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Vitamin D-binding protein in plasma microglia-derived extracellular vesicles as a potential biomarker for major depressive disorder

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 1009-1021页

作者： Gaojia Zhang Ling Li Yan kong Dandan Xu Yu Bao Zhiting Zhang Zhixiang Liao Jiao Jiao Dandan Fan Xiaojing Long Ji Dai Chunming Xie Zhiqiang Meng Zhijun Zhang Department of Neurology Affiliated Zhongda HospitalResearch Institution of NeuropsychiatrySchool of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210009China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210009China shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)ShenzhenGuangdong 518000China CAS Key Laboratory of brain Connectome and Manipulation The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI)Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China Lauterbur research Center for Biomedical Imaging Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China shenzhen-hong kong institute of brain sciences-shenzhen fundamental research institutions ShenzhenGuangdong 518000China brain Cognition and brain Disease institute Department of Mental Health and Public HealthFaculty of Life and Health SciencesShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China

No well-established biomarkers are available for the clinical diagnosis of major depressive disorder(MDD).Vitamin D-binding protein(VDBP)is altered in plasma and postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)tissues of MDD ***,the role of VDBP as a potential biomarker of MDD diagnosis was further *** extracellular vesicles(EVs)and brain cell-derived EVs(BCDEVs)were isolated from the plasma of first-episode drug-naïve or drug-free MDD patients and well-matched healthy controls(HCs)in discovery(20 MDD patients and 20 HCs)and validation cohorts(88 MDD patients and 38 HCs).VDBP level in the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)from chronic glucocorticoid-induced depressed rhesus macaques or prelimbic cortex from lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced depressed mice and wild control groups was measured to evaluate its relationship with VDBP in plasma microglia-derived extracellular vesicles(MDEVs).VDBP was significantly decreased in MDD plasma MDEVs compared to HCs,and negatively correlated with HAMD-24 score with the highest diagnostic accuracy among *** in plasma MDEVs was decreased both in depressed rhesus macaques and mice.A positive correlation of VDBP in MDEVs with that in CSF was detected in depressed rhesus *** levels in prelimbic cortex microglia were negatively correlated with those in plasma MDEVs in depressed *** main results suggested that VDBP in plasma MDEVs might serve as a prospective candidate biomarker for MDD diagnosis.

关键词： Biomarker Cerebrospinal fluid Major depressive disorder Microglia derived extracellular vesicles Vitamin-D binding protein

Multi-region calcium imaging in freely behaving mice with ultra-compact head-mounted fluorescence microscopes

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 161-173页

作者： Feng Xue Fei Li Ke-ming Zhang Lufeng Ding Yang Wang Xingtao Zhao Fang Xu Danke Zhang Mingzhai Sun Pak-Ming Lau Qingyuan Zhu Pengcheng Zhou Guo-Qiang Bi institute of Artiflcial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instruments University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Interdisciplinary Center for brain Information the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Faculty of Life and Health sciences Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Life sciences University of Science and Technology of China institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Modern Life sciences and Biotecnology Xiongan Institute of Innovation Xiongan New Area shenzhen-hong kong institute of brain Science-shenzhen fundamental research institutions Suzhou institute for Advanced research University of Science and Technology of China

To investigate the circuit-level neural mechanisms of behavior, simultaneous imaging of neuronal activity in multiple cortical and subcortical regions is highly desired. Miniature head-mounted microscopes offer the capability of calcium imaging in freely behaving animals. However, implanting multiple microscopes on a mouse brain remains challenging due to space constraints and the cumbersome weight of the ***, we present TINIscope, a Tightly Integrated Neuronal Imaging microscope optimized for electronic and opto-mechanical design. With its compact and lightweight design of 0.43 g, TINIscope enables unprecedented simultaneous imaging of behavior-relevant activity in up to four brain regions in ***-of-concept experiments with TINIscope recorded over 1000 neurons in four hippocampal subregions and revealed concurrent activity patterns spanning across these regions. Moreover, we explored potential multi-modal experimental designs by integrating additional modules for optogenetics, electrical stimulation or local field potential recordings. Overall, TINIscope represents a timely and indispensable tool for studying the brain-wide interregional coordination that underlies unrestrained behaviors.

