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Performance test of a 5 kW solid oxide fuel cell system under high fuel utilization with industrial fuel gas feeding

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International Journal of coal Science & Technology 2021年第3期8卷 394-400页

作者： Ming Xu Hanlin Wang Mingxian Liu Jianning Zhao Yuqiong Zhang Pingping Li Mingliang Shi Siqi Gong Zhaohuan Zhang Chufu Li National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy Beijing 102209China shenhua New Energy Company LtdBeijing 100007China coal To Oil Branch Company Ningxia Coal Industry GroupYinchuan 750411China

As the demand for green energy with high efficiency and low carbon dioxide(CO2)emissions has increased,solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)have been intensively developed in recent *** gasification fuel cells(IGFCs)in particular show potential for large-scale power generation to further increase system ***,for commercial application of IGFCs,it is important to design reliable multi-stacks for large systems that show long-term stability and practical fuel gas for application to industrial *** this work,a test rig(of a 5 kW SOFC system,with syngas from industrial gasifiers as fuel)was fabricated and subjected to long-term tests under high fuel utilization to investigate its *** maximum steady output power of the system was 5700 W using hydrogen and 5660 W using syngas and the maximum steady electrical efficiency was 61.24%while the fuel utilization efficiency was 89.25%.The test lasted for more than 500 h as the fuel utilization efficiency was larger than 83%.The performances of each stack tower were almost identical at both the initial stage and after long-term *** 500 h operation,the performances of the stack towers decreased only slightly under lower current and showed almost no change under high *** results demonstrate the reliability of the multi-stack design and the prospect of this SOFC power-generation system for further enlarging its application in a MWth demonstration.

关键词： Solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC) Integration gasification with fuel cell(IGFC) Gasification Stack tower

Modeling and optimization of industrial Fischer–Tropsch synthesis with the slurry bubble column reactor and iron-based catalyst

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第5期26卷 1102-1109页

作者： Chufu Li National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy Shenhua Group Co.Ltd.

To optimize industrial Fischer-Tropsch （IT） synthesis with the slurry bubble column reactor （SBCR） and iron- based catalyst, a comprehensive process model for IT synthesis that includes a detailed SBCR model, gas liquid separation model, simplified CO2 removal model and tail gas cycle model was developed. An effective iteration algorithm was proposed to solve this process model, and the model was validated by industrial demonstration experiments data （SBCR with 5.8 m diameter and 30 m height）, with a maximum relative error 〈 10% for predicting the SBCR performances. Subsequently, the proposed model was adopted to optimize the industrial SBCR performances simultaneously considering process and reactor parameters variations. The results show that C5＋yield increases as catalyst loading increases within 10-70 ton and syngas H2/CO value decreases within 1.3-1.6, but it doesn＇t increase obviously when the catalyst loading exceeds 45 ton （about 15 wt% concentration）. Higher catalyst loading will result in higher difficulty for wax/catalyst separation and higher catalyst cost. There- fore, the catalyst loading （45 ton） is recommended for the industrial demonstration SBCR operation at syngas H2/ CO = 1.3, and the C5 ＋ yield is about 402 ton＂ per day, which has an about 16% increase than the industrial dem- onstration run result.

关键词： Fischer-Tropsch synthesis Slurry bubble column reactor Double bubble model Process simulation and optimization

Visualizing traumatic brain injury:ocular clues for diagnosis and assessment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1399-1400页

作者： Morteza Abyadeh Vivek Gupta Yuyi You Joao A.Paulo Mehdi Mirzaei ProGene Technologies pty ltd SydneyNSWAustralia Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of MedicineHealth and Human SciencesMacquarie Medical SchoolMacquarie UniversityMacquarie ParkNorth RydeSydneyNSWAustralia Department of Cell Biology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is defined as damage to the brain resulting from an external sudden physical force or shock to the *** is considered a silent public health epidemic causing significant death and disability *** were 64,000 TBI related deaths reported in the USA in 2020,with about US$76 billion in direct and indirect medical costs annually.

