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6～(th) International Conference on Spoken language Processing

作者： P.Sivakumaran A.M.Ariyaeeinia J.A.Hewitt university of Hertfordshire HatfieldHertfordshireAL10 9ABUK university of Hertfordshire HatfieldHertfordshireAL10 9ABUK university of Hertfordshire HatfieldHertfordshireAL10 9ABUK

＜正＞It is well known that the spectral information contained in the fuji-band cepstrai parameters within a certain range is highly useful for speaker diserimination. However. this information cannot be fully represented by using the cepstral parametersgenerated in a single sub-band-system. This paper focuses on methods to tackle this deficiency of the sub-band cepstrum in the context of text-dependent speaker verification. In particular, it focuscs on a technique based on the collective use of the cepstral vectors generated from a set of different sub-band systems. The paper also addresses the procedure for an effective incorporation or this technique into the hidden Markov model （HMM） framework. Furthermore, the implementation issues are discussed and details of the experimental evaluation are presented.

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ANALYSIS OF EFFICACY IN TREATMENT OF LOW-RISK WELL-DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CANCER WITHOUT CERVICAL LYMPH NODE INVOLVEMENT: 42 CASES REPORT

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Journal of Shanghai Second Medical university(Foreign language Edition) 2006年第1期18卷 64-66页

作者：殷志强徐曙光朱敬之沈又琴邝耀麟 Department of SurgeryRenji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200001China

Objective To assess the more appropriate surgical treatment for low-risk group differentiated thyroid cancer. Methods A total of 42 low-risk patients with DTC, according to the AMES system (male, n = 6; female, n = 36) , were chosen for total thyroidectomy or subtotal thyroidectomy with center compartment lympha-dectomy. Results Nineteen patients had cervical lymph node involvement. Two patients had recurrent nerve injured. One patient had hypoparathyroidism. There were no mortality or local lymph recurrent up to present. Conclusion Total thyroidectomy or subtotal thyroidectomy with prophylactic center compartment lymphadectomy is an appropriate approach for the treatment of low-risk group differentiated thyroed cancer, to prevent recurrent and improve life quality.

关键词： low-rish differentiated thyroid cancer negative lymphnode surgical treatment

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PERCEPTUAL EVALUATION OF AUTOMATIC SEGMENTATION IN TEXT-TO-SPEECH SYNTHESIS

PERCEPTUAL EVALUATION OF AUTOMATIC SEGMENTATION IN TEXT-TO-S...

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6～(th) International Conference on Spoken language Processing

作者： MatthewJ.Makashay ColinW.Wightman AnnK.Syrdal AlistairConkie also Dept. of Linguistics Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA also Dept. of Computer and Information Sciences Minnesota State UniversityMankatoMNUSA also Dept. of Computer and Information Sciences Minnesota State UniversityMankatoMNUSA also Dept. of Computer and Information Sciences Minnesota State UniversityMankatoMNUSA

＜正＞The quality of a concatenative text-to-speech （TTS） system is directly related to the accuracy with which the underlying acoustic inventory is labeled. An open issue has been the tradeoffs between the speed of automatic labeling, the accuracy of hand labeling, and the quality of the resulting synthesis. The goal of our study was to perceptually compare the impact of different phonetic segmentation techniques on TTS synthesis. A concatenative TTS system using an acoustic inventory phonetically segmented and time aligned by each of six different methods was subjectively evaluated in a listening test. A 90 minute acoustic inventory of speech read by a female professional speaker was segmented and aligned by each of four different methods: （1） expert hand segmentation （HS）, and automatic HMM-based segmentation by means of either （2） speaker independent monophone （SIM） models, （3） speaker dependent monophone （SDM） models, or （4）speaker dependent cross-word triphone （CWT） models. Two additional systems evaluated used variations of CWT segmentation: （5） CWT-HS used an alignment half-way between the CWT and hand segmentations;（6） CWT-OJ used all algorithm to search within a range centered on the CWT phone boundary for an optimal join point between concatenated units[3]. Except for the segmentation and alignment of the acoustic inventory, the TTS system[1] used for synthesis was identical in all respects. The three systems that used variations of CWT models were rated significantly higher than all other synthesizers, including the hand segmented system. Neither reducing alignment differences between CWT labels and manually assigned labels nor using an optimal join point algorithm improved upon unmodified CWT synthesis quality.