关键词： miniature microscope multiple sites calcium imaging multimodal integration hippocampus

A Non-canonical Excitatory PV RGC–PV SC Visual Pathway for Mediating the Looming-evoked Innate Defensive Response

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第3期40卷 310-324页

作者： Man Yuan Sen Jin Gao Tan Siyuan Song Yizong Liu Huadong Wang Yin Shen Eye Center Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhan430060China The brain Cognition and brain Disease institute Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for BiomedicineShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsNational Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal ProductsShenzhen Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based TherapeuticsGuangdong Provincial Medical Products AdministrationShenzhen518055China Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological research institute Baylor College of MedicineHouston77030USA State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological SystemsWuhan Center for Magnetic ResonanceInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyCASWuhan430071China Frontier Science Center of Immunology and Metabolism Medical Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhan430071China

Parvalbumin-positive retinal ganglion cells(PV+RGCs)are an essential subset of RGCs found in various ***,their role in transmitting visual information remains ***,we characterized PV+RGCs in the retina and explored the functions of the PV+RGC-mediated visual *** applying multiple viral tracing strategies,we investigated the downstream of PV+RGCs across the whole ***,we found that the PV+RGCs provided direct monosynaptic input to PV+excitatory neurons in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus(SC).Ablation or suppression of SC-projecting PV+RGCs abolished or severely impaired the flight response to looming visual stimuli in mice without affecting visual ***,using transcriptome expression profiling of individual cells and immunofluorescence colocalization for RGCs,we found that PV+RGCs are predominant glutamatergic ***,our findings indicate the critical role of PV+RGCs in an innate defensive response and suggest a non-canonical subcortical visual pathway from excitatory PV+RGCs to PV+SC neurons that regulates looming visual *** results provide a potential target for intervening and treating diseases related to this circuit,such as schizophrenia and autism.

关键词： Parvalbumin-positive retinal ganglion cell Innate fear Superior colliculus Excitatory-excitatory neuronal connection Looming-evoked defensive response Subcortical pathway

Emergent symmetry in quantum phase transition:From deconfined quantum critical point to gapless quantum spin liquid

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Science Bulletin 2024年第2期69卷 190-196页

作者： Wen-Yuan Liu Shou-Shu Gong Wei-Qiang Chen Zheng-Cheng Gu Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of TechnologyPasadena CA 91125USA School of Physical sciences Great Bay UniversityDongguan 523000China Great Bay institute for Advanced Study Dongguan 523000China Department of Physics and shenzhen institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

The emergence of exotic quantum phenomena in frustrated magnets is rapidly driving the development of quantum many-body physics,raising fundamental questions on the nature of quantum phase *** we unveil the behaviour of emergent symmetry involving two extraordinarily representative phenomena,i.e.,the deconfined quantum critical point(DQCP)and the quantum spin liquid(QSL)*** large-scale tensor network simulations,we study a spatially anisotropic spin-1/2 square-lattice frustrated antiferromagnetic(AFM)model,namely the J1x-J1y-J2 model,which contains anisotropic nearestneighbor couplings J1x,J1y and the next nearest neighbor coupling *** small J1y/J1x,by tuning J2,a direct continuous transition between the AFM and valence bond solid phase is *** growing J1y/J1x,a gapless QSL phase gradually emerges between the AFM and VBS *** observe an emergent O(4)symmetry along the AFM–VBS transition line,which is consistent with the prediction of DQCP *** surprisingly,we find that such an emergent O(4)symmetry holds for the whole QSL–VBS transition line as *** findings reveal the intrinsic relationship between the QSL and DQCP from categorical symmetry point of view,and strongly constrain the quantum field theory description of the QSL *** phase diagram and critical exponents presented in this paper are of direct relevance to future experiments on frustrated magnets and cold atom systems.

关键词： Tensor network Quantum phase transition Emergent symmetry Quantum spin liquid Deconfined quantum critical point Anisotropic

Acoustic Purcell effect induced by quasibound state in the continuum

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fundamental research 2024年第1期4卷 57-62页

作者： Sibo Huang Shuhuan Xie He Gao Tong Hao Shuang Zhang Tuo Liu Yong Li Jie Zhu institute of Acoustics School of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Physics The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Key Laboratory of Noise and Vibration research Institute of AcousticsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China The hong kong Polytechnic University shenzhen research institute Shenzhen 518057China

We study theoretically and experimentally the acoustic Purcell effect induced by quasi-bound states in the continuum(quasiBICs).A theoretical framework describing the acoustic Purcell effect of a resonant system is developed based on the system’s radiative and dissipative factors,which reveals the critical emission condition for achieving optimum Purcell *** show that the quasiBICs contribute to highly confined acoustic field and bring about greatly enhanced acoustic emission,leading to strong Purcell *** concept is demonstrated via two coupled resonators supporting a Friedrich-Wintgen quasiBIC,and the theoretical results are validated by the experiments observing emission enhancement of the sound source by nearly two orders of *** work bridges the gap between the acoustic Purcell effect and acoustic BICs essential for enhanced wave-matter interaction and acoustic emission,which may contribute to the research of high-intensity sound sources,high-quality-factor acoustic devices and nonlinear acoustics.

