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Rapid and chemoselective imidation of sulfides in aqueous buffer enabled by a novel guanidine-derived N-O reagent

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 1929-1934页

作者： Hanzheng Li Long Xu Jiajia Dong key laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China Institute of Translational Medicine National Facility for Translational Medicine(Shanghai)Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced StudyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China shanghai Artificial Intelligence laboratory Shanghai200232China

Herein we report the facile synthesis of a series of novel N-O reagents and identify N′-di-Boc-N′′-[(mesitylsulfonyl)oxy]-guanidine as an efficient imidating *** reagent is synthetically scalable and bench-stable,yet it shows unprecedented reactivity and chemoselectivity towards S(II)in buffer/hexafluoroisopropanol(HFIP)system,to generate a new class of Nguanyl *** transformation of N-guanyl sulfilimines to N-guanyl sulfoximines provides us a chance to investigate these rarely reached compounds,which are shown to be versatile precursors to a variety of N-heterocyclic and *** work provides an addition to the tool box of both sulfur imidation and guanidine synthesis,especially for the need of rapid and selective modifications of sulfur(II)center under biocompatible conditions.

关键词： sulfur imidation N-O reagent

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Metalenses phase characterization by multidistance phase retrieval

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第9期13卷 1898-1907页

作者： Bowen Liu Jialuo Cheng Maoxiong Zhao Jin Yao Xiaoyuan Liu Shaohu Chen Lei Shi Din Ping Tsai Zihan Geng Mu Ku Chen State key laboratory of Surface Physics Key Laboratory of Micro-and Nano-Photonic Structures(Ministry of Education)and Department of PhysicsFudan University200433 ShanghaiChina Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina State key laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum computing Fudan University200438 ShanghaiChina Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University210093 NanjingJiangsuChina shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences 201315 ShanghaiChina Centre for Biosystems Neuroscienceand NanotechnologyCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina Institute of Data and Information Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua University518071 ShenzhenGuangdongChina

Metalens,characterized by their unique functions and distinctive physical properties,have gained significant attention for their potential *** further optimize the performance of metalens,it is necessary to characterize the phase modulation of the *** this study,we present a multi-distance phase retrieval system based on optical field scanning and discuss its convergence and *** findings indicate that the system is capable of retrieving the phase distribution of the metalens as long as the measurement noise is low and the total length of the scanned light field is sufficiently *** system enables the analysis of focal length and aberration by utilizing the computed phase *** extend our investigation to measure the phase distribution of the metalens operating in the near-infrared(NIR)spectrum and identify the impact of defects in the sample on the ***,we conduct a comparative analysis of the phase distribution of the metalens in air and ethanol and observe the variations in the phase modulation of the metalens in different working *** system provides a straightforward method for the phase characterization of metalens,aiding in optimizing the metalens design and functionality.

关键词： phase system distribution

Reconfigurable memlogic long wave infrared sensing with superconductors

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 908-920页

作者： Bingxin Chen Huanyi Xue Hong Pan Liping Zhu Xiaomi Yan Jingzhe Wang Yanru Song Zhenghua An State key laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum computing Department of PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China. shanghaiTech Quantum Device Lab ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China. shanghai Qi Zhi Institute 41th FloorAI TowerNo.701 Yunjin RoadXuhui DistrictShanghai 200232China. Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University Chengbei RoadYiwu City 322000 ZhejiangChina. Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center Fudan UniversityShanghai 201210China

Optical sensors with in-cell logic and memory capabilities offer new horizons in realizing machine vision beyond von Neumann architectures and have been attempted with two-dimensional materials,memristive oxides,phasechanging materials *** the unparalleled performance of superconductors with both quantum-limited optical sensitivities and ultra-wide spectrum coverage,here we report a superconducting memlogic long-wave infrared sensor based on the bistability in hysteretic superconductor-normal phase *** cooperatively by electrical and optical pulses,the device offers deterministic in-sensor switching between resistive and superconducting(hence dissipationless)states with persistence>105 *** results in a resilient reconfigurable memlogic system applicable for,e.g.,encrypted ***,a high infrared sensitivity at 12.2μm is achieved through its in-situ metamaterial perfect absorber *** work opens the avenue to realize all-in-one superconducting memlogic sensors,surpassing biological retina capabilities in both sensitivity and wavelength,and presents a groundbreaking opportunity to integrate visional perception capabilities into superconductor-based intelligent quantum machines.

