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Investigating aldehyde and ketone compounds produced from indoor cooking emissions and assessing their health risk to human beings

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 389-398页

作者： Wei Zhang Zhe Bai Longbo Shi Jung Hyun Son Ling Li Lina Wang Jianmin Chen Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Aldehyde and ketone compounds are ubiquitous in the air and prone to adverse effects on human health.Cooking emission is one of the major indoor sources.Aiming to evaluate health risks associated with inhalation exposure to aldehyde and ketone compounds,13 carbonyl compounds(CCs)released from heating 5 edible oils,3 seasonings,and 2 dishes were investigated in a kitchen laboratory.For the scenarios of heating five types of oil,aldehydes accounted for 61.1%-78.0%of the total emission,mainly acetaldehyde,acrolein and hexanal.Comparatively,heating oil with added seasonings released greater concentrations of aldehyde and ketone compounds.The concentration enhancement of larger molecular aldehydes was significantly greater.The emission factors of aldehyde and ketone compounds for cooking the dish of chili friedmeatweremuch greater compared to that of tomato fried eggs.Therefore,food materials also had a great impact on the aldehyde and ketone emissions.Acetone and acetaldehyde were the most abundant CCs in the kitchen.Acrolein concentrations ranged from 235.18 to 498.71μg/m^(3),which was about 100 times greater compared to the guidelines provided by Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment(OEHHA).The acetaldehyde inhalation for adultswas 856.83-1515.55μg and 56.23-192.79μg from exposure to chili fried meat and tomato fried eggs,respectively.This exceeds the reference value of 90μg/day provided by OEHHA.The findings of this study provided scientific evidences for the roles of cooking emissions on indoor air quality and human health.

关键词： Aldehyde and ketone Indoor cooking Emission factor Health risk

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Rh_2O_3/monoclinic CePO_4 composite catalysts for N_2O decomposition and CO oxidation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第1期26卷 109-115页

作者： Huan Liu Zhen Ma Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan University

CePO_4(in particular,monoclinic CePO_4)has been rarely used to make supported catalysts.Herein,monoclinic CePO_4 nanoparticles were prepared by calcining hexagonal CePO_4 nanorods(prepared by precipitation)in air at 900℃.Monoclinic CePO_4 nanowires were prepared by calcining hexagonal CePO_4 nanowires(prepared by hydrothermal synthesis at 150℃)in air at 900℃.Both monoclinic CePO_4 materials were used to support Rh_2O_3 by impregnation using Rh(NO_3)_3 as a precursor(followed by calcination).The catalytic performance of Rh_2O_3/monoclinic CePO_4 composite materials in N_2O decomposition and CO oxidation was investigated.It was found that Rh_2O_3 supported on monoclinic CePO_4 nanowires was much more active than Rh_2O_3 supported on monoclinic CePO_4 nanoparticles.The stability of catalysts as a function of reaction time on stream was studied in both reactions.The influence of co-fed CO_2,O_2,and H_2O on the catalytic activity in N_2O decomposition was also studied.These catalysts were characterized by employing N_2 adsorption–desorption,ICP-OES,XRD,TEM,XPS,H_2-TPR,O_2-TPD,and CO_2-TPD.The correlation between physicochemical properties and catalytic properties was discussed.

关键词： CePO4 合成催化剂 N2O 分解 CO2-TPD 氧化 ICP-OES 解吸附作用

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Au nanoring arrays as surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrate for chemical component study of individual atmospheric aerosol particle

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第2期33卷 11-17页

作者： Hanyun Cheng Xu Dong Yang Yang Yiqing Feng Tao Wang Muhammad Ali Tahir Liwu Zhang Hongbo Fu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science&EngineeringFudan UniuersityShanghai200433China shanghai Institute of pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China