关键词： Acoustic Purcell effect Bound state in the continuum Mode coupling Sound emission enhancement High-quality-factor acoustic device

Recent advances in small-scale hydrogel-based robots for adaptive biomedical applications

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Nano research 2024年第2期17卷 649-662页

作者： Mingzhe Nie Qilong Zhao Xuemin Du institute of Biomedical&Health Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology(SIAT)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Shenzhen 518055China

Small-scale robots,ranging in size from micrometers to centimeters,have gained significant attention in the biomedical ***,conventional small-scale robots made of rigid materials encounter challenges in adapting themselves to the soft tissues and complicated environments of human *** to the rigid counterpart,small-scale hydrogel-based robots hold great promises due to their tissue-like low modulus,outstanding biocompatibility and accessible stimuli-responsive *** attributes offer small-scale hydrogel-based robots with multimodal locomotion and reinforced functions,further enhancing the adaptability in manipulation and tasks execution for various biomedical *** this review,we present recent advances in small-scale hydrogel-based *** first summarize the design principles of small-scale hydrogel-based robots including materials,fabrication techniques and manipulation strategies,then highlighting their upgraded functions and adaptive biomedical ***,we discuss existing challenges and future perspectives for small-scale hydrogel-based robots.

关键词： small-scale robot hydrogel locomotion multi-function adaptability

Aerodynamic Super-Repellent Surfaces

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research 2024年第2期2023卷 115-122页

作者： Fanfei Yu Jinlong Yang Ran Tao Yao Tan Jinpei Wang Dehui Wang Longquan Chen Zuankai Wang Xu Deng institute of fundamental and Frontier sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054P.R.China Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077P.R.China School of Physics.University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054P.R.China Department of Mechanical Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077P.R.China shenzhen institute for Advanced Study University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaShenzhen 518110P.R.China

Repelling liquid drops from engineering surfaces has attracted great attention in a variety of *** achieve efficient liquid shedding,delicate surface textures are often introduced to sustain air pockets at the liquid-solid ***,those surfaces are prone to suffer from mechanical failure,which may bring reliability issues and thus limits their ***,inspired by the aerodynamic Leidenfrost effect,we present that impacting drops are directionally repelled from smooth surfaces supplied with an exogenous air *** theoretical analysis reveals that the synchronized nonwetting and oblique bouncing behavior is attributed to the aerodynamic force arising from the air *** versatility and practicability of our approach allow for drop repellency without the aid of any surface wettability treatment and also avoid the consideration of mechanical stability issues,which thereby provides a promising candidate for the applications that necessitate liquid shedding,e.g.,resolve the problem of tiny raindrop adhesion on the automobile side window during driving.

关键词： thereby driving attributed

Efficient Photolytic Halogenation and Oxidation of Unactivated Alkyl sp^(3) C—H Bonds with Iodine(III)

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第5期42卷 505-510页

作者： Hao Jia Nan Li Chunmei Tang Yajuan Wang Yonghao Xi Rongbao Liao Wei Xu Fufang Wu Xiaobao Shen hongbin Zhai Biomass Oligosaccharides Engineering Technology research Center of Anhui Province Engineering Research Center of Biomass Conversion and Pollution Prevention of Anhui Educational InstitutionsFuyang Normal UniversityFuyangAnhui236037 China institute of Marine Biomedicine Shenzhen PolytechnicShenzhenGuangdong518055 China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nano Drug Slow-ReleasePeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhenGuangdong518055 China

A metal-free,green,and sustainable functionalization of unactivated alkyl sp^(3) C—H bonds is reported using iodine(III)as a feasible dehydrogenation agent under visible light or KBr,and alkyl chlorides,bromides,alcohols,and ketones could be constructed by addition of different coupling *** and safe iodobenzene diacetate was used to form a radical to activate the alkyl sp^(3) C—H bond in a highly efficient manner,which can construct different alkylation products by adding corresponding coupling reagents.

关键词： Alkyl sp^(3)C—H bonds Chlorination Bromination Oxidation Iodine(III) C—H activation Radical Photocatalysis

Advanced Strategies for Overcoming Endosomal/Lysosomal Barrier in Nanodrug Delivery

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research 2024年第1期2023卷 315-337页

作者： Chong Qiu Fei Xia Junzhe Zhang Qiaoli Shi Yuqing Meng Chen Wang Huanhuan Pang Liwei Gu Chengchao Xu Qiuyan Guo Jigang Wang Artemisinin research Center and Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China Department of Nephrology and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for GeriatricsShenzhen People's HospitalThe First Affiliated HospitalSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong 518020China

Nanocarriers have therapeutic potential to facilitate drug delivery,including biological agents,smallmolecule drugs,and nucleic ***,their efficiency is limited by several factors;among which,endosomal/lysosomal degradation after endocytosis is the most *** review summarizes advanced strategies for overcoming endosomal/lysosomal barriers to efficient nanodrug delivery based on the perspective of cellular uptake and intracellular transport *** strategies include promoting endosomal/lysosomal escape,using non-endocytic methods of delivery to directly cross the cell membrane to evade endosomes/lysosomes and making a detour pathway to evade endosomes/*** the basis of the findings of this review,we proposed several promising strategies for overcoming endosomal/lysosomal barriers through the smarter and more efficient design of nanodrug delivery systems for future clinical applications.

关键词： somal drugs finding