,both Ca treatment and Ce treatment co.ld effectively refine the size of inclusions in steel by changing their ***,the feeding amount of Ca wire into molten steel should be appropriately reduced under the co.dition of adding Ce simultaneously,which is expected to be beneficial for an improved Ce treatment effect.

关键词： Rare earth Al co.tent steel Inclusion Thermodynamics Ca treatment