Monolayer-ordered gold nanoring arrays were prepared by ion-sputtering method and used as surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)substrates to test the individual atmospheric aerosols particle.Compared to other methods used for testing atmospheric aerosols particles,the collection and subsequent detection in our work is performed directly on the gold nanoring SERS substrate without any treatment of the analyte.The SERS performance can be tuned by changing the depth of the gold nanoring cavity as originating from coupling of dipolar modes at the inner and outer surfaces of the nanorings.The electric field exhibits uniform enhancement and polarization in the ordered Au nanoring substrate,which can improve the accuracy for detecting atmospheric aerosol particles.Combined with Raman mapping,the information about chemical composition of individual atmospheric aerosols particle and distribution of specific components can be presented visually.The results show the potential of SERS in enabling improved analysis of aerosol particle chemical composition,mixing state,and other related physicochemical properties.

关键词： Raman SERS Aerosol Nanoring Chemical component

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Effect of relative humidity and the presence of aerosol particles on the α-pinene ozonolysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第9期30卷 99-107页

作者： Guoqiang Zhang Hongbo Fu Jianmin Chen Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP^(3)) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringInstitute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

The α-pinene ozonolysis under the different environmental conditions were observed in a smog chamber. The second-order rate constant （k） was determined to be （7.25 ± 0.06） x 10^-17 cm^3/（molecule.sec） under 20% of relative humidity （RH） and room temperature. RH showed a marked influence on the α-pinene ozonolysis. The value of k increased with KH increase, which was 1.6 times faster at RH = 80% than that at RH = 20%. Additionally, the value of k apparently changed in the presence of the aerosol particles. The diesel soot increased the k value. The fly ash prohibited the reaction, however, H2SO4-treated fly ash promoted the reaction. The information of products gained using FT-IR and SPAMS showed that pinonic acid, 10-hydroxy-pinonic acid and pinic acid could be generated during the α- pinene ozonolysis. Water molecules could take part in the formation of the products, and play a vital role in the degradation of α-pinene. The atmospheric residence time calculation showed that the ozonolysis in the atmosphere is an important way of the α-pinene consumption as compared to that reacted with OH during daytime. The results suggested that the degradation of α-pinene via the ozonization in the atmosphere may be affected greatly by RH, as well as the presence of aerosol particles. The ozonolysis reaction may be an important way of the a-pinene consumption during daytime.

关键词： α-Pinene Ozonolysis RH% Seed aerosol Rate constant

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中国霾事件中被低估的光化学敏化过程

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Science Bulletin 2020年第19期65卷 1590-1592页

作者：刘阳养张立武 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China shanghai Institute of pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China

In the latest decade,China has experienced frequent fine particle pollution(aerodynamic diameters≤2.5μm,PM2.5),and over one million Chinese people die per year due to air pollution events[1].Notably,a long-lasting haze event that occurred in January 2013 affected more than 50%population of China[2],which thus received much health concern from the public.Secondary inorganic sulfate aerosol has been well characterized as a principal constituent in the collected fine particulate matter during air pollution events and it can cause adverse effects on human health and environmental issue through acid deposition.

关键词： pollution deposition. aerosol

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A new portable open-path instrument for ambient NH_(3) and on-road emission measurements

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 606-614页

作者： Wenhao Dai Shanshan Wang Sanbao Zhang Jian Zhu Chuanqi Gu Zhibin Sun Ruibin Xue Bin Zhou Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Institute of Eco-Chongming(IEC) Shanghai 202162China Institute of atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Increased attentions to vehicle emission of NH_(3)have been paid since it is generally regarded as an important source in urban areas.Here,we developed a movable instrument based on Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy(DOAS)principle for detecting on-road NH_(3),which can avoid the losses in the sampling process attributed to the non-sampling methods.For this mobile DOAS,the temporal resolution,detection limit and relative error for NH_(3)were 1 min,2.29 ppbv and 4.57%±2.44%,respectively.By employed to the on-road measurements along the arterial highway in shanghai,the spatial distributions of NH_(3)and NO were obtained,and their dependence of traffic and road conditions were studied.The slopes of linear regression between NH_(3)and NO were 0.40,0.02 and 0.07 on the Middle Ring Road,Outer Ring Road and Chongming Island Ring Road.It indicates that light gasoline vehicles(LGVs)were found to be the main contributor to NH_(3)emissions,while heavy-duty diesel vehicles(HDVs)mainly emitted NO.Based on the measured NH_(3)in the tunnel,the mileagebased NH_(3)emission factor per vehicle was estimated to be 17.9±6.3 mg/km.The reported open-path instrument can be broadly used in on-road pollutant monitoring or vehicle emissions,and the measurements can reveal the real situation of emission characteristics,even find the abnormal operations of vehicle catalyst system.

