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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第11期13卷 2500-2507页

作者： ZHANG Qian MA Cui XUE Xin XU Ming LI Jing WU Jin-xia Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Pastoral agricultural Science and Technology Lanzhou University

Alfalfa （Medicago sativa L.） is an important forage crop in the world and it is of great signiifcance for the improvement of its salt tolerance. To improve salt tolerance in alfalfa, a rice ascorbate peroxidase gene （OsAPX2） was introduced into alfalfa using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation with marker gene bar. The different T-DNA insertions in T1 transgenic alfalfa were identiifed by Southern hybridization. Three independent T2 transgenic lines were selected for stress analysis and the results showed that all of them were salt tolerant compared with wild-type plants. The transgenic plants had low levels of H2O2, malondialdehyde and relative electrical conductivity under salt and drought stresses. Moreover, the contents of chlorophyll and proline, and APX activity were high in transgenic plants under salt and drought stresses. Taken together, the overexpression of OsAPX2 enhances salt tolerance in alfalfa through scavenging reactive oxygen species.

关键词： ascorbate peroxidase (APX) rice (Oryza sativa L.) salt tolerance alfalfa

Effect of Environment and Genetic Recombination on Subspecies and Economic Trait Differentiation in the F_2 and F_3 Generations from indicajaponica Hybridization

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第1期13卷 18-30页

作者： WANG He-tong JIN Feng JIANG Yi-jun LIN Qing-shan XU Hai CHENG Ling XIA Ying-jun LIU Chun-xiang CHEN Wen-fu XU Zheng-jin Rice Research Institute Shenyang Agricultural University Rice Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences agricultural Technology Extension Station Department of Agriculture of Guangdong Province

indica and japonica are the two most important subspecies of Asian cultivated rice. Identifying mechanisms responsible for population differentiation in these subspecies is important for indica-japonica hybridization breeding. In this study, subspecies and economic trait differentiation patterns were analyzed using morphological and molecular （InDel and Intron Length Polymorphism） data in F2 and F3 populations derived from indica-japonica hybridization. Populations were grown in Liaoning and Guangdong provinces, China, with F3 populations generated from F2 populations using bulk harvesting （BM） and single-seed descent methods （SSD）. Segregation distortion was detected in F3-BM populations, but not in F3- SSD or in F2 populations. Superior performance was observed with respect to economic traits in Liaoning compared with that in Guangdong and 1 000-grain weight （KW）, seed setting rate （SSR） and grain yield per plant （GYP） were significantly correlated with indica and japonica subspecies types. Analysis of molecular and morphological data demonstrated that the environment is the main factor giving rise to population differentiation in indica-japonica hybridization. In addition, we also found that KW, SSR and GYP are related to subspecies characteristics and kinship, which is possibly a significant factor resulting in economic trait differentiation and determining environmental adaptability. Our study has provided new insights into the process of population differentiation in these subspecies to inform indica-japonica hybridization breeding.

关键词： indica-japonica hybridization subspecies differentiation environment economic traits recombinant inbred line,rice

Effect of culturing conditions on the expression of key enzymes in the proteolytic system of Lactobacillus bulgaricus

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Journal of Zhejiang university-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2015年第4期16卷 317-326页

作者： Jun-cai HOU Fei LIU Da-xi REN Wei-wei HAN Yue-ou DU Key Laboratory of Dairy Science Ministry of Education Northeast Agricultural University College of Food Science Northeast Agricultural University College of Animal Sciences Zhejiang University

The proteolytic system of Lactobacillus bulgaricus breaks down milk proteins into peptides and amino acids, which are essential for the growth of the bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the expressions of seven key genes in the proteolytic system under different culturing conditions （different phases, initial pH values, temperatures, and nitrogen sources） using real-time polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. The transcriptions of the seven genes were reduced by 30-fold on average in the stationary phase compared with the exponential growth phase The transcriptions of the seven genes were reduced by 62.5-, 15.0-, and 59.0-fold in the strains KLDS 08006, KLDS 08007, and KLDS 08012, respectively, indicating that the expressions of the seven genes were significantly different among strains. In addition, the expressions of the seven genes were repressed in the MRS medium containing casein peptone. The effect of peptone supply on PepX transcription was the weakest compared with the other six genes, and the impact on OppD transcription was the strongest. Moreover, the expressions of the seven genes were significantly different among different strains （P〈0.05）. All these results indicated that the culturing conditions affected the expression of the proteolytic system genes in Lactobacillus bulgaricus at the transcription level.

