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Identification, pathogenicity, and fungicide sensitivity of Eutiarosporella dactylidis associated with leaf blight on maize in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 888-900页

作者： Cheng Guo Xiaojie Zhang Baobao Wang Zhihuan Yang Jiping Li Shengjun Xu Chunming Wang Zhijie Guo Tianwang Zhou Liu Hong Xiaoming Wang Canxing Duan Institute of Plant Protection Gansu Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou 730070China Pratacultural College Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China Shijiazhuang academy of Agriculture and forestry sciences Shijiazhuang 050050China Institute of Crop sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBejing 100081China

Maize(Zea mays L.) is an economically vital grain crop that is cultivated worldwide. In 2011, a maize foliar disease was detected in Lingtai and Lintao counties in Gansu Province, China. The characteristic signs and symptoms of this disease include irregular chlorotic lesions on the tips and edges of infected leaves and black punctate fruiting bodies in dead leaf tissues. Given favourable environmental conditions, this disease spread to areas surrounding Gansu. In this study, infected leaves were collected from Gansu and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region between 2018and 2020 to identify the disease-causing pathogen. Based on morphological features, pathogenicity tests, and multilocus phylogenetic analysis involving internal transcribed spacer(ITS), 18S small subunit rDNA(SSU), 28S large subunit rDNA(LSU), translation elongation factor 1-alpha(TEF), and β-tubulin(TUB) sequences, Eutiarosporella dactylidis was identified as the causative pathogen of this newly discovered leaf blight. Furthermore, an in vitro bioassay was conducted on representative strains using six fungicides, and both fludioxonil and carbendazim were found to significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of E. dactylidis. The results of this study provide a reference for the detection and management of Eutiarosporella leaf blight.

关键词： maize leaf blight morphology molecular phylogeny Eutiarosporella dactylidis fungicide sensitivity

Optimization of fertilizer performances in long-term garlic cropping soils

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 577-589页

作者： Tianqi WEI Hongmei ZHOU Huayang HONG Yanyun REN Qin LIU Yanhua SU Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049(China) University of Chinese academy of sciences NanjingNanjing 211135(China) Jining academy of agricultural sciences Jining 272100(China) College of forestry Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037(China)

Continuous cropping is a common pattern of modern agriculture that takes regional advantages for crop yield *** the progress of mono-cropping continuously supported by intensive fertilizer inputs,such a cropping pattern often undergoes serious problems with low fertilizer use efficiencies and unsustainable crop *** this study,we dealt with a>25-year continuous garlic cropping system as an example for a problem-solving *** garlic cropping soils underwent problems characterized by loss of soil organic matter,dramatic retention of NH_(4)^(+)-N,and excess accumulation of phosphate and potash *** hydroponic simulations,we revealed that the presence of NH_(4)^(+)-N inhibited the root uptake of NO_(3)^(-)-N and K by 68% and 88%,*** the traditionally emphasized importance of K,we observed the negative effect of high K on the growth of garlic *** field experiments demonstrated that P and K applications can be reduced by 60% and 50%,respectively,without loss of *** thus developed a high-performance fertilization strategy by integrating a recomposed NPK fertilizer formulation to reduce unnecessary P and K inputs,a supplementary application of long-lasting C of woody peat to compensate for the soil C loss,and a foliar K approach to strengthen the stomatal function improvement with *** strategy allowed a 15% increase of garlic yield and a seasonal soil C profit of ca.1.8 Mg ha^(-1)even at ca.30% lower fertilizer *** study would be helpful in managing garlic fertilization and developing compound fertilizers,with broader significance for other long-term cropping soils.

关键词： fertilization strategy fertilizer input field validation hydroponic simulation optimized fertilization soil nutrient balance yield profit

Exploration on Management Measures of Onion Production in Eastern Henan Province

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agricultural Biotechnology 2024年第2期13卷 5-7页

作者： Zhaojie XIAO shangqiu academy of Agriculture and forestry sciences Shangqiu 476000China

In this paper, the management points and cultivation difficulties of onion in different stages were discussed in detail from the aspects of onion cultivation seasons, cultivation methods, sowing and seedling raising, proper planting, field water and fertilizer management, stalk removal period, pest control, timely harvest and so on. This paper provides theoretical guidance for the high quality and high yield of onion in Huang-Huai area and data reference for further improvement of high-yielding onion cultivation technique system.