关键词： Ammonia Traffic emissions DOAS Emission factor Mobile measurements

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Fog composition along the Yangtze River basin: Detecting emission sources of pollutants in fog water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第9期30卷 2-12页

作者： Xianmang Xu Jianmin Chen Chao Zhu Jiarong Li Xiao Sui Lu Liu Jianfeng Sun School of Environmental Science and Engineering Environment Research Institute Shandong University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP) Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan University

To investigate the fog chemistry along the Yangtze River basin, a field observation experiment was performed from shanghai to Vv＇uhan during November 2015. Fifteen fog water samples were collected by using a three-stage Caltech Active Strand Cloud water Collector （CASCC）. The three-stage CASCC was mounted on the board of a ship. PH, electrical conductivity （EC）, H202, HCHO, S（ll0, ten inorganic ions, seven organicacids and sixteen trace metal elements were measured in this study. The pH of fog water samples ranged from weakly acidic （pH 4.3） to weakly alkaline （pH 7.05） and the EC ranged from 32.4 to 436.3 μS/cm. The main cations in fog water were NH^4＋ and Ca2＋, accounting for 12.35% and 29.07% of those inorganic ions, respectively. In addition, SO24- and NO^-3 contributed to 25.52% and 12.93% to total anion concentrations respectively. Moreover, the dominant kinds of organicacids were formate and oxalate, occupying 45.28% and 28.03% of the total organicacids, respectively. For trace metal elements in fog samples, Al, Fe, Zn, and Ba revealed 34.6%, 16.4%, 19.3%, and 20.9% contributions to these sixteen trace element concentrations, respectively. The results indicated that pollutants were mainly from human activities, including fossil fuel combustion, biomass burning, steel-making, stone quarrying and sand digging. Besides, natural sources including natural background levels and long-range transport of sea salt particles also aggravated the pollution levels in the fog events along the Yangtze River.

关键词： Fog water chemistry Three-stage CASCCT race metal elements

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Photooxidation of Methacrolein in Fe(III)-Oxalate Aqueous System and Its atmospheric Implication

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Advances in atmospheric Sciences 2021年第7期38卷 1252-1263页

作者： Yu WANG Jie ZHAO Huihui LIU Yuan LI Wenbo DONG Yanlin WU Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science&EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China shanghai Institute of pollution Control And Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China

Iron and oxalic acids are widely distributed in the atmosphere and easily form ferric oxalate complex(Fe(III)-Ox).The tropospheric aqueous-phase could provide a medium to enable the photo-Fenton reaction with Fe(III)-Ox under solar irradiation.Although the photolysis mechanisms of Fe(III)-Ox have been investigated extensively,information about the oxidation of volatile organic compounds(VOC),specifically the potential for Secondary Organic Aerosol(SOA)formation in the Fe(III)-Ox system,is lacking.In this study,a ubiquitous VOC methacrolein(MACR)is chosen as a model VOC,and the oxidation of MACR with Fe(III)-Ox is investigated under typical atmospheric water conditions.The effects of oxalate concentration,Fe(III)concentration,MACR concentration,and pH on the oxidation of MACR are studied in detail.Results show that the oxidation rate of MACR greatly accelerates in the presence of oxalate when compared with only Fe(III).The oxidation rate of MACR also accelerates with increasing concentration of oxalate.The effect of Fe(III)is found to be more complicated.The oxidation rate of MACR first increases and then decreases with increasing Fe(III)concentration.The oxidation rate of MACR increases monotonically with decreasing pH in the common atmospheric water pH range or with decreasing MACR concentration.The production of ferrous and hydrogen peroxide,pH,and aqueous absorbance are monitored throughout the reaction process.The quenching experiments verify that·OH and O_(2)^(+)are both responsible for the oxidation of MACR.MACR is found to rapidly oxidize into small organic acids with higher boiling points and oligomers with higher molecular weight,which contributes to the yield of SOA.These results suggest that Fe(III)-Ox plays an important role in atmospheric oxidation.