关键词： Gene expression Proteolytic system Lactobacillus bulgaricus Proteinase

The river chief system and agricultural non-point source water pollution control in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第5期20卷 1382-1395页

作者： ZHOU Li LI Ling-zhi HUANG Ji-kun College of Economics and Management Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China China Center for agricultural Policy School of Advanced Agricultural SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871P.R.China Jiangxi agricultural university Nanchang 330045P.R.China

As part of their efforts to control water pollution,local governments in China introduced the river chief system,whereby a named individual undertakes responsibility for protecting a specified *** one of the most prominent sources of water pollution,agricultural non-point-source(NPS)pollution is becoming increasingly *** whether the river chief system,an institutional reform in China's decentralized environmental regulation regime,is effective in alleviating NPS pollution is important for the realization of green *** effect of the river chief system on reducing agricultural NPS pollution is explored in this study using panel data from 308 Chinese counties during the period from 2004 to *** results reveal that the negative impact of manure output from animal breeding operations on surface water quality is reduced with the implementation of the river chief ***,the river chief system is ineffective in dealing with the water pollution caused by fertilizer ***,in the current system,cooperation among river chiefs only occurs within a *** governments should increase their efforts in reducing fertilizer source loads and preventing fertilizer loads from entering surface *** addition,the central government should improve cooperation among the river chiefs in upstream and downstream provinces.

关键词： river chief system agricultural non-point-source pollution surface water quality fertilizer use livestock and poultry breeding

Enhancing phosphorus uptake efficiency through QTL-based selection for root system architecture in maize

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2016年第11期43卷 663-672页

作者： Riliang Gu Fanjun Chen Lizhi Long Hongguang Cai Zhigang Liu Jiabo Yang Lifeng Wang Huiyong Li Junhui Li Wenxin Liu Guohua Mi Fusuo Zhang Lixing Yuan Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interaction MOECenter for ResourcesEnvironment and Food SecurityCollege Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural University College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Institute of agricultural Resource and Environment Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Cereal Crops Research Institute Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Root system architecture （RSA） plays an important role in phosphorus （P） acquisition, but enhancing P use efficiency （PUE） in maize via genetic manipulation of RSA has not yet been reported. Here, using a maize recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, we investigated the genetic relationships between PUE and RSA, and developed P-efficient lines by selection of quantitative trait loci （QTLs） that coincide for both traits. In low-P （LP） fields, P uptake efficiency （PupE） was more closely correlated with PUE （r = 0.48 -0.54）, and RSA in hydroponics was significantly related to PupE （r=0.25-0.30） but not to P utilization efficiency （PutE）. QTL analysis detected a chromosome region where two QTLs for PUE, three for PupE and three for RSA were assigned into two QTL clusters, Cl-bin3.04a and Cl-bin3.04b. These QTLs had favorable effects from alleles derived from the large-rooted and high-PupE parent. Marker-assisted selection （MAS） identified nine advanced backcross-derived lines carrying Cl-bin3.04a or Cl-bin3.04b that displayed mean increases of 22%-26% in PUE in LP fields. Furthermore, a line L224 pyramiding Cl- binB.04a and Cl-bin3.04b showed enhanced PupE, relying mainly on changes in root morphology, rather than root physiology, under both hydroponic and field conditions. These results highlight the physiological and genetic contributions of RSA to maize PupE, and provide a successful study case of developing P-efficient crops through QTL-based selection.

关键词： Maize Quantitative trait loci Phosphorus Root system architecture Marker-assisted selection

跨欧亚大陆交流的响应——新石器至青铜时代中国北方农业区、牧业区和农牧交错带生业模式演变过程及影响因素

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第4期34卷 681-698页

作者：董广辉梁欢芦永秀王佳 Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Zhaotong university Zhaotong 657000YunnanChina

Significant spatiotemporal variation in human livelihood patterns and its relationship to trans-Eurasian exchange and climate change in north China during the late Neolithic and Bronze Age, has been intensively studied in recent years, but the comprehensive influence of natural and social factors on this variation is not well understood. Therefore, we analyze archaeobotanical, zooarchaeological and carbon isotopic data from late Neolithic and Bronze Age sites in agricultural, pastoral, and agro-pastoral regions of north China. Our results demonstrate human subsistence strategies transformed at different speeds in these three geographic areas after wheat, barley, and sheep, goats, and cattle were introduced into north China. Introduced crops and livestock dominated human livelihoods in pastoral regions and became important subsistence in areas above ~1500 m a.s.l. in agro-pastoral regions after ~3600 BP. In agricultural regions, indigenous millet crops were the most important subsistence throughout 6000– 2200 BP, but wheat use increased significantly around 2700 BP. Our study suggests that the introduction of new crops and herbivorous livestock related to the prehistoric trans-Eurasian exchange, and their adaptive advantage in high-cold environments might have rapidly facilitated human adaptability and social development in pastoral regions and northwest margin of agro-pastoral regions during the Bronze Age.

