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Research on the ecological risk of heavy metals in the soil around a Pb–Zn mine in the Huize County, China

Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2015年第4期34卷 540-549页

作者： Sijin Lu Yanguo Teng Yeyao Wang Jing Wu Jinsheng Wang China National environmental monitoring centre College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal University

The soil pollution by heavy metals was characterized in the mine tailings and surrounding soils of an old Pb–Zn mine in Huize County. Three hundred and ninety-six samples of agricultural and non-agricultural soil were analyzed for the total metal concentration by acid digestion and sixty-eight selected soil samples were used to determine the chemical fractionation of heavy metals with the modified BCR sequential extraction method. The pollution index of the heavy metals indices for As, Cd, Cr, Cu,Hg, Pb and Zn of non-agricultural soil and agricultural soils in the study area indicated the spreading of heavy metal pollution. Sequential extraction showed that most of Cd existed in an exchangeable form(31.2 %). The available content of Pb, Cu and Zn was mainly distributed in acid extractable fractions and Fe/Mn oxide fractions(27.9, 30 and 27.2 %), and Hg, As and Cr were mainly associated with residual fractions(90.4, 72.9 and 76.8 %). The risks of heavy metals were also evaluated by the risk assessment code(RAC) and potential ecological risk index, respectively. The results of RAC showed a medium and high risk of Cd(45.6 and 54.4 %), medium risk of Zn(100 %), low and medium risk of Cu(41.2 and 58.8 %), largely no risk of Hg(97.1 %), and mainly low risk of As and Pb(92.6and 91.8 %). The range of the potential ecological risk of soil was 58.2–1839.3, revealing a considerably high ecological risk in the study area, most likely related to acid mine drainage and the mining complexes located in the area. The results can be used during the ecological risk screening stage, in conjunction with the total concentrations and metal fractionation values, to better estimate ecological risk.

关键词：土壤重金属污染潜在生态风险铅锌矿山会泽县连续提取法农业土壤中国酸性矿山排水

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Toxicity mechanisms and bioavailability of copper to fish based on an adverse outcome pathway analysis

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 495-507页

作者： Wei Liao Ziwei Zhu Chenglian Feng Zhenfei Yan Yajun Hong Daqing Liu Xiaowei Jin State Key Laboratory of environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Wetland Research Center Jiangxi Academy of ForestryNanchang 330032China Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization Ministry of EducationSchool of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringNanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China Jiangxi Irrigation Experiment Central Station Nanchang 330201China China National environmental monitoring centre Beijing 100012China

Copper(Cu)exists in a variety of forms in different aquatic environments,and affects their bioavailability.In this study we provide a systematic review on toxicity of Cu which focuses on identifying evidence in the mechanisms of Cu toxicity,and apply an adverse outcome pathway(AOP)analysis to identify multiple potential mechanisms and their interactions of Cu toxicity to fish.This analysis process included the mechanisms of behavior toxicant,oxidative toxicant,ion regulation disruption toxicity,as well as endocrine disruption toxicity.It was found that at low levels of Cu exposure,swimming,avoid predators,locating prey and other sensory functions will be impaired,and the organism will suffer from metabolic alkalosis and respiratory acidosis following the inhibition of the carbonic anhydrase active.The main pathway of acute toxicity of Cu to fish is the inhibition of the Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase enzyme,and lead to reduced intracellular sodium absorption,as well as Cu-induced increased cell permeability,in turn resulting in increased sodium ion loss,leading to cardiovascular collapse and respiratory insufficiency.The endocrine disruption toxicity of Cu to fish caused growth inhibition and reproductive reduction.In addition,there are several key pathways of Cu toxicity that are affected by hardness(e.g.,Ca^(2+))and intracellular DOC concentrations,including inhibiting Cu-induction,improving branchial gas exchange,altering membrane transport functions,decreasing Na+loss,and increasing Na+uptake.The results of the AOP analysis will provide a robust framework for future directed research on the mechanisms of Cu toxicity.