关键词： diagnosis ocular injury

Pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis of lignite and plastic

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2014年第1期24卷 137-141页

作者： Qian Chunmei Zhou Min Wei Jianghong Ye Puhai Yang Xu Key Laboratory of coal Processing & Efficient Utilization School of Chemical Engineering & TechnologyChina University of Mining & Technology shenhua Group Zhungeer Energy Co.ltd.

The study firstly discusses the pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics by thermogravimetric analysis （TGA）, and then investigates the pyrolysis of lignite and co-pyrolysis with plastic （polyethylene or polypropyl- ene） in tube furnace. Meanwhile, the research focuses on the co-pyrolysis products under different mix- ing ratios as well as pyrolysis products at different testing temperatures and heating rates. The results show that higher final testing temperature and lower heating rate contribute to bond fission in lignite pyrolysis, resulting in less char product. In co-pyrolysis, lignite acts as hydrogen donor, and the yields of char and water rise with increasing amount of plastic in the mixture, while the yields of gas and tar decrease; and a little admixture of plastic will promote the production of gas and tar. Kinetic studies indi- cate that in temperature range of 530-600℃, activation energies of lignite are higher than those of lig- nite/plastic blends, and as plastic mass ratio increases from 0% to 10%, samples need less energy to be decomposed during co-pyrolysis.

关键词： Lignite Pyrolysis Co-pyrolysis Polyethylene Polypropylene

Integrated energy corridor:a comprehensive proposal of the low-carbon transition for China Energy Group

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Clean Energy 2023年第1期7卷 132-138页

作者： Min Gao Haiming Nan Haijun Ren Yonggang Liu Lizhi Wang Zhaoyang Xu Pengfei Zhao shenhua Engineering Technology Co. LtdDongcheng DistrictBeijing 100011China

New energy is considered to be an indispensable means to significantly reduce carbon emissions and to achieve the temperature-control goals defined by the Paris Climate *** the bright future,the inherent characteristics,including volatility,intermittency and uneven seasonal and geographical distributions,and the rapid growth of installations make it increasingly difficult to connect green electricity to *** becomes a dominating bottleneck for the low-carbon transition of China Energy Group(CE).This paper aims to help with the implementation of the new-energy development plan and to define the low-carbon energy-transition path for *** on the current industry structure of CE,shenhua Engineering Technology Co.,ltd proposes the concept of an‘integrated energy corridor’.The integrated energy corridor represents a comprehensive energy-transmission channel with coal,green electricity,green hydrogen,green oxygen and other green energy products such as transmission media,railways,pipelines and power grids as transmission means and thermal power,coal chemical plants,cities,*** the route as new-energy consumers and *** integrated energy corridor can support the rapid development of new-energy assets and the low-carbon transition of CE.

关键词： integrated energy corridor new energy low carbon hydrogen energy transition

Post-riser Regeneration Technology in FCC Unit

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Petroleum Science 2007年第2期4卷 91-96页

作者： Liu Xiancheng Lu Chunxi Shi Mingxian State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China coal to Oil ＆ Chemicals Department Shenhua Group Corporation Ltd. Beijing 100011 China

In our present work, a post-riser regeneration technology （PRRT） for fluid catalytic cracking （FCC） units was developed to deal with increasingly heavier feedstock and hereby the larger amount of coke deposited on the catalyst particles during reaction. This technology can make full use of the advantages of riser regenerator, such as high cokeburning efficiency and low residual carbon, and at the same time overcome its disadvantages, such as difficulty in starting combustion. The average particles concentration on the cross section of the system was studied on a large scale cold model experimental set-up. Also a necessary software was developed by combining the hydrodynamics research results in our work with the coke-burning kinetics model and the heat and mass transfer model developed by previous researchers. The simulation results showed that the PRRT could increase regeneration capability by 16.28%-26.24% over the conventional turbulent fluidized bed regenerator under the similar operation conditions, and that the residual carbon could be kept below 0.1 wt %.