关键词： wave superconductor quantum

Plotinus:A Satellite Internet Digital Twin system

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2024年第1期9卷 24-33页

作者： Yue Gao Kun Qiu Zhe Chen Wenjun Zhu Qi Zhang Handong Luo Quanwei Lin Ziheng Yang Wenhao Liu The Intelligent Networking and computing Research Center and School of Computer Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

The development of space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGIN) requires sophisticated satellite Internet emulation tools that can handle complex, dynamic topologies and offer in-depth analysis. Existing emulation platforms struggle with challenges like the need for detailed implementation across all network layers, real-time response, and scalability. This paper proposes a digital twin system based on microservices for satellite Internet emulation,namely Plotinus,which aims to solve these problems. Plotinus features a modular design, allowing for easy replacement of the physical layer to emulate different aerial vehicles and analyze channel interference. It also enables replacing of path computation methods to simplify testing and deploying algorithms. In particular, Plotinus allows for real-time emulation with live network traffic,enhancing practical network models. The evaluation result shows Plotinus’s effective emulation of dynamic satellite networks with real-world devices. Its adaptability for various communication models and algorithm testing highlights Plotinus’s role as a vital tool for developing and analyzing SAGIN systems, offering a cross-layer,real-time,and scalable digital twin system.

关键词： network emulation framework dynamic topology adjustment microservice architecture

Distributed Platooning Control of Automated Vehicles Subject to Replay Attacks Based on Proportional Integral Observers

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第9期11卷 1954-1966页

作者： Meiling Xie Derui Ding Xiaohua Ge Qing-Long Han Hongli Dong Yan Song Department of Control Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China School of Science Computing and Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourne VIC 3122Australia Artificial Intelligence Energy Research Institute Northeast Petroleum UniversityDaqing 163318the Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Networking and Intelligent ControlNortheast Petroleum UniversityDaqing 163318 Sanya Offshore Oil&Gas Research Institute Northeast Petroleum UniversitySanya 572024China

Secure platooning control plays an important role in enhancing the cooperative driving safety of automated vehicles subject to various security *** paper focuses on the distributed secure control issue of automated vehicles affected by replay attacks.A proportional-integral-observer(PIO)with predetermined forgetting parameters is first constructed to acquire the dynamical information of ***,a time-varying parameter and two positive scalars are employed to describe the temporal behavior of replay *** light of such a scheme and the common properties of Laplace matrices,the closed-loop system with PIO-based controllers is transformed into a switched and time-delayed ***,some sufficient conditions are derived to achieve the desired platooning performance by the view of the Lyapunov stability *** controller gains are analytically determined by resorting to the solution of certain matrix inequalities only dependent on maximum and minimum eigenvalues of communication ***,a simulation example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

关键词： Automated vehicles platooning control proportional-integral-observers(PIOs) replay attacks time-delays

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Distinct immune escape and microenvironment between RG-like and pri-OPC-like glioma revealed by single-cell RNA-seq analysis

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第1期18卷 147-168页

作者： Weiwei Xian Mohammad Asad Shuai Wu Zhixin Bai Fengjiao Li Junfeng Lu Gaoyu Zu Erin Brintnell Hong Chen Ying Mao Guomin Zhou Bo Liao Jinsong Wu Edwin Wang Linya You Department of Human Anatomy&Histoembryology School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032China Cumming School of Medicine University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaT2N 4N1Canada Glioma Surgery Division Department of NeurosurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China Department of Pathology Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China Department of Neurosurgery Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China shanghai key laboratory of Medical Imaging computing and Computer Assisted Intervention Fudan UniversityShanghai200040China School of Mathematics and Statistics Hainan Normal UniversityHaikou570100China

The association of neurogenesis and gliogenesis with glioma remains *** conducting single-cell RNA-seq analyses on 26 gliomas,we reported their classification into primitive oligodendrocyte precursor cell(pri-OPC)-like and radial glia(RG)-like tumors and validated it in a public cohort and TCGA *** RG-like tumors exhibited wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase and tended to carry EGFR mutations,and the pri-OPC-like ones were prone to carrying TP53 *** subclones only in pri-OPC-like tumors showed substantially down-regulated MHC-I genes,suggesting their distinct immune evasion ***,the two subgroups appeared to extensively modulate glioma-infiltrating lymphocytes in distinct *** specific genes not expressed in normal immune cells were found in glioma-infiltrating *** example,glial/glioma stem cell markers OLIG1/PTPRZ1 and B cell-specific receptors IGLC2/IGKC were expressed in pri-OPC-like and RG-like glioma-infiltrating lymphocytes,*** expression was positively correlated with those of immune checkpoint genes(e.g.,LGALS33)and poor survivals as validated by the increased expression of LGALS3 upon IGKC overexpression in Jurkat *** finding indicated a potential inhibitory role in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and could provide a new way of cancer immune evasion.

