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Decoupled water electrolysis:Flexible strategy for pure hydrogen production with small voltage inputs

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 340-356页

作者： Kexin Zhou Jiahui Huang Daili Xiang Aijiao Deng Jialei Du Hong Liu Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of ShandongUniversity of JinanJinan 250022ShandongChina State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJinan 250100ShandongChina Zhengzhou vocational college of Industrial Safety Zhengzhou 451192HenanChina

Hydrogen gas is widely regarded as an ideal green energy carrier and a potential alternative to fossil fuels for coping with the aggravating energy crisis and environmental ***,the vast majority of the world's hydrogen is produced by reforming fossil fuels;however,this hydrogen-making technology is not sustainable or environmentally friendly because ofits high energy consumption and large carbon ***-driven water splitting(2H_(2)0-2H_(2)+0_(2))becomes an extensively studied scheme for sustain-able hydrogen *** water electrolysis requires an input voltage higher than 1.23 V and forms a gas mixture of H_(2)/O_(2),which results in high electricity consumption,potential safety hazards,and harmful reactive oxygen *** virtue of the auxiliary redox mediators(RMs)as the robust H^(+)/e^(-)reservoir,decoupled electrolysis splits water at a much lower potential and evolves O_(2)(H_(2)O+RMS_(ox)-O_(2)+H-RMS_(red))and H_(2)(H-RMS_(red)-H_(2)+RMS_(ox))at separate times,rates,and spaces,thus pro-ducing the puretarget hydrogen gas *** electrolysis has accelerated the development ofwater electrolysis technology for H_(2) ***,itis still lack of a comprehensive and in-depth review in this field based on different types of *** review highlights the basic principles and critical progress of this emerging water electrolysis mode over the past *** representative examples are then dis-played in detail according to the differences in the *** rational choice and design of RMs have also been ***,novel applications of decoupled water splitting are briefly discussed,including the manufacture of valuable chemicals,Cl_(2) production,pollutant degradation,and other half-reactions in artificial ***,thekey characteristics and disadvantages of each type of mediator are sum-marized in *** addition,we present an outlook for future directions in decoupled

关键词： Hydrogen production Conventional water splitting Decoupled water splitting Redox mediators Biomimetics

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An initial investigation of the non-isotropic feature of GNSS tropospheric delay

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Satellite Navigation 2024年第1期5卷 155-167页

作者： Ying Xu Zaozao Yang Hongzhan Zhou Fangzhao Zhang college of Geodesy and Geomatics Shandong University of Science and Technology579 Qianwangang RoadQingdao266590ShandongChina

Tropospheric delay is a significant error source in Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS)*** Path Delay(SPD)is commonly derived by multiplying Zenith Tropospheric Delay(ZTD)with a mapping ***,mapping functions,assuming atmospheric isotropy,restrict the accuracy of derived *** improve the accuracy,a horizontal gradient correction is introduced to account for azimuth-dependent SPD variations,treating the atmosphere as *** study uncovers that,amidst atmospheric dynamics and spatiotemporal changes in moisture content,the SPD deviates from that based on traditional isotropy or anisotropy *** innovatively introduces the concept that SPD exhibits non-isotropy with respect to azimuth *** validation involves assessing SPD accuracy using three mapping functions at five International GNSS Service(IGS)stations,referencing the SPD with the ray-tracing *** subsequently evaluates the SPD accuracy with horizontal gradient correction based on Vienna Mapping Function 3(VMF3)***,the non-isotropic of SPD is analyzed through the ray-tracing *** results indicate the smallest residual(1.1–82.7 mm)between the SPDs with VMF3 and those with the ***,introducing horizontal gradient correction yields no significant improvement of SPD *** potential decimeter-level differences in SPD due to non-isotropic tropospheric delay across azimuth angles,a precise grasp and summary of these variations is pivotal for accurate tropospheric delay *** finding provides vital support for future high-precision tropospheric delay modeling.

