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Recent progress in the applications of presynaptic dopaminergic positron emission tomography imaging in parkinsonism

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 93-106页

作者： Yujie Yang Xinyi Li Jiaying Lu Jingjie Ge Mingjia Chen Ruixin Yao Mei Tian Jian Wang Fengtao Liu Chuantao Zuo Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias Ministry of EducationDepartment of Medical GeneticsShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina department of Neurology National Research Center for Aging and MedicineNational Center for Neurological Disordersand State Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina department of Nuclear Medicine&PET Center National Center for Neurological Disordersand National Clinical Research Center for Aging and MedicineHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina international Human Phenome Institutes(shanghai) ShanghaiChina Human Phenome Institute Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Nowadays,presynaptic dopaminergic positron emission tomography,which assesses deficiencies in dopamine synthesis,storage,and transport,is widely utilized for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of *** review provides a comprehensive summary of the latest developments in the application of presynaptic dopaminergic positron emission tomography imaging in disorders that manifest *** conducted a thorough literature search using reputable databases such as PubMed and Web of *** criteria involved identifying peer-reviewed articles published within the last 5 years,with emphasis on their relevance to clinical *** findings from these studies highlight that presynaptic dopaminergic positron emission tomography has demonstrated potential not only in diagnosing and differentiating various Parkinsonian conditions but also in assessing disease severity and predicting ***,when employed in conjunction with other imaging modalities and advanced analytical methods,presynaptic dopaminergic positron emission tomography has been validated as a reliable in vivo *** validation extends to screening and exploring potential neuropathological mechanisms associated with dopaminergic *** summary,the insights gained from interpreting these studies are crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of preclinical investigations and clinical trials,ultimately advancing toward the goals of neuroregeneration in parkinsonian disorders.

关键词： aromatic amino acid decarboxylase brain imaging dopamine transporter Parkinson’s disease parkinsonism positron emission tomography presynaptic dopaminergic function vesicle monoamine transporter type 2

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AZD1775 synergizes with SLC7A11 inhibition to promote ferroptosis

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 204-218页

作者： Chen Xiong Hong Ling Yingdan Huang Hanzhi Dong Bangxiang Xie Qian Hao Xiang Zhou Fudan University shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China department of Oncology Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China department of Breast Surgery Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China department of Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006China Beijing Institute of Hepatology Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Beijing Engineering Research Center for Precision Medicine and Transformation of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer Beijing 100069China Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in shanghai Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China shanghai Key Laboratory of medical Epigenetics International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism(Ministry of Science and Technology)Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Tumor suppressor p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair may exert cytoprotective effects against cancer therapies,including WEE1 *** that p53 activation can also lead to multiple types of cell death,the role of this tumor suppressor in WEE1 inhibitor-based therapies remains *** this study,we reported that nucleolar stress-mediated p53 activation enhanced the WEE1 inhibitor AZD1775-induced ferroptosis to suppress lung cancer *** findings showed that AZD1775 promoted ferroptosis by blocking cystine uptake,an action similar to that of ***,inhibition of WEE1 by the WEE1 inhibitors or siRNAs induced compensatory upregulation of SLC7A11,which conferred resistance to ***,AZD1775 prevented the enrichment of H3K9me3,a histone marker of transcriptional repression,on the SLC7A11 promoter by repressing the expression of the histone methyltransferase SETDB1,thereby enhancing NRF2-mediated SLC7A11 *** finding was also validated using the H3K9me3 inhibitor ***,we found that the nucleolar stress-inducing agent Actinomycin D(Act.D)inhibited SLC7A11 expression by activating p53,thus augmenting AZD1775-induced ***,the combination of AZD1775 and Act.D synergistically suppressed wild-type p53-harboring lung cancer cell growth both in vitro and in ***,our study demonstrates that AZD1775 promotes ferroptosis by targeting cystine uptake but also mediates the adaptive activation of SLC7A11 through the WEE1-SETDB1 cascade and NRF2-induced transcription,and inhibition of SLC7A11 by Act.D boosts the anti-tumor efficacy of AZD1775 by enhancing ferroptosis in cancers with wild-type p53.