关键词： Onion Cultivation Huang-Huai area

Effects of long-term partial substitution of inorganic fertilizer with pig manure and/or straw on nitrogen fractions and microbiological properties in greenhouse vegetable soils

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2083-2098页

作者： Shuo Yuan Ruonan Li Yinjie Zhang Hao'an Luan Jiwei Tang Liying Wang Hongjie Ji Shaowen Huang State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/Institute of agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of agricultural Resources and Environment Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesShijiazhuang 050051China College of Resources and Environment Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China College of forestry Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China

Partial substitution of inorganic fertilizers with organic amendments is an important agricultural management *** 11-year field experiment(22 cropping periods)was carried out to analyze the impacts of different partial substitution treatments on crop yields and the transformation of nitrogen fractions in greenhouse vegetable *** treatments with equal N,P_(2)O_(5),and K_(2)O inputs were selected,including complete inorganic fertilizer N(CN),50%inorganic fertilizer N plus 50%pig manure N(CPN),50%inorganic fertilizer N plus 25%pig manure N and 25%corn straw N(CPSN),and 50%inorganic fertilizer N plus 50%corn straw N(CSN).Organic substitution treatments tended to increase crop yields since the 6th cropping period compared to the CN *** the 8th to the 22nd cropping periods,the highest yields were observed in the CPSN treatment where yields were 7.5-11.1%greater than in CN *** 11-year fertilization,compared to CN,organic substitution treatments significantly increased the concentrations of NO_(3)^(-)-N,NH_(4)^(+)-N,acid hydrolysis ammonium-N(AHAN),amino acid-N(AAN),amino sugar-N(ASN),and acid hydrolysis unknown-N(AHUN)in soil by 45.0-69.4,32.8-58.1,49.3-66.6,62.0-69.5,34.5-100.3,and 109.2-172.9%,*** analysis indicated that soil C/N and OC concentration significantly affected the distribution of N *** highest concentrations of NO_(3)^(-)-N,AHAN,AAN,AHUN were found in the CPSN *** substitution treatments increased the activities ofβ-glucosidase,β-cellobiosidase,N-acetyl-glucosamidase,L-aminopeptidase,and phosphatase in the *** substitution treatments reduced vector length and increased vector angle,indicating alleviation of constraints of C and N on soil *** substitution treatments increased the total concentrations of phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs)in the soil by 109.9-205.3%,and increased the relative abundance of G^(+)bacteria and fungi taxa,but decreased the relat

关键词： organic substitution management greenhouse vegetable production N fractions microbial community composition extracellular enzyme activity enzyme stoichiometry coefficients

Effect of chemical regulators on the recovery of leaf physiology,dry matter accumulation and translocation,and yield-related characteristics in winter wheat following dry-hot wind

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 108-121页

作者： Yanan Xu Yue Wu Yan Han Jiqing Song Wenying Zhang Wei Han Binhui Liu Wenbo Bai Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Dryland Farming Research Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesHengshui 053000China Shandong General Station of agricultural Technology Extension Jinan 250100China

Dry-hot wind stress causes losses in wheat productivity in major growing regions worldwide,especially winter wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China,and both the occurrence and severity of such events are likely to increase with global climate *** investigate the recovery of physiological functions and yield formation using a new noncommercial chemical regulator(NCR)following dry-hot wind stress,we conducted a three-year field experiment(2018-2021)with sprayed treatments of tap water(control),monopotassium phosphate(CKP),NCR at both the jointing and flowering stages(CFS),and NCR only at the jointing stage(FSJ)or flowering stage(FSF).The leaf physiology,biomass accumulation and translocation,grain-filling process,and yield components in winter wheat were *** the single spraying treatments,the FSJ treatment was beneficial for the accumulation of dry matter before anthesis,as well as larger increases in the maximum grain-filling rate and mean grain-filling *** FSF treatment performed better in maintaining a high relative chlorophyll content as indicated by the SPAD value,and a low rate of excised leaf water loss in flag leaves,promoting dry matter accumulation and the contribution to grain after anthesis,prolonging the duration of grain filling,and causing the period until the maximum grain-filling rate reached *** CFS treatment was better than any other treatments in relieving the effects of dry-hot *** exogenous NCR treatments significantly increased grain yields by 12.45-18.20% in 2018-2019,8.89-13.82% in 2019-2020,and 8.10-9.00% in *** conventional measure of the CKP treatment only increased grain yield by 6.69% in *** CFS treatment had the greatest mitigating effect on yield loss under dry-hot wind stress,followed by the FSF and FSJ treatments,and the CKP treatment only had a minimal *** summary,the CFS treatment could be used as the main chemical control measure for wheat stress resistance and yield

