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SYSTEMIC PATHOLOGIES OF CONFRONTATION:DIAGNOSING SECURITY DISRUPTION

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2009年第4期18卷 423-436页

作者： Jim BRYANT sheffield Business School Sheffield Hallam University

The world post-9/11 is characterised by uncertainty, fear and suspicion. Psychological confrontations amplified by the mass media have even come to dominate physical engagements between warring parties. Drama theory provides a powerful framework for understanding these interactions in much the way that game theory was able to support strategy making by autonomous players in a less inter-connected era, A model of the ＇normal＇ process leading to dramatic resolution is an essential feature of the drama theory approach and is described here. However this process can be derailed or fail in many ways. This paper reviews many of these systemic pathologies and illustrates some Of them through consideration of three high-profile cases. The conclusion is that it is important to recognise and possibly to use pathological behavior as an element of a character＇s interaction strategy.

关键词： Drama theory confrontation conflict resolution systemic pathology

Simplified mathematical model of proton exchange membrane fuel cell based on horizon fuel cell stack

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2016年第4期4卷 668-679页

作者： Ibrahim M.M.SALEH Rashid ALI Hongwei ZHANG Materials and Engineering Research Institute Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK

This paper presents a simplified zero-dimensional mathematical model for a self-humidifying proton exchange membrane(PEM)fuel cell stack of 1 k *** model incorporates major electric and thermodynamic variables and parameters involved in the operation of the PEM fuel cell under different operational *** of each of these parameters and variables upon the operation and the performance of the PEM fuel cell are *** mathematical equations are modeled by using Matlab-Simulink tools in order to simulate the operation of the developed model with a commercial available 1kW horizon PEM fuel cell stack(H-1000),which is used for the purposes of model validation and tuning of the developed *** model can be extrapolated to higher wattage fuel cells of similar *** equation is presented to determine the impact of using air to supply the PEM fuel cell instead of pure oxygen upon the concentration losses and the output voltage when useful current is drawn from it.

关键词： Proton exchange membrane(PEM)fuel cell Activation losses Ohmic losses Concentration losses Cathode-anode model Membrane hydration model

Emotion detection on webpages using biosensors integrated to a window-based dynamic control system

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2022年第2期15卷 277-301页

作者： Fatima Isiaka Salihu Aish Abdulkarim Kassim Mwitondi Zainab Adamu Computer Science Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK Federal university Dutse DutseNigeria Computing Department Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK Ahmadu Bello university ZariaNigeria

Purpose-Detecting emotion on user experience of web applications and browsing is important in many *** designers and developers find such approach quite useful in enhancing navigational features of webpages,and biomedical personnel regularly use computer simulations to monitor and control the behaviour of *** the other hand,law enforcement agents rely on human physiological functions to determine the likelihood of falsehood in *** often,online user experience is studied via tangible measures such as task completion time,surveys and comprehensive tests from which data attributes are *** of users’emotion and behaviour in some of these cases depends mostly on task completion time and number of clicks per given time ***,such approaches are generally subjective and rely heavily on distributional assumptions making the results prone to recording ***/methodology/approach-The authors propose a novel method-a window dynamic control system that addresses the foregoing *** data were obtained from laboratory experiments during which forty-four volunteers had their synchronised physiological readings,skin conductance response(SCR),skin temperature(ST),eye movement behaviour and users’activity attributes taken using *** windowbased dynamic control system(PHYCOB I)is integrated to the biosensor which collects secondary data attributes from these synchronised physiological readings and uses them for two *** both detection of optimal emotional responses and users’stress *** method’s novelty derives from its ability to integrate physiological readings and eye movement records to identify hidden correlates on a ***-Results show that the control system detects basic emotions and outperforms other conventional models in terms of both accuracy and reliability,when subjected to model comparison that is,the average recoverable natural structures for the three models with

关键词： Skin conductance response Skin temperature Eye tracker sensors Human physiological functions Online behaviour Dynamic control system

ADVANCES IN SUSTAINABLE SECURITY SYSTEMS ENGINEERING WITH DRAMA THEORY (DT) Ⅱ

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2009年第4期18卷 403-422页

作者： Jason K. LEVY Nigel HOWARD Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs Virginia Commonwealth University sheffield hallam university