关键词： Tropospheric delay GNSS Non-isotropy Mapping function Ray-tracing Horizontal gradient ERA5

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Biochar alleviates apple replant disease by reducing the growth of Fusarium oxysporum and regulating microbial communities

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 657-671页

作者： Yinghao Liu Can Wang Ran Chen Weitao Jiang Yun Li Chengmiao Yin Yanfang Wang Zhiquan Mao college of Chemistry and Material Science Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandong 271018China State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/college of Horticultural Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandong 271018China

Apple replant disease(ARD)negatively affects plant growth and reduces yields in replanted *** this study,biochar was applied to apple replant soil with Fusarium *** aim was to investigate whether biochar could promote plant growth and alleviate apple replant disease by reducing the growth of harmful soil microorganisms,changing soil microbial community structure and improving the soil *** experiment included five treatments:apple replant soil(CK),methyl bromide fumigation apple replant soil(FM),replant soil with biochar addition(2%),replant soil with *** spore solution(8×10^(7)spores·mL^(-1)),and replant soil with biochar and *** spore solution *** biomass,the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the leaves and roots,and soil environmental variables were *** community composition and community structure were analyzed using 16SrDNA and ITS2 gene *** significantly reduced the abundance of *** and increased soil microbial diversity and *** also increased the soil enzyme activities(urease,invertase,neutral phosphatase,and catalase),the biomass(plant height,fresh weight,dry weight)and the activity of antioxidant enzymes(superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,and catalase).The root indexes of apple seedlings was also increased in replant soil by *** sum,biochar promoted the growth of plants,improved the replant soil environment,and alleviated apple replant disease.

关键词： Biochar Fusarium oxysporum Apple replant disease Soil environment

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ZmCER1,a putative ECERIFERUM 1 protein in maize,functions in cuticular wax biosynthesis and bulliform cell development

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 743-752页

作者： Yan Zhao Qingzhi Liu Xueran Wang Weixiao Zhang Wei Xu Yongzhong Zhang Baoshen Liu college of Agronomy Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018ShandongChina Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences Qingdao 266100ShandongChina

The cuticular wax,acting as the ultimate defense barrier,is essential for the normal morphogenesis of plant *** this importance,the connection between wax composition and leaf development has not been thoroughly *** this study,we characterized a new maize mutant,ragged leaf4(rgd4),which exhibits crinkled and ragged leaves starting from the sixth leaf *** phenotype of rgd4 is conferred by ZmCER1,which encoding an aldehyde decarbonylase involved in wax ***1 function deficient mutant displayed reduced cuticular wax density and disordered bulliform cells(BCs),while ZmCER1 overexpressing plants exhibited the opposite effects,indicating that ZmCER1 regulates cuticular wax biosynthesis and BCs ***,as the density of cuticular wax increased,the water loss rate of detached leaf decreases,suggesting that ZmCER1 is positively correlated with plant drought tolerance.

关键词： Ragged leaf ZmCER1 Cuticular wax Bulliform cells

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Fractal Study on the Evolution of Micro-Pores in Concrete Under Freeze-Thaw

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第1期39卷 109-117页

作者：孙浩然邹春霞 XU Deru GUO Xiaosong HUANG Kun college of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China Xi’an HaiTang vocational college Xi’an 710038China

After exposure to freeze-thaw cycles, scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) were used to test the four mixtures. The microstructure is qualitatively analyzed from the 2D SEM image and the 3D pore distribution curve before and after freezing and thawing. The fractal dimension is utilized to characterize the two-dimensional topography image and the three-dimensional pore distribution, quantitatively. The results reveal that the surface porosity and volume porosity increase as the freeze-thaw action increases. Self-similarity characteristics exist in micro-damage inside the concrete. In the fractal dimension, it is possible to characterize pore evolution quantitatively. The fractal dimension correlates with pore damage evolution. The fractal dimension effectively quantitatively characterizes micro-damage features at various scales from the local to the global level.

关键词： fractal dimension freeze-thaw cycle concrete SEM NMR

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Balanced Fracturing and Cold-welding of Magnesium during Ball Milling Assisted by Carbon Coating:Experimental and Molecular Dynamic Simulation

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第4期39卷 895-903页

作者：韩宗盈 DONG Hui DING Guoyang ZHANG Jiale SONG Xiufang college of Energy Storage Technology Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China college of Chemical and Biological Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

The lignite-derived carbon from self-protection pyrolysis was employed to balance the fracturing and cold-welding of magnesium during ball *** size analysis indicates that the introduction of lignite-derived carbon can effectively reduce the particle size of Mg while the introduction of graphite does no ***,the effect of lignite-derived carbon on crystallite size reduction of Mg is also better than graphite.A moderate cold-welding phenomenon was observed after ball-milling Mg with the lignite-derived carbon,suggesting less Mg is wasted on the milling vials and *** dynamic simulations reveal that the balanced fracturing and cold-welding of magnesium during ball milling is mainly attributed to the special structure of the lignite-derived carbon:graphitized short-range ordered stacking function as dry lubricant and irregular shape/sharp edge function as milling *** preliminary findings in current study are expected to offer implications for designing efficient Mg-based hydrogen storage materials.