关键词： subsistence strategy 6th–3rd Millennium BP north China human-land relation long-distance exchange

Reappraisal of phylogenetic status and genetic diversity analysis of Asian population of Lentinula edodes

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第3期16卷 274-280页

作者： XU Xuefeng, LI Anzheng, CHENG Shuiming, LIN Fanxue and LIN Fangcan (State Key Laboratory of agricultural Microbiology and Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong agricultural university, Wuhan 430070, China) State Key Laboratory of agricultural Microbiology and Institute of Applied Mycology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China

Phylogenetic relationship within the Lentinula genus is constructed based on the sequenced ITS fragments of the 60 Chinese wild L. edodes isolates and the sequence data of 48 isolates of different species from other districts downloaded from the Gen-Bank. The 108 isolates of Lentinula genus are divided into two branches and seven groups, one branch and two groups in the New World, and the other branch and five groups in the Old World, and the isolates clustering of different groups corresponds obviously with the classification of the morphological species. Asian isolates are partitioned in group Ⅰ and Ⅴ, two of the five groups of the Old World, by which the germplasm resources status represented is of great importance shown by the phylogenetic analysis. Group Ⅴ which fills up the blank of geographic distribution has become one of the mainstream groups with an increased isolate number, while group Ⅰ has a tendency to dissimilate into two subgroups (Ia and Ib) with a huge isolate quantity and a coverage of most tested districts, suggesting that China (or Asia) is an important genetic diversity center of the natural population of Lentinula genus. Genetic analysis of Asian isolates based on groups Ia, Ib and group Ⅴ indicates that the diversity of the east coastal-land, northwestern highland and southwestern China and Himalayas districts is the most plentiful, which is the three priorities in diversity protection of Asian Lentinula population.

关键词： Asia Lentinula ITS (internal transcribed spacer) phytogeny genetic diversity.

Association mapping of quantitative trait loci for yield-related agronomic traits in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第10期15卷 2192-2202页

作者： XU Fei-fei JIN Liang HUANG Yan TONG Chuan CHEN Ya-ling BAO Jin-song Institute of Nuclear agricultural Sciences Zhejiang University Research & Development Centre of Flower Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

High yield in rice mainly depends on large grain weight, ideal plant architecture and proper flowering time adapting to various geographic regions. To help achieve higher yield, phenotype variations of heading date（HD）, plant architecture and grain shape in a panel of 416 rice accessions were investigated in this study. A total of 143 markers including 100 simple sequence repeat（SSR） markers and 43 gene-tagged markers were employed in association mapping to detect quantitative trait loci（QTL） responsible for these variations. Among the 7 subpopulations, POP5 in japonica group showed the largest values of HD and grain width（GW）, but the smallest values of grain length（GL） and grain length to width ratio（GLW）. Among the six indica groups, POP7 had the largest values of HD, GL, GLW, and 1 000-grain weight（TGW）. A total of 27 QTLs were detected underlying these phenotypic variations in single year, while 12 of them could be detected in 2006 and 2007. GS3 marker was closely associated with GL, GW and GLW, and widely distributed in different groups. The starch synthesis related gene markers, SSI, SSIIa, SBE1, AGPL4, and ISA1, were linked to plant height（PH）, panicle length（PL）, flag leaf length（FLL）, GW, and GLW. The SSR markers, RM267, RM340 and RM346, were linked to at least two traits. Therefore, these new markers will probably be used to improve rice grain yield or plant architecture when performing marker-assisted selection of proper alleles.

关键词： yield plant architecture heading date association mapping marker-assisted selection

Target-based design, synthesis and biological activity of new pyrazole amide derivatives

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2016年第2期27卷 251-255页

作者： Xi-Le Deng Li Zhang Xue-Ping Hu Bin Yin Pei Liang Xin-Ling Yang Department of Applied Chemistry College of Science China Agricultural University Department of Entomology College of Agriculture and Biotechnology China Agricultural University

Based on the similarities in the conformation of VS008（N-（4-methylphenyl）-3-（tert-butyl）-1-（phenylmethyl）-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide） and BYIO6830（N＇-（3,5-dimethylbenzoyl）-N＇-tert-butyl-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-l,4-benzodioxine-6-carbohydrazide） bound to the active site of the EcR subunit of the ecdysone receptor（EcR）-ultraspiracle protein（USP） heterodimeric receptor,a series of new pyrazole amide derivatives were designed and *** structures were confirmed by IR,~1H NMR,^（13）C NMR and elemental *** from a preliminary bioassay revealed that two of the pyrazole derivatives exhibited promising insecticidal ***,compounds 6e and 6i exhibited good activity against Helicoverpa armigera（cotton bollworm） at low *** displayed by tebufenozide-treated *** were identical with those displayed by its treated counterpart.6i showed the same poisoning symptoms as those of *** addition,results from molecular docking result indicated that the binding modes of 6e and 6i at the active site of the EcR subunit of the heterodimeric receptor were similar to that of the bound tebufenozide.

关键词： Molting hormone Pyrazole amide Rational design Bioactivity Molecular docking