关键词： Copper Toxic effect Adverse outcome pathway Aquatic environment Risk assessment

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Study on Quantitative Precipitation Estimation by Polarimetric Radar Using Deep Learning

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1147-1160页

作者： Jiang HUANGFU Zhiqun HU Jiafeng ZHENG Lirong WANG Yongjie ZHU State Key Lab of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Meteorological observatory of Jiangxi Province Nanchang 330096China Hebei Meteorological Disaster Prevention and environmental Meteorological Center Shijiazhuang 050021China School of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China

Accurate radar quantitative precipitation estimation(QPE)plays an essential role in disaster prevention and mitigation.In this paper,two deep learning-based QPE networks including a single-parameter network and a multi-parameter network are designed.Meanwhile,a self-defined loss function(SLF)is proposed during modeling.The dataset includes Shijiazhuang S-band dual polarimetric radar(CINRAD/SAD)data and rain gauge data within the radar’s 100-km detection range during the flood season of 2021 in North China.Considering that the specific propagation phase shift(KDP)has a roughly linear relationship with the precipitation intensity,KDP is set to 0.5°km^(-1 )as a threshold value to divide all the rain data(AR)into a heavy rain(HR)and light rain(LR)dataset.Subsequently,12 deep learning-based QPE models are trained according to the input radar parameters,the precipitation datasets,and whether an SLF was adopted,respectively.The results suggest that the effects of QPE after distinguishing rainfall intensity are better than those without distinguishing,and the effects of using SLF are better than those that used MSE as a loss function.A Z-R relationship and a ZH-KDP-R synthesis method are compared with deep learning-based QPE.The mean relative errors(MRE)of AR models using SLF are improved by 61.90%,51.21%,and 56.34%compared with the Z-R relational method,and by 38.63%,42.55%,and 47.49%compared with the synthesis method.Finally,the models are further evaluated in three precipitation processes,which manifest that the deep learning-based models have significant advantages over the traditional empirical formula methods.

关键词： polarimetric radar quantitative precipitation estimation deep learning single-parameter network multi-parameter network

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β-Correction Spectrophotometric Determination of Cadmium with Cadion

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 1995年第1期14卷 93-96页

作者：郜洪文 Huaibei environmental monitoring centre Anhui Province Huaibei

Cadmium has been determined by β-correction spectrophotometry with cadion,p-nitrobenzenediazoaminoaz-obenzone,and a non-ionic surfactant,tuiton X-100.The real absorbance of a Cd-cadion chelate in the colored solution can be accurately determined and the complex-ratio of cadion with Cd(II) has been worked out to be 2.Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range of 0-0.20mg/1 cadmium and the detec-tion limit for cadmium is only 0.003mg/1.Satisfactory experimental results are presented with respect to the determination of trace cadmium in wastewaters.

关键词：镉试镉灵分光光度法重金属污染废水示踪作用

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Low-Voltage IGZO Field-Effect Ultraviolet Photodiode

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第6期41卷 156-161,I0001-I0003页

作者：宋双梁会力霍文星张广张永晖王绩梅增霞 Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Physics Liaoning UniversityShenyang 110036China Department of Instruments Science and Technology School of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China National Key Laboratory of Scattering and Radiation Beijing 100039China School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255000China

In the era of Internet of Things(Io Ts),an energy-efficient ultraviolet(UV)photodetector(PD)is highly desirable considering the massive usage scenarios such as environmental sterilization,fire alarm and corona discharge monitoring.So far,common self-powered UV PDs are mainly based on metal-semiconductor heterostructures or p–n heterojunctions,where the limited intrinsic built-in electric field restricts further enhancement of the photoresponsivity.In this work,an extremely low-voltage field-effect UV PD is proposed using a gatedrain shorted amorphous IGZO(a-IGZO)thin film transistor(TFT)architecture.A combined investigation of the experimental measurements and technology computer-aided design(TCAD)simulations suggests that the reverse current(ⅠR)of field-effect diode(FED)is highly related with the threshold voltage(Vth)of the parental TFT,implying an enhancement-mode TFT is preferable to fabricate the field-effect UV PD with low dark current.Driven by a low bias of-0.1 V,decent UV response has been realized including large UV/visible(R_(300)/R_(550))rejection ratio(1.9×10^(3)),low dark current(1.15×10^(-12)A)as well as high photo-to-dark current ratio(PDCR,~10^(3))and responsivity(1.89 A/W).This field-effect photodiode provides a new platform to construct UV PDs with well-balanced photoresponse performance at a low bias,which is attractive for designs of large-scale smart sensor networks with high energy efficiency.