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BELIEF NETWORKS FOR A SYNTACTIC AND SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF SPOKEN UTTERANCES FOR SPEECH UNDERSTANDING

BELIEF NETWORKS FOR A SYNTACTIC AND SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF SPO...

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6～(th) International Conference on Spoken language Processing

作者： MarcHofmann ManfredLang Institute for Human-Machine Communication Technical university of Munich D-80290 MunichGermany Institute for Human-Machine Communication Technical university of Munich D-80290 MunichGermany

＜正＞In this paper we present a new approach towards speech understanding that merges semantic and intention decoding to one component. The algorithm is supposed to evaluate a speech recognizer’s utterance hypotheses regarding a) syntactical and semantical relations between words and phrases and b) potential intentions of the user. The mathematical fundament for this evaluation is probability theory. We make use of belief networks to handle the analysis of an utterance hypothesis as a process of reasoning with uncertain and incomplete information. The algorithm in general can be characterized as phrase spotting. The algorithm proved to be very robust for controlling the navigation system and the audio equipment of a car.

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Machine Transliteration

Machine Transliteration

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第20届亚太地区语言、信息和计算国际会议

作者： Mohamed Abdel Fattah Shingo Kuroiwa Faculty of Engineering university of Tokushima 2-1 Minantijosanjima Tokushima Japan 770-8506 Faculty of Engineering university of Tokushima 2-1 Minantijosanjima Tokushima Japan 770-8506

In the present study, we present different approaches for transliteration proper noun pair's extraction from parallel corpora based on different similarity measures between the english and Romanized Arabic proper nouns under consideration. The strength of our new system is that it works well for low-frequency words. We evaluate the presented new approaches using an english-Arabic parallel corpus. Most of our results outperform previously published results in terms of precision, recall and F- Measure.

关键词： Machine Transliteration

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STREAMLINING THE FRONT END OF A SPEECH RECOGNIZER

STREAMLINING THE FRONT END OF A SPEECH RECOGNIZER

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6～(th) International Conference on Spoken language Processing

作者： AlexWaibel Interactive Systems Lab Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213

＜正＞In this paper we seek to streamline various operations within the front end of a speech recognizer, both to reduce unnecessary computation and to simplify the conceptual framework. First, a novel view of the front end in terms of linear transformations is presented. Then we study the invariance property of recognition performance with respect to linear transformations （LT） at the front end. Analysis

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Multilinguality in Temporal Annotation:A Case of Korean

Multilinguality in Temporal Annotation:A Case of Korean

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第20届亚太地区语言、信息和计算国际会议

作者： Kiyong Lee Korea university Department of Linguistics Seoul 136-701 South Korea

The aim of this paper is to apply TimeML, an annotation scheme for events and temporal expressions, to the annotation of Korean in an attempt to test its multilingual extendability. TimeML has been well validated by the successful annotation of a corpus of 186 news articles and some other documents in english. One of its remaining tasks, however, is multilingual extension. This paper aims at contributing to this task and also at promoting TimeML as an international standard.

关键词： Multilinguality in Temporal Annotation:A Case of Korean Annotation

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INTENTION EXTRACTION AND SEMANTIC MATCHING FOR INTERNET FAQ RETRIEVAL USING SPOKEN language QUERY

INTENTION EXTRACTION AND SEMANTIC MATCHING FOR INTERNET FAQ ...

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6～(th) International Conference on Spoken language Processing

作者： Yu-Sheng Lai Kuen-Lin Chung-HsienWu Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan China Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan China Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan China

＜正＞ An FAQ （frequently-asked question） pattern consists of a question and a text document that answers the question and contains some additional remarks. As a query is similar to the FAQ’s question, the FAQ’s answer gives a possible answer or parts of the answer of the query. On the other band. an FAQ’s answer may also contain information not concerning with the corresponding FAQ’s question but embed the answer for other questions. For a given query, therefore, the answer can be obtained from both FAQ question and answer. In this paper, we propose a framework for Internet FAQ retrieval by using spoken language query. We aim at two points: （1） extraction of the main intention embedded in a query sentence and （2） semantic comparison between a query sentence and an FAQ pattern. To evaluate the system performance, a collection of 1022 FAQ patterns and a set of 185 query sentences are collected for experiment. In intention extraction. 91.9% of intention segments can be extracted correctly. Compared to the keyword-based approach, an improvement from 78.06% to 95.28% in recall rate for the top 10 candidates is obtained.