关键词： single-cell RNA-seq glioma radial glia primitive oligodendrocyte precursor cell immune escape

A strong physical unclonable function with machine learning immunity for Internet of Things application

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 271-283页

作者： Pengpeng REN Yongkang XUE Linglin JING Lining ZHANG Runsheng WANG Zhigang JI National key laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Micro/Nano Electronics Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University School of Integrated Circuits Peking University

The physical unclonable functions(PUFs) are novel cryptographic primitives in modern hardware security *** with traditional alternatives based on digital keys and non-volatile memory(NVM),the PUF system shows great unclonability,high efficiency,and physical attack ***,the conventional PUF design suffers from weak machine learning immunity,high storage overhead,and unreliability,making it difficult to implement in the Internet of Things(Io T) and edge computing *** paper presents a new PUF design that could solve the proposed *** utilizing the emission probability of traps commonly found in nano-scaled transistors,a model-based PUF system with strong machine learning resistance could be *** PUF design,called Prob-PUF,needs fewer challengeresponse pairs(CRPs) space and reveals superior resistance to modeling attacks due to the mixture of stable/random bits in its output ***,the Prob-PUF system could reach a high level of uniqueness and robustness,making it a potential candidate for future cryptographically secured protocols within the IoT.

关键词： physical unclonable function (PUF) electron traps authentication encryption cryptography security

Quantum control for time-dependent noise by inverse geometric optimization

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第9期67卷 51-57页

作者： Xiaodong Yang Yingcheng Li Ran Liu Xinfang Nie Tao Xin Dawei Lu Jun Li Institute of Quantum Precision Measurement State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous IntegrationCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China State key laboratory of Surface Physics Department of PhysicsCenter for Field Theory and Particle Physicsand Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum ComputingFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(Guangdong) Shenzhen 518045China

Quantum systems are exceedingly difficult to engineer because they are sensitive to various types of *** particular,timedependent noises are frequently encountered in experiments but how to overcome them remains a challenging *** this work,we propose a flexible robust control technique to resist time-dependent noises based on inverse geometric optimization working in the filter-function *** basic idea is to parameterize the control filter function geometrically and minimize its overlap with the noise spectral *** then effectively reduces the noise susceptibility of the controlled system *** show that the proposed method can produce high-quality robust pulses for realizing desired quantum evolutions under realistic noise ***,we demonstrate this method in examples including dynamical decoupling and quantum sensing protocols to enhance their performances.

关键词： time-dependent noise robust control quantum gates and states dynamical decoupling quantum sensing

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Embedding differential privacy in decision tree algorithm with different depths

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第8期60卷 136-150页

作者： Xuanyu BAI Jianguo YAO Mingxuan YUAN Ke DENG Xike XIE Haibing GUAN shanghai key laboratory of scalable computing and systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Differential privacy(DP) has become one of the most important solutions for privacy protection in recent years. Previous studies have shown that prediction accuracy usually increases as more data mining(DM)logic is considered in the DP implementation. However, although one-step DM computation for decision tree(DT) model has been investigated, existing research has not studied the scenarios when the DP is embedded in two-step DM computation, three-step DM computation until the whole model DM computation. It is very challenging to embed DP in more than two steps of DM computation since the solution space exponentially increases with the increase of computational complexity. In this work, we propose algorithms by making use of Markov Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC) method, which can efficiently search a computationally infeasible space to embed DP into DT generation algorithm. We compare the performance when embedding DP in DT with different depths, i.e., one-step DM computation(previous work), two-step, three-step and the whole model. We find that the deep combination of DP and DT does help to increase the prediction accuracy. However, when the privacy budget is very large(e.g., ? = 10), this may overwhelm the complexity of DT model, and the increasing trend is not obvious. We also find that the prediction accuracy decreases with the increase of model complexity.

关键词： differential privacy decision tree exponential mechanism exhaustive search MCMC