We put forth Drama Theory II （DT II） as a formal multiple participant decision making framework that can be used to systematically model complex security challenges, and advance the field of Sustainable Security Systems Engineering. DT II is defined as a theory of ＂large world＂ pre-game communication and equilibrium selection. While game theoretic tools have been widely applied to resolve environmental conflicts and promote global security, traditional game theory assumes that decision makers, options, and preferences are fixed. A mathematical treatment of key drama theoretic concepts （i.e. positions, intentions, doubts and dilemmas） is provided. The dynamics of the drama theoretic process are discussed and the expected equilibrium set is derived. The fundamental theorem of drama theory is proven and all theoretical results are applied to promote sustainable security solutions. It is emphasized that DT II represents a flexible systems engineering technique to address time-sensitive, multi-faceted, and complex multiple participant negotiations.

关键词： Drama Theory II sustainable security systems engineering game theory

Emerging robot swarm traffic

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2012年第3期5卷 312-339页

作者： Jacques Penders Lyuba Alboul Materials and Engineering Research Institute Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK

Purpose-This paper aims to discuss traffic patterns generated by swarms of robots while commuting to and from a base ***/methodology/approach-The paper adopts a mathematical evaluation and robot swarm *** swarm approach is bottom-up:designing individual agents the authors are looking for emerging group behaviour *** of group behaviour patterns are human-driven motorized traffic which is rigidly structured in two lanes,while army ants develop a three-lane pattern in their *** authors copy army ant characteristics onto their robots and investigate whether the three lane traffic pattern may *** follow a three-step *** authors first investigate the mathematics and geometry of cases occurring when applying the artificial potential field method to three“perfect”*** traffic pattern(two,three or more lanes)appears to be ***,they use the mathematical cases to study the impact of limited visibility by defining models of sensor *** the final step the authors implement ant inspired sensor models and a trail following mechanism on the robots in the swarm and explore which traffic patterns do emerge in open space as well as in bounded ***-The study finds that traffic lanes emerge in the swarm traffic;however the number of lanes is dependent on the initial situation and environmental *** the applied robot models do not determine a specific number of traffic ***/value-The paper presents a method for studying and simulating robot swarms.

关键词： Swarm robotics Sensors and visibility Traffic patterns Traffic flow Robotics Intelligent sensors

A critical literature review of security and privacy in smart home healthcare schemes adopting IoT&blockchain:Problems,challenges and solutions

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第2期5卷 13-61页

作者： Olusogo Popoola Marcos Rodrigues Jims Marchang Alex Shenfield Augustine Ikpehai Jumoke Popoola Department of Computing Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldS11WBUK Department of Engineering and Math Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldS11WBUK

Protecting private data in smart homes,a popular Internet-of-Things(IoT)application,remains a significant data security and privacy challenge due to the large-scale development and distributed nature of IoT ***,smart healthcare has leveraged smart home systems,thereby compounding security concerns in terms of the confidentiality of sensitive and private data and by extension the privacy of the data ***,proof-of-authority(PoA)-based blockchain distributed ledger technology(DLT)has emerged as a promising solution for protecting private data from indiscriminate use and thereby preserving the privacy of individuals residing in IoT-enabled smart *** review elicits some concerns,issues,and problems that have hindered the adoption of blockchain and IoT(BCoT)in some domains and suggests requisite solutions using the aging-in-place *** issues with BCoT were examined as well as the combined challenges BCoT can pose when utilised for security *** study discusses recent findings,opportunities,and barriers,and provides recommendations that could facilitate the continuous growth of blockchain applications in ***,the study explored the potential of using a PoA-based permission blockchain with an applicable consent-based privacy model for decision-making in the information disclosure process,including the use of publisher-subscriber contracts for fine-grained access control to ensure secure data processing and sharing,as well as ethical trust in personal information disclosure,as a solution *** proposed authorisation framework could guarantee data ownership,conditional access management,scalable and tamper-proof data storage,and a more resilient system against threat models such as interception and insider attacks.