关键词： IGZO attractive ultraviolet

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Emissions from the combustion of eucalypt and pine chips in a fluidized bed reactor

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2016年第4期28卷 246-258页

作者： E.D.Vicente L.A.C.Tarelho E.R.Teixeira M.Duarte T.Nunes C.Colombi V.Gianelle G.O.da Rocha A.Sanchez de la Campa C.A.Alves centre for environmental and Marine Studies Department of Environment and PlanningUniversity of Aveiro Regional centre for Air Quality monitoring Environmental Monitoring Sector ARPA Federal University of Bahia Chemical Institute40170-290Campus de Ondina centre for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CIQSO) Joint Research Unit to CSIC "Atmospheric Pollution"University of HuelvaCampus El Carmen

Interest in renewable energy sources has increased in recent years due to environmental concerns about global warming and air pollution,reduced costs and improved efficiency of technologies.Under the European Union（EU）energy directive,biomass is a suitable renewable source.The aim of this study was to experimentally quantify and characterize the emission of particulate matter（PM（2.5））resulting from the combustion of two biomass fuels（chipped residual biomass from pine and eucalypt）,in a pilot-scale bubbling fluidized bed（BFB）combustor under distinct operating conditions.The variables evaluated were the stoichiometry and,in the case of eucalypt,the leaching of the fuel.The CO and PM（2.5）emission factors were lower when the stoichiometry used in the experiments was higher（0.33±0.1 g CO/kg and 16.8±1.0 mg PM（2.5）/kg,dry gases）.The treatment of the fuel by leaching before its combustion has shown to promote higher PM（2.5）emissions（55.2±2.5 mg/kg,as burned）.Organic and elemental carbon represented 3.1 to 30 wt.% of the particle mass,while carbonate（CO3^（2-））accounted for between 2.3 and 8.5 wt.%.The particulate mass was mainly composed of inorganic matter（71% to 86% of the PM（2.5）mass）.Compared to residential stoves,BFB combustion generated very high mass fractions of inorganic elements.Chloride was the water soluble ion in higher concentration in the PM（2.5）emitted by the combustion of eucalypt,while calcium was the dominant water soluble ion in the case of pine.

关键词： Biomass Combustion Fluidized bed PM2.5emissions Chemical composition

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Flow Injection Semi-online Preconcentration Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry for Determination of Cadmium,Copper and Manganese

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2002年第1期18卷 1-7页

作者： ZHANG Yi-hua, WANG Mei-jia, SU Xing-guang, ZHENG Tao, ZHANG Han-qi and JIN Qin-han Department of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. ChinaCHEN YingJilin environmental monitoring centre, Changchun 130011, P. R. China Department of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Changchun 130023 Jilin environmental monitoring centre Changchun 130011

A micro-flow injection sorbent extraction preconcentration system was combined with a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry that formed an integrated system for the determination of trace amounts of elements. The analytical performances of the prospsed method for determining Cd, Cu and Mn were studied. The analytes were preconcentrated with a thiol resin(Type 190, produced by Nankai University, China) whose active group is -SH. The elements to be determined were preconcentrated onto the column for 60 s and then rinsed with deionized water and eluted with 30 μL of 1 mol/L HCl. The graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry(GFAAS) determination of the concentrated analyte was carried out in parallel with the next preconcentration cycle. Enrichment factors 41, 22 and 20 and detection limits(3 σ , n =10) 0.36, 3.8 and 7.0 ng/L for Cd, Cu and Mn, respectively, along with a sampling frequency of 20 h -1 , were obtained with a 60 s loading time at a sample flow rate of 3.5 mL/min. The analytical results for a number of water samples show that the flow-injection semi-online column preconcentration can not only eliminate the effect of some concomitant elements, such as Li, Na, K, Ca and Mg, on the determination of the analyte, but also enhance the sensitivity.