关键词： p53 NRF2 SLC7A11 WEE1 AZD1775 ferroptosis nucleolar stress

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Augmented Reality Navigation Using Surgical Guides Versus Conventional Techniques in Pedicle Screw Placement

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Journal of shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2025年第1期30卷 10-17页

作者： KONG Huiyang WANG Shuyi ZHANG Can CHEN Zan School of Health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China department of Neurosurgery Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijing100053China China international Neuroscience Institute(China-INI) Beijing100052China

The aim of this study was to assess the potential of surgical guides as a complementary tool to augmented reality(AR)in enhancing the safety and precision of pedicle screw placement in spinal *** trainers were divided into the AR navigation group using surgical guides and the free-hand *** group consisted of a novice and an experienced spine surgeon.A total of 80 pedicle screws were ***,the AR group reconstructed the 3D model and planned the screw insertion route according to the computed tomography data of L2 lumbar ***,the Microsoft HoloLens™2 was used to identify the vertebral model,and the planned virtual path was superimposed on the real cone ***,the screw was placed according to the projected ***,Micron Tracker was used to measure the deviation of screws from the preoperatively planned trajectory,and pedicle screws were evaluated using the Gertzbein-Robbins *** the AR group,the linear deviations of the experienced doctor and the novice were(1.59±0.39)mm and(1.73±0.52)mm respectively,and the angle deviations were 2.72°±0.61°and 2.87°±0.63°*** the free-hand group,the linear deviations of the experienced doctor and the novice were(2.88±0.58)mm and(5.25±0.62)mm respectively,and the angle deviations were 4.41°±1.18°and 7.15°±1.45°*** kinds of deviations between the two groups were significantly different(P<0.05).The screw accuracy rate was 95%in the AR navigation group and 77.5%in the free-hand *** results of this study indicate that the integration of surgical guides and AR is an innovative technique that can substantially enhance the safety and precision of spinal surgery and assist inexperienced doctors in completing the surgery.

关键词： augmented reality(AR) pedicle screw placement surgery navigation surgical guide

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Guidelines for standard operation of imaging modalities in orbital diseases (2024)

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international Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第1期18卷 51-66页

作者： Yi Shao Jian-Min Ma Xiao-Ming Huang Expert Workgroup of Guidelines for the useof imaging equipment in orbital diseases(2024) Ophthalmic Imaging and IntelligentMedicine Branch Chinese Medicine Education Association Ocular Oncology Committee of theOphthalmology Branch of the Chinese medical Doctor Association Ophthalmology Committee ofinternational Association of Translational Medicine Chinese Ophthalmic Imaging Study Groups department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghai 200080China Beijing Tongren hospital Affiliated to Capital medical University Beijing 100005China Sichuan Eye hospital Chendu 610047Sichuan ProvinceChina 不详

Orbital disorders include conditions originating from the orbital bones,surrounding tissues,and post-orbital *** also include systemic ailments affecting the *** clinical symptoms make up the complex range of orbital *** these disorders mostly impact the orbital area instead of the intraocular compartment,there is little diagnostic usefulness for typical ophthalmic visual *** such,the vital instruments for diagnosing and evaluating orbital illnesses have become ophthalmic imaging modalities,including ocular ultrasonography(B-scan),computed tomography(CT),and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).One way to improve the precision and promptness of diagnosing orbital diseases is to standardize the functioning of widely used imaging equipment and define the radiological features of orbital *** programs are crucial for the care of patients with orbital disorders since they considerably reduce the number of misdiagnoses and missed diagnoses in these *** underlying concepts,operational techniques,and normal and pathological imaging findings associated with common diagnostic tools for orbital illnesses are all thoroughly reviewed in this *** objective is to improve primary healthcare settings’diagnostic competence in the field of orbital pathology and to standardize procedures for diagnosing orbital disorders.

关键词： orbital disease ultrasonography computed tomography magnetic resonance imaging standardized operation

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Anatomic characteristics of the lacrimal sac and adjacent bony structures–a computed tomographicdacryocystography research

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international Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第2期18卷 251-257页

作者： Xin-Han Cui Yan-Wen Fang Li-Min Zhang Ji-Ni Qiu Chao-Ran Zhang Yan Wang Eye Institute and department of Ophthalmology Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 200031China NHC Key laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai 200031China shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration Shanghai 200031China department of Ophthalmology Children’s Hospital of KaifengKaifeng 475000Henan ProvinceChina