关键词： Fe(III)-Ox OH radical atmospheric oxidation SOA methacrolein

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Decomposition of Potent Greenhouse Gases SF_6,CF_4 and SF_5CF_3 by Dielectric Barrier Discharge

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Plasma Science and Technology 2016年第4期18卷 388-393页

作者：张仁熙王婧婷曹栩侯惠奇 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science & EngineeringFudan University

For their distinguished global warming potential（GWP100）and long atmosphere lifespan,CF_4,SF_6 and SF_5CF_3were significant in the field of greenhouse gas research.The details of discharging character and the optimal parameter were discussed by using a Dielectric Barrier Discharge（DBD）reactor to decompose these potent greenhouse gases in this work.The results showed that SF_6 could be decomposed by 92% under the conditions of 5 min resident time and3000 V applied voltage with the partial pressure of 2.0 k Pa,28.2 k Pa,and 1.8 k Pa for SF_6,air and water vapor,respectively.0.4 k Pa CF_4 could be decomposed by 98.2% for 4 min resident time with 30 k Pa Ar added.The decomposition of SF_5CF_3 was much more effective than that of SF_6 and CF_4and moreover,1.3 k Pa SF_5CF_3,discharged with 30 k PaO_2,Ar and air,could not be detected when the resident time was 80 s,40 s,and 120 s,respectively.All the results indicated that DBD was a feasible technique for the abatement of potent greenhouse gases.

关键词： dielectric barrier discharge SF_5CF_3 CF_4 SF_6

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Do vehicular emissions dominate the source of C6–C8 aromatics in the megacity shanghai of eastern China?

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第1期27卷 290-297页

作者： Hongli Wang Qian Wang Jianmin Chen Changhong Chen Cheng Huang Liping Qiao Shengrong Lou Jun Lu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan University State Environmental Protection key laboratory of Formation and prevention of Urban Air pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences

The characteristic ratios of volatile organic compounds（VOCs） to i-pentane, the indicator of vehicular emissions, were employed to apportion the vehicular and non-vehicular contributions to reactive species in urban shanghai. Two kinds of tunnel experiments, one tunnel with more than 90% light duty gasoline vehicles and the other with more than 60% light duty diesel vehicles, were carried out to study the characteristic ratios of vehicle-related emissions from December 2009 to January 2010. Based on the experiments, the characteristic ratios of C6–C8aromatics to i-pentane of vehicular emissions were 0.53 ± 0.08（benzene）, 0.70 ± 0.12（toluene）,0.41 ± 0.09（m,p-xylenes）, 0.16 ± 0.04（o-xylene）, 0.023 ± 0.011（styrene）, and 0.15 ± 0.02（ethylbenzene）, respectively. The source apportionment results showed that around 23.3% of C6–C8 aromatics in urban shanghai were from vehicular emissions, which meant that the non-vehicular emissions had more importance. These findings suggested that emission control of non-vehicular sources, i.e. industrial emissions, should also receive attention in addition to the control of vehicle-related emissions in shanghai. The chemical removal of VOCs during the transport from emissions to the receptor site had a large impact on the apportionment results. Generally, the overestimation of vehicular contributions would occur when the VOC reaction rate constant with OH radicals（k OH） was larger than that of the vehicular indicator, while for species with smaller k OH than the vehicular indicator, the vehicular contribution would be underestimated by the method of characteristic ratios.

关键词： Aromatics Characteristic ratio Vehicular emissions Non-vehicular emissions shanghai

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