关键词： Flow-injection Semi-online preconcentration Atomic absorption spectrometry,Cadmium,Copper,Manganese

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Analysis on variation characteristics of geothermal response in Liaoning Province

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2017年第4期5卷 336-342页

作者： ZHU Wei TANG Wen LIU Qiang ZHANG Mei-gui shenyang geological survey center of Geological Survey of China Shenyang 110034China Liaoning Geo-environmental monitoring Station Shenyang 110034China

Due to energy shortage and increasing environmental awareness, resources in shallow underground space have been rapidly exploited and utilized. So that studying variation characteristics of geothermal response in gneiss is necessary for effective and rational use of underground heat. Based on field test of thermal response in gneiss under hydrogeological survey project carried out in shallow geothermal energy development zone in Liaoning Province, this thesis analyzes mathematical statistics of geothermal response characteristics in main gneiss of Laoning Province. The initial formation temperature ranges from 10.80℃ to 15.80℃ according to field test. The statistical results show that in the condition of natural water content, the average thermal conductivity of Quaternary loose rocks comes as clay medium sand> clay. This order is opposite to the absolute value of temperature recovery curve slope of corresponding lithology, which shows that the stratum with higher temperature recovery rate has lower temperature recovery curve slope.

关键词： Average initial formation temperature Average thermal conductivity Formation temperature recovery Thermal response Liaoning Province

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Sedimentary record of climate change in a high latitude fjord—Kongsfjord

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第1期42卷 91-102页

作者： Hang Wu Binbin Deng Jinlong Wang Sheng Zeng Juan Du Peng Yu Qianqian Bi Jinzhou Du State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China monitoring Center of Aquatic Environment of Pearl River Basin Guangzhou510611China Research centre for Eco-environmental Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan523808China Big Data Institute of Digital Natural Disaster monitoring in Fujian Xiamen University of TechnologyXiamen361024China

The sedimentary record of climate change in the Arctic region is useful for understanding global warming.Kongsfjord is located in the subpolar region of the Arctic and is a suitable site for studying climate change.Glacier retreat is occurring in this region due to climate change,leading to an increase in meltwater outflow with a high debris content.In August 2017,we collected a sediment Core Z3 from the central fjord near the Yellow River Station.Then,we used the widely used chronology method of 210Pb,^(137)Cs,and other parameters to reflect the climate change record in the sedimentary environment of Kongsfjord.The results showed that after the mid-late 1990s,the mass accumulation rate of this core increased from 0.10 g/(cm^(2)·a)to 0.34 g/(cm^(2)·a),while the flux of^(210)Pb_(ex)increased from 125 Bq/(m^(2)·a)to 316 Bq/(m^(2)·a).The higher sedimentary inventory of^(210)Pb_(ex)in Kongsfjord compared to global fallout might have been caused by sediment focusing,boundary scavenging,and riverine input.Similarities between the inventory of^(137)Cs and global fallout indicated that terrestrial particulate matter was the main source of^(137)Cs in fjord sediments.The sedimentation rate increased after 1997,possibly due to the increased influx of glacial meltwater containing debris.In addition,the^(137)Cs activity,percentage of organic carbon(OC),and OC/total nitrogen concentration ratio showed increasing trends toward the top of the core since 1997,corresponding to a decrease in the mass balance of glaciers in the region.The results ofδ^(13)C,δ^(15)N and OC/TN concentration ratio showed both terrestrial and marine sources contributed to the organic matter in Core Z3.The relative contribution of terrestrial organic matter which was calculated by a two-endmember model showed an increased trend since mid-1990s.All these data indicate that global climate change has a significant impact on Arctic glaciers.