关键词： Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) post-riser regenerator turbulent fluidized bed regenerator FCC regenerator

Mechanics of rib deformation—Observations and monitoring in Australian coal mines

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第1期29卷 119-129页

作者： Yvette Heritage SCT Operations pty ltd

The risk of fatalities from rib failure is still prevalent in the coal mining industry. This risk has prompted further research to be conducted on rib deformation in order to understand the mechanisms of rib failure,with the long-term objective being to improve rib support design. This paper presents the results of ACARP research project C25057, which investigated the mechanics and drivers of rib failure. The results of rib deformation monitoring at three different mines in Australia provide rib deformation characteristics for overburden depths ranging from 160 to 530 m. Monitoring includes deformation during development drivage conditions and during the longwall retreat abutment stress environment. The rib deformation monitoring covered three different seams: the Goonyella Middle Seam, Ulan Seam, and Bulli Seam in the Bowen Basin, Western coalfield, and Southern coalfield, respectively. The observed mechanisms driving the rib deformation ranged from bedding shear failure along weak claystone bands to vertical shear fractures to kinematic failures driven by shear failure dilation. The variation in mechanisms of rib failure, together with the seemingly consistent method of rib support design, prompts the question: what exactly is the role of rib support?

关键词： coal Rib Deformation Monitoring Measurement

Recent advances and perspectives of zinc metal-free anodes for zinc ion batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 33-47页

作者： Jiabing Miao Yingxiao Du Ruotong Li Zekun Zhang Ningning Zhao Lei Dai Ling Wang Zhangxing He Science and Technology Innovation Center of Circular Economy Ha’erwusu Open-Pit Coal MineChina Shenhua Energy Co.Ltd.Ordos 010300China Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization of coal Associated Resources National Energy GroupOrdos 010300China School of Chemical Engineering North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan 063009China

Zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs) are recognized as potential energy storage devices due to their advantages of low cost, high energy density, and environmental friendliness. However, zinc anodes are subject to unavoidable zinc dendrites, passivation, corrosion, and hydrogen evolution reactions during the charging and discharging of batteries, becoming obstacles to the practical application of ZIBs. Appropriate zinc metal-free anodes provide a higher working potential than metallic zinc anodes, effectively solving the problems of zinc dendrites, hydrogen evolution, and side reactions during the operation of metallic zinc anodes. The improvement in the safety and cycle life of batteries creates conditions for further commercialization of ZIBs. Therefore, this work systematically introduces the research progress of zinc metal-free anodes in “rocking chair” ZIBs. Zinc metal-free anodes are mainly discussed in four categories: transition metal oxides,transition metal sulfides, MXene(two dimensional transition metal carbide) composites, and organic compounds, with discussions on their properties and zinc storage mechanisms. Finally, the outlook for the development of zinc metal-free anodes is proposed. This paper is expected to provide a reference for the further promotion of commercial rechargeable ZIBs.

关键词： zinc ion batteries anode zinc metal-free anode recent advances perspectives

Limitations and potential design risks when applying empirically derived coal pillar strength equations to real-life mine stability problems

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第1期29卷 17-25页

作者： Russell Frith Guy Reed Mine Advice pty ltd

The method of determining coal pillar strength equations from databases of stable and failed case histories is more than 50 years old and has been applied in different countries by different researchers in a range of mining situations. While common wisdom sensibly limits the use of the resultant pillar strength equations and methods to design scenarios that are consistent with the founding database, there are a number of examples where failures have occurred as a direct result of applying empirical design methods to coal pillar design problems that are inconsistent with the founding database. This paper explores the reasons why empirically derived coal pillar strength equations tend to be problem-specific and should be considered as providing no more than a pillar strength ‘‘index." These include the non-consideration of overburden horizontal stress within the mine stability problem, an inadequate definition of supercritical overburden behavior as it applies to standing coal pillars, and the non-consideration of overburden displacement and coal pillar strain limits. All of which combine to potentially complicate and confuse the back-analysis of coal pillar strength from failed cases. A modified coal pillar design representation and model are presented based on coal pillars acting to reinforce a horizontally stressed overburden, rather than suspend an otherwise unstable self-loaded overburden or section, the latter having been at the core of historical empirical studies into coal pillar strength and stability.

关键词： coal pillar design Pillar strength Overburden mechanics Limitations of pillar design