关键词： preparation stress foliar spraying grain-filling remobilization

Straw mulching alters the composition and loss of dissolved organic matter in farmland surface runoff by inhibiting the fragmentation of soil small macroaggregates

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1703-1717页

作者： Shanshan Cai Lei Sun Wei Wang Yan Li Jianli Ding Liang Jin Yumei Li Jiuming Zhang Jingkuan Wang Dan Wei College of Land and Environment Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China Heilongjiang academy of Black Soil Conservation and Utilization Harbin 150086China Institute of Plant Nutrition Resources and EnvironmentBeijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

Straw mulching is a widespread practice for reducing the soil carbon loss caused by ***,the effects of straw mulching on dissolved organic matter(DOM)runoff loss from black soil are not well *** straw mulching affects the composition and loss of runoff DOM by changing soil aggregates remains largely ***,a straw mulching treatment was compared to a no mulching treatment(as a control)on sloping farmland with black soil erosion in Northeast *** divided the soil into large macroaggregates(>2 mm),small macroaggregates(0.25-2 mm),and microaggregates(<0.25 mm).After five rain events,the effects of straw mulching on the concentration(characterized by dissolved organic carbon(DoC)and composition(analyzed by fluorescence spectroscopy)of runoff and soil aggregate DOM were *** results showed that straw mulching reduced the runoff amount by 54.7%.Therefore,although straw mulching increased the average DOc concentration in runoff,it reduced the total runoff DOM loss by 48.3%.The composition of runoff DOM is similar to that of soil,as both contain humic-like acid and protein-like *** straw mulching treatment,the protein-like components in small macroaggregates accumulated and the protein-like components in runoff declined with rain *** spectroscopy technology may help in understanding the hydrological paths of rain events by capturing the dynamic changes of runoff and soil DOM characteristics.A variation partitioning analysis(VPA)indicated that the DOM concentration and composition of microaggregates explained 68.2%of the change in runoff DOM from no mulching plots,while the change in runoff DOM from straw mulching plots was dominated by small macroaggregates at a rate of 55.1%.Taken together,our results demonstrated that straw mulching reduces the fragmentation of small macroaggregates and the loss of microaggregates,thus effecting DOM compositions in soil and reducing the DOM loss in *** results provi

关键词： dissolved organic matter black soil surface runoff aggregates fluorescence spectrum

Characterization of the pheromone receptors in Mythimna loreyi reveals the differentiation of sex pheromone recognition in Mythimna species

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 173-185页

作者： Chan Wang Lei Liu Tian-Yu Huang Yu Zhang Yang Liu Gui-Rong Wang State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture ShenzhenGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenChina School of forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina Key Laboratory of Biohazard Monitoring Green Prevention and Control for Artificial GrasslandMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesInner Mongolia HohhotChina