关键词： IoT Smart home healthcare PoA-based permissioned blockchain Authorisation framework Fine-grained access control Interception Privacy model Consent

Responses to oral glucose challenge differ by physical activity volume and intensity: A pilot study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第6期9卷 645-650页

作者： Trevor N.Simper Cecile Morris Anthony Lynn Ciara O’Hagan Karen Kilner Food Group sheffield Business School Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffield S11WBUK Academy of Sport and Physical Activity Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffield S102BPUK Department for Health and Social Care Research Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffield S102BPUK

Background:One-hour postprandial hyperglycemia is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular *** activity(PA)has short-term beneficial effects on post-meal glucose *** study compared the oral glucose tolerance test results of 3 groups of people with habitually different levels of ***:Thirty-one adults without diabetes(age 25.9±6.6 years;body mass index 23.8±3.8 kg/m^2;mean±SD)were recruited and divided into 3 groups based on self-reported PA volume and intensity:low activity0.05).The groups were significantly different in terms of baseline glucose level(p=0.003)and,marginally,for gender(p=0.053)and BMI(p=0.050).There was a statistically significant effect of PA on the 1-h postprandial glucose results(p=0.029),with differences between very active and low activity groups(p=0.008)but not between the moderately active and low activity groups(p=0.360),even when baseline glucose level and gender differences were accounted *** incremental area under the curve there was no significant effect of activity group once gender and body fat percentage had been accounted for(p=0.401).Those in the low activity group took 15 min longer to reach peak glucose level than those in the very active group(p=0.012).Conclusion:The results suggest that high levels of PA have a beneficial effect on postprandial blood glucose profiles when compared to low and moderate levels of activity.

关键词： Blood glucose response Incremental area under the curve Oral glucose tolerance test Physical activity Time to peak Type 2 diabetes

Custom emoji based emotion recognition system for dynamic business webpages

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2022年第4期15卷 497-509页

作者： Fatima Isiaka Zainab Adamu Computer Science Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK Ahmadu Bello university ZariaNigeria

Purpose-One of the contributions of artificial intelligent(AI)in modern technology is emotion recognition which is mostly based on facial expression and modification of its inference *** facial recognition scheme is mostly built to understand user expression in an online business webpage on a marketing site but has limited abilities to recognise elusive *** basic emotions are expressed when interrelating and socialising with other personnel *** most times,studying how to understand user expression is often a most tedious task,especially the subtle *** emotion recognition system can be used to optimise and reduce complexity in understanding users’subconscious thoughts and reasoning through their pupil ***/methodology/approach-This paper demonstrates the use of personal computer(PC)webcam to read in eye movement data that includes pupil changes as part of distinct user attributes.A custom eye movement algorithm(CEMA)is used to capture users’activity and record the data which is served as an input model to an inference engine(artificial neural network(ANN))that helps to predict user emotional response conveyed as emoticons on the ***-The result from the error in performance shows that ANN is most adaptable to user behaviour prediction and can be used for the system’s modification *** limitations/implications-One of the drawbacks of the analytical tool is its inability in some cases to set some of the emoticons within the boundaries of the visual field,this is a limitation to be tackled within subsequent runs with standard ***/value-The originality of the proposed model is its ability to predict basic user emotional response based on changes in pupil size between average recorded baseline boundaries and convey the emoticons chronologically with the gaze points.

关键词： AI Static business webpages Artificial neural network Emotion recognition system Pupil changes User expression Eye movement behaviour

Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Low-Alloy, Medium-Carbon Steels After Multiple Tempering

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2019年第1期32卷 74-88页

作者： Erfan Abbasi Quanshun Luo Dave Owens Materials and Engineering Research Institute Sheffield Hallam University Tyzack Machine Knives Ltd

The microstructure and mechanical properties of NiCrMoV-and NiCrSi-alloyed medium-carbon steels were investigated after multiple tempering. After austenitising, the steels were hardened by oil quenching and subsequently double or triple tempered at temperatures from 250 to 500 °C. The samples were characterised using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, while the mechanical properties were evaluated by Vickers hardness testing, V-notched Charpy impact testing and tensile testing. The results showed that the retained austenite was stable up to 400 °C and the applied multiple tempering below this temperature did not lead to a complete decomposition of retained austenite in both steels. It was also found that the microstructure, hardness and impact toughness varied mainly as a function of tempering temperature,regardless of the number of tempering stages. Moreover, the impact toughness of NiCrMoV steel was rather similar after single/triple tempering at different temperatures, while NiCrSi steel exhibited tempered martensite embrittlement after single/double tempering at 400 °C. The observed difference was mainly attributed to the effect of precipitation behaviour due to the effect of alloying additions in the studied steels.

关键词： Medium-carbon steels Multiple tempering Alloying addition Mechanical properties Retained austenite Precipitation behaviour