关键词： Kongsfjord radionuclide organic carbon/total nitrogen(OC/TN)concentration ratio δ^(13)C δ^(15)N sediment record climate change

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Ground-based and additional science support for SMILE

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 275-298页

作者： J.A.Carter M.Dunlop C.Forsyth K.Oksavik E.Donovon A.Kavanagh S.E.Milan T.Sergienko R.C.Fear D.G.Sibeck M.Connors T.Yeoman X.Tan M.G.G.T.Taylor K.McWilliams J.Gjerloev R.Barnes D.D.Billet G.Chisham A.Dimmock M.P.Freeman D.-S.Han M.D.Hartinger S.-Y.W.Hsieh Z.-J.Hu M.K.James L.Juusola K.Kauristie E.A.Kronberg M.Lester J.Manuel J.Matzka I.McCrea Y.Miyoshi J.Rae L.Ren F.Sigernes E.Spanswick K.Sterne A.Steuwer T.Sun M.-T.Walach B.Walsh C.Wang J.Weygand J.Wild J.Yan J.Zhang Q.-H.Zhang Planetary Sciences Group School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Space Science Technology Facilities CouncilOxfordshireUK School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Space Environment monitoring and Information Processing Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing 100017China Department of Space and Climate Physics UCLMullard Space Science LaboratoryHolmbury St.MaryDorkingSurreyRH56NTUK Birkeland centre for Space Science Department of Physics and Technology.University of BergenBergenNorway Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Calgary2500 University DriveCalgaryAlbertaCanada T2N 1N4 British Antarctic Survey CambridgeUK Swedish Institute of Space Physics KirunaSweden West Highfield Campus University of SouthamptonUniversity RoadSO171BJUK Goddard Space Flight Center NASAGreenbeltMarylandUSA Athabasca University AthabascaCanada ESTEC European Space AgencyNetherlands University of Saskatchewan SaskatoonCanada The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMarylandUSA Swedish Institude of Space Physics UppsalaSE 75121Sweden Tongji University Shanghai 200092China Center for Space Plasma Physics Space Science Institute4765 Walnut Street Suite BBoulderColorado80301USA Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136China Finnish Meteorological Institute(FMI) Finland Department of Earth and environmental Sciences(Geophysics) Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich(LMU)MunichTheresienstr.41MunichD-80333Germany Canadian Space Agency MontrealCanada GFZ German Research centre for Geosciences PotsdamGermany Nagoya University Institute for Space Earth Environment ResearchCenter for Integrated Data ScienceNagoyaAichiJP 464-8601 Northumbria University Newcastle upon TyneTyne and WearUK NE18ST National Space Science Center Chinese Academy SciencesBeijing 100190China Arctic Geophysics University Centre in Svalbard

The joint European Space Agency and Chinese Academy of Sciences Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission will explore global dynamics of the magnetosphere under varying solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field conditions,and simultaneously monitor the auroral response of the Northern Hemisphere ionosphere.Combining these large-scale responses with medium and fine-scale measurements at a variety of cadences by additional ground-based and space-based instruments will enable a much greater scientific impact beyond the original goals of the SMILE mission.Here,we describe current community efforts to prepare for SMILE,and the benefits and context various experiments that have explicitly expressed support for SMILE can offer.A dedicated group of international scientists representing many different experiment types and geographical locations,the Ground-based and Additional Science Working Group,is facilitating these efforts.Preparations include constructing an online SMILE Data Fusion Facility,the discussion of particular or special modes for experiments such as coherent and incoherent scatter radar,and the consideration of particular observing strategies and spacecraft conjunctions.We anticipate growing interest and community engagement with the SMILE mission,and we welcome novel ideas and insights from the solar-terrestrial community.

关键词： magnetosphere ionosphere magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling ground-based experimentation SMILE conjunctions missions

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