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DIAGNOSTIC BEHAVIOR OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA:SURVEY CONDUCTED IN SOME REGIONS OF CHINA

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Journal of Shanghai Second Medical university(Foreign language Edition) 2006年第2期18卷 117-120页

作者：汤葳邓伟吾 Department of Respiration Ruijin Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200025 China

Objective To analyze the spectrum of microbiological agents causing community-acquired pneumonia （CAP） in recent years. We also investigated the procedure of diagnosis us well as the empirical treatment for this disease in OPD （ outpatient department） of pulmonary disease. Methods A total of 7097 patients from 150 hospitals in 24 provinces in China were enrolled in the study from Nov. 2002 to Mar. 2003. Every patient was diagnosed, treated and registered at the same time. Diagnostic behavior for doctors include chest radiograph and/or CT examination of the lung, as well as collecting sputum samples at the time of diagnosis for bacteria culture to identify the pathogen. Appointed staff fulfiUed the questionnaires and information sheets in each center. After that, data were computerized and analyzed. Results There were 7404 valid information sheets and 7097 questionnaires taken into count. The majority CAP patients were from cities （ 77. 3% ）, most of those who had medical insurance. Most CAP patients had productive cough （81.1% ）, and 76. 7% and 18. 2 % CAP patients received chest film and CT examination respectively for diagnosis. Only 24% patients received sputum sample tested and with 36% got positive results. Streptococcus pneumoniae remained the main pathogen of CAP （43. 2% ）. Most doctors used to prescribe β-lactam antibiotics as the first line of empirical therapy of CAP （ 51.1% ） with oral taken as the main method for drug using （66. 3% ）. Conclusion This survey provides a key point of empirical therapy in China. The procedure for diagnosing us well as the empirical treatment of CAP in OPD of pulmonary disease in China still to be improved, especially in accessing the pathogen. Guidelines developed to recognize and evaluate CAP should base on epidemiological information of the pathogen prevalence, then could offer a rational approach to the initial management of the CAP patients.

关键词： community-acquired pneumonia antibiotics diagnostic behavior empirical treatment

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CLINICAL VALUE OF ALARM SYMPTOMS IN DIAGNOSIS OF LOWER GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES

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Journal of Shanghai Second Medical university(Foreign language Edition) 2006年第2期18卷 84-87,108页

作者：李晓波刘文忠戈之铮萧树东 Department of Gastroenterology Renji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200001 China

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of alarm symptoms in diagnosis of lower gastrointestinal diseases. Methods Data of consecutive autochthonous patients referred to the endoscopy center of Renji Hospital during the period of Oct. 2002 to Dec. 2003 were retrospectively analyzed. The prevalence of alarm symptoms in Shanghai patients with colorectal malignancies or other organic or functional lower gastrointestinal diseases was investigated. Results 83 （4. 9% ） cases of colorectal malignancies were found in 1681 patients referred to the center for colonoscopy because of lower gastrointestinal symptoms. All these malignancies were verified to be in the progressive stage. The prevalence of alarm symptoms was 81.9% （68/83）. Hematochezia （ OR 4. 1, 95% CI 3.3 -5.2, P 〈0. 001）, melena （0R6.4, 95%CI3. 7-11. 0, P 〈0. 001） and anemia （OR 9.6, 95%C13. 7 - 25. 0, P 〈 0. 001 ） were the most common and specific alarm symptoms. All the patients without alarm symptoms were above the age of 40 years. 264 （15. 7% ） cases of organic colorectal diseases other than malignancies and 1334 （ 79. 4% ） cases with no causal pathology identified were found in 1681 patients, and the prevalence of alarm symptoms in these two groups was 48. 5% （128/264） and 14. 8% （197/1334）, respectively. Conclusion Alarm symptoms including hemotochezia, melena, and anemia were useful in distinguishing organic from functional colorectal diseases in patients over 40 years old at the onset of symptoms. Furthermore, hematochezia, melena, anemia, severe weight loss, and abdominal mass were helpful in differentiating malignant from non-malignant colorectal diseases. Colonoscopy should be recommended for patients regardless of age with these alarm symptoms, and so do patients above the age of 40 years with no alarm symptoms before the diagnosis of functional diseases are made.

关键词： alarm symptom colorectal cancer diagnosis

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