AIM:To describe the anatomic characteristics of the lacrimal sac and its adjacent bone structures and to provide surgical recommendations for endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy(EN-DCR).METHODS:This retrospective comparative study involved 118 sides with complete nasolacrimal duct obstruction and 83 unaffected sides from 126 *** tomographic-dacryocystography(CT-DCG)scans were performed before lacrimal surgery,and image reconstruction was used to obtain continuous 0.75-mm axial,coronal,and segmental sections for *** morphology of the lacrimal sac and its relationship with adjacent bony structures were determined for measurement,as well as the obstructed ***:The height of the lacrimal sac was 12.99±2.10 mm in this *** operculum of the middle turbinate(OMT)was located vertically in the lower third of the lacrimal ***,the junction between the maxillary bone and the lacrimal bone(MB-LB)was close to,mostly(60.2%)posterior to,the lacrimal *** uncinate process was more frequently attached to the lacrimal bones(75.1%).The obstructions were generally located around the entrance of the nasolacrimal duct(NLD).However,some were placed higher,with 7.63%blocked not lower than the *** was a negative correlation between the diameter of the lacrimal sac and the level of obstruction(r=-0.35,P<0.01).CONCLUSION:In this study,the OMT and MB-LB can be served as the landmarks in *** uncinectomy should be performed in most *** obstructions were generally located around the entrance of the NLD,but some extreme individual variations strongly implies the importance of CT-DCG scanning before surgery.

关键词： lacrimal sac nasolacrimal duct obstruction endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy computed tomographic-dacryocystography

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Assessing the possibility of using large language models in ocular surface diseases

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international Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第1期18卷 1-8页

作者： Qian Ling Zi-Song Xu Yan-Mei Zeng Qi Hong Xian-Zhe Qian Jin-Yu Hu Chong-Gang Pei Hong Wei Jie Zou Cheng Chen Xiao-Yu Wang Xu Chen Zhen-Kai Wu Yi Shao department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated HospitalJiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina Ophthalmology Centre of Maastricht University Maastricht 6200MSLimburgNetherlands Changde hospital Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South University(the First People’s Hospital of Changde City)Changde 415000Hunan ProvinceChina department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghai 200080China

AIM:To assess the possibility of using different large language models(LLMs)in ocular surface diseases by selecting five different LLMS to test their accuracy in answering specialized questions related to ocular surface diseases:ChatGPT-4,ChatGPT-3.5,Claude 2,PaLM2,and ***:A group of experienced ophthalmology professors were asked to develop a 100-question singlechoice question on ocular surface diseases designed to assess the performance of LLMs and human participants in answering ophthalmology specialty exam *** exam includes questions on the following topics:keratitis disease(20 questions),keratoconus,keratomalaciac,corneal dystrophy,corneal degeneration,erosive corneal ulcers,and corneal lesions associated with systemic diseases(20 questions),conjunctivitis disease(20 questions),trachoma,pterygoid and conjunctival tumor diseases(20 questions),and dry eye disease(20 questions).Then the total score of each LLMs and compared their mean score,mean correlation,variance,and confidence were ***:GPT-4 exhibited the highest performance in terms of *** the average scores of the LLMs group with the four human groups,chief physician,attending physician,regular trainee,and graduate student,it was found that except for ChatGPT-4,the total score of the rest of the LLMs is lower than that of the graduate student group,which had the lowest score in the human *** ChatGPT-4 and PaLM2 were more likely to give exact and correct answers,giving very little chance of an incorrect ***-4 showed higher credibility when answering questions,with a success rate of 59%,but gave the wrong answer to the question 28% of the ***:GPT-4 model exhibits excellent performance in both answer relevance and ***2 shows a positive correlation(up to 0.8)in terms of answer accuracy during the *** terms of answer confidence,PaLM2 is second only to GPT4 and surpasses Claude 2,SenseNova,and *** the fact t

关键词： ChatGPT-4.0 ChatGPT-3.5 large language models ocular surface diseases

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Alterations of interhemispheric functional connectivity in patients with hypertensive retinopathy using voxelmirrored homotopic connectivity:a resting state fMRI study

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international Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第2期18卷 297-307页

作者： Xue-Lin Wang Yu Chen Jin-Yu Hu Hong Wei Qian Ling Liang-Qi He Cheng Chen Yi-Xin Wang Yan-Mei Zeng Xiao-Yu Wang Qian-Min Ge Xu Chen Yi Shao department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi Medical CollegeShangrao Center HospitalEye Hospital of Shangrao CityShangrao 334000Jiangxi ProvinceChina department of Traditional Chinese Medicine the Second Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShenyang 110000Liaoning ProvinceChina department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina School of Optometry and Vision Science Cardiff UniversityCardiffCF244HQWalesUK Ophthalmology Centre of Maastricht University Maastricht 6200MSLimburg Provinciethe Netherlands department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghai 200080China