Pheromone receptors(PRs)are key proteins in the molecular mechanism of pheromone recognition,and exploring the functional differentiation of PRs between closely related species helps to understand the evolution of moth mating *** components of the agricultural pest Mythimna loreyi have turned into(Z)-9-tetradecen-1-yl acetate(Z9-14:OAc),(Z)-7-dodecen-1-yl acetate(Z7-12:OAc),and(Z)-11-hexadecen-1-yl acetate,while the composition differs from that of *** in the genus *** understand the molecular mechanism of pheromone recognition,we sequenced and analyzed antennal transcriptomes to identify 62 odorant receptor(OR)*** expression levels of all putative ORs were analyzed using differentially expressed gene *** candidate PRs were quantified and functionally characterized in the Xenopus oocytes ***6 and MlorPR3 were determined to be the receptors of major and minor components Z9-14:OAc and Z7-12:***1 and female antennae(FA)-biased MlorPR5 both possessed the ability to detect pheromones of sympatric species,including(Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-ol,(Z)-9-tetradecen-1-ol,and(Z)-*** on the comparison of PR functions between *** and ***,we analyzed the differentiation of pheromone recognition mechanisms during the evolution of the mating systems of 2 Mythimna species.

关键词： antennal transcriptome Mythimna loreyi pheromone receptor sex pheromone Xenopus oocyte

Review of the application of in-situ sensing techniques to address the tea growth characteristics from leaf to field

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 1-11页

作者： Qiong Cao Chunjiang Zhao Ze Xu Ping Jiang Haibin Yang Xiangyu Meng Guijun Yang Information Technology Research Center Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China College of Machnical and Electrical Engineering Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410125China Tea Research Institute of Chongqing academy of agricultural sciences Chongqing 400000China

The tea plant is a valuable and evergreen crop that is extensively cultivated in China and many other ***,there is growing research interest in this *** the tea industry,it is crucial to develop rapid and non-invasive methods to evaluate tea plants in their natural *** article provides a comprehensive overview of non-invasive sensing techniques used for in-situ detection of tea *** topics covered include leaf,canopy,and field-level assessments,as well as statistical analysis techniques and characteristics specific to the ***-invasive testing technology is primarily used for monitoring and predicting tea pests and diseases,monitoring quality,and nutrients,determining tenderness and grade,identifying tea plant varieties,automatically detecting,and identifying tea buds,monitoring tea plant growth,and extracting tea garden areas through remote *** also helps to evaluate planting suitability,assess disasters,and estimate ***,the article examines the challenges and prospects of emerging techniques aimed at resolving the in-situ detection problem for tea *** can assist researchers and producers in comprehensively understanding the tea environment,quality characteristics,and growth process,thereby enhancing tea production quality,and fostering tea industry development.

关键词： non-destructive in-situ detection tea plants growth characteristics sensors

Afforestation with an age-sequence of Mongolian pine plantation promotes soil microbial residue accumulation in the Horqin Sandy Land, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第4期16卷 567-579页

作者： GUO Jingwen SONG Xueshu WANG Xiao DU Zhangliu LU Sen State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources Research Institute of ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable forestry in Southern China Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China College of Resources and Environmental sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Land use change affects the balance of organic carbon(C)reserves and the global C *** residues are essential constituents of stable soil organic C(SOC).However,it remains unclear how microbial residue changes over time following *** this study,16-,23-,52-,and 62-year-old Mongolian pine stands and 16-year-old cropland were studied in the Horqin Sandy Land,*** analyzed changes in SOC,amino sugar content,and microbial parameters to assess how microbial communities influence soil C transformation and *** results showed that SOC storage increased with stand age in the early stage of afforestation but remained unchanged at about 1.27-1.29 kg/m2 after 52 ***,there were consistent increases in amino sugars and microbial residues with increasing stand *** stand age increased from 16 to 62 a,soil pH decreased from 6.84 to 5.71,and the concentration of total amino sugars increased from 178.53 to 509.99 mg/kg.A significant negative correlation between soil pH and the concentration of specific and total amino sugars was observed,indicating that the effects of soil acidification promote amino sugar stabilization during *** contrast to the Mongolian pine plantation of the same age,the cropland accumulated more SOC and microbial residues because of fertilizer *** Mongolian pine plantation with different ages,there was no significant change in calculated contribution of bacterial or fungal residues to SOC,suggesting that fungi were consistently the dominant contributors to SOC with increasing *** results indicate that afforestation in the Horqin Sandy Land promotes efficient microbial growth and residue accumulation in SOC stocks and has a consistent positive impact on SOC persistence.

关键词： soil organic matter stand age biomarker amino sugars microbial residues