AIM:To analyze whether alterations of voxel mirror homology connectivity(VMHC)values,as determined by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rsfMRI),occur in cerebral regions of patients with hypertensive retinopathy(HR)and to determine the relationship between VMHC values and clinical characteristics in patients with ***:Twenty-one patients with HR and 21 agematched healthy controls(HCs)were assessed by rsfMRI *** functional connectivity between the hemispheres of the cerebrum was assessed by measuring VMHC,with the ability of VMHC to distinguish between the HR and HC groups assessed using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve *** in the demographic and clinical characteristics of the HR and HC groups were analyzed by independent sample *** relationship between average VMHC in several brain areas of HR patients and clinical features was determined using Pearson correlation ***:Mean VMHC values of the bilateral cuneus gyrus(BA19),bilateral middle orbitofrontal gyrus(BA47),bilateral middle temporal gyrus(BA39)and bilateral superior medial frontal gyrus(BA9)were lower in the HR than in the HC ***:VMHC values can predict the development of early HR,prevent the transformation of hypertensive microangiopathy,and provide useful information explaining the changes in neural mechanism associated with HR.

关键词： hypertensive retinopathy voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity neuroimaging functional MRI resting state

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Low-concentration atropine(0.01%)on quantitative contrast sensitivity function in Chinese children with myopia

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international Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第1期18卷 117-124页

作者： Yu-Hao Ye Yi-Yong Xian Fang Liu Zhong-Lin Lyu Xing-Tao Zhou Jing Zhao department of Ophthalmology and Optometry Eye&ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 200031China NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia(Fudan University) Key Laboratory of MyopiaChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai 200000China shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry Shanghai 200000China shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care(20DZ2255000).shanghai 200030 China Division of Arts and Sciences NYU ShanghaiShanghai 200000China Center for Neural Science and department of Psychology New York UniversityNew York 10012USA NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science NYU ShanghaiShanghai 200000China

AIM:To investigate the effect of 0.01%low-concentration atropine(LA)on quantitative contrast sensitivity function(qCSF)in children with ***:This paired case-control study included 90 eyes of 58 children who were sex-,age-,and refractionmatched and equally divided into two groups:the 0.01%LA group had undergone 6mo use of daily 0.01%atropine and control group was naïve to *** ophthalmic examinations and qCSF test without refractive correction were *** groups were compared in monocular and binocular qCSF parameters,including the area under logCSF,CSF acuity,and contrast sensitivity(CS)at 1.0-18.0 cycle per degree(cpd).RESULTS:In the monocular comparison,the CSF acuity of the LA group was significantly higher than that of the control group(7.58±5.51 vs 6.37±4.22 cpd,P<0.05).The subgroup analysis showed that in the 6-9y group,CSF acuity was significantly higher in the LA group than the control group(8.76±6.19 vs 6.54±4.25 cpd,P<0.05),and in the Female group,low refraction sphere group,and high refraction cylinder group,the CS at high spatial frequencies(12.0 and 18.0 cpd)were significantly higher in the LA group than in the control group(all P<0.05).In the binocular test,CSF acuity and CS at 12.0 cpd were significantly higher in the LA group than in the control group(10.95±7.00 vs 8.65±5.12 cpd;0.17±0.33 vs 0.06±0.16,respectively;both P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Use of LA may result in improved CS in children with early onset myopia.

关键词： low-concentration atropine myopia quantitative contrast sensitivity function Chinese children

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A Review of Bicuspid Aortic Valve Anomaly

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international Journal of Clinical Medicine 2025年第1期16卷 112-126页

作者： Wei Hu Rubing Wang Yan Zhang Yuxin Qi Jibin Xu Jingjing Wang Junnan Wang Weiqing Pu Yufeng Zhang Zhinong Wang Yudi Liu department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Changzheng Hospital Naval Medical University Shanghai China

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a common congenital heart valve disease, often accompanied by aortic valve stenosis or regurgitation, infective endocarditis, and aortic diseases such as aortic dilation and dissection. This article aims to review the definition, pathogenesis and genetic basis, classification methods, clinical features and current status of research and treatment and prognosis of BAV, and provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of BAV. The content and structure of this article are as follows: The first part introduces the definition of BAV;The second part introduces the etiology and classification methods of BAV;The third part briefly describes the clinical manifestations and diagnosis of BAV;The fourth part discusses the treatment strategies and prognosis prediction of BAV;Finally, the article summarizes and looks forward to the future research directions.

关键词： Bicuspid Aortic Valve Congenital Heart Disease Aortic Valve Disease Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

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Estimated glomerular filtration rate dip at sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor initiation: Implications for practice in chronic kidney disease

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2025年第1期

作者： Fan Ying Wang Niansong department of Nephrology Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China

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