关键词： magnesium lignite-derived carbon cold-welding ball milling molecular dynamic

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Numerical Simulation of the Settling Flux of Biodeposition in a Bay with Cage Culture Through Similarity Theory and a Simplified Pollution Source

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第1期23卷 247-254页

作者： LIU Yao CHEN Yifan GE Changzi Marine college Shandong UniversityWeihai 264209China

The settling flux of biodeposition affects the environmental quality of cage culture areas and determines their environmental carrying *** and effective simulation of the settling flux of biodeposition is extremely important for determining the spatial distribution of ***,biodeposition in cage culture areas without specific emission rules can be simplified as point source *** is a fluid simulation software that can simulate the dispersion of particulate matter simply and *** on the simplification of pollution sources and bays,the settling flux of biodeposition can be easily and effectively simulated by Fluent fluid *** the present work,the feasibility of this method was evaluated by simulation of the settling flux of biodeposition in Maniao Bay,Hainan Province,China,and 20 sampling sites were selected for determining the settling *** sampling sites P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,Z1,Z2,Z3,Z4,A1,A2,A3,A4,B1,B2,C1,C2,C3 and C4,the measured settling fluxes of biodeposition were 26.02,15.78,10.77,58.16,6.57,72.17,12.37,12.11,106.64,150.96,22.59,11.41,18.03,7.90,19.23,7.06,11.84,5.19 and 2.57 g d^(−1)m^(−2),*** simulated settling fluxes of biodeposition at the corresponding sites were 16.03,23.98,8.87,46.90,4.52,104.77,16.03,8.35,180.83,213.06,39.10,17.47,20.98,9.78,23.25,7.84,15.90,6.06 and 1.65 g d^(−1)m^(−2),*** was a positive correlation between the simulated settling fluxes and measured ones(R=0.94,P=2.22×10^(−9)<0.05),which implies that the spatial differentiation of biodeposition flux was well ***,the posterior difference ratio of the simulation was 0.38,and the small error probability was 0.94,which means that the simulated results reached an acceptable level from the perspective of relative ***,if nonpoint source pollution is simplified to point source pollution and open waters are simplified based on similarity theory,the setting flux of biodeposition i

关键词： fluent fluid simulation software pollution source simplification posterior difference ratio similarity theory Spear-man correlation

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Comprehensive analyses of the proteome and ubiquitome revealed mechanism of high temperature accelerating petal abscission in tree peony

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 205-222页

作者： Chunying Liu Ziqi Liu Yanchao Yuan Yuxi Zhang Yifu Fang Junqiang Chen Shupeng Gai Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in shandong Province College of Life SciencesQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandong 266109China shandong Academy of Forestry JinanShandong 250014China

Tree peony(Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews)is a well-known ornamental plant with high economic value,but the short fluorescence is a key obstacle to its ornamental value and industry *** temperature accelerates flower senescence and abscission,but the associated mechanisms are poorly *** this study,the tandem mass tag(TMT)proteome and label-free quantitative ubiquitome from tree peony cut flowers treated with 20℃for 0 h(RT0),20℃or 28℃for 60 h(RT60 or HT60)were examined based on morphological observation,***,6970 proteins and 1545 lysine ubiquitinated(Kub)sites in 844 proteins were *** residues(such as glutamate and aspartate)neighboring the Kub sites were in preference,and 36.01%of the Kub sites were located on the protein *** differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)and Kub-DEPs in HT60 vs RT60 were mainly enriched in ribosomal protein,protein biosynthesis,secondary metabolites biosynthesis,flavonoid metabolism,carbohydrate catabolism,and auxin biosynthesis and signaling revealed by GO and KEGG analysis,accompanying the increase of endogenous abscisic acid(ABA)accumulation and decrease of endogenous indoleacetic acid(IAA)***,the expression patterns of six enzymes(SAMS,ACO,YUC,CHS,ANS and PFK)putatively with Kub modifications were analyzed by proteome and real-time quantitative *** cell-free degradation assays showed PsSAMS and PsACO proteins could be degraded via the 26 S proteasome system in tree peony ***,a working model was proposed for the acceleration of flower senescence and abscission by high *** summary,all results contributed to understanding the mechanism of flower senescence induced by high temperature and prolonging fluorescence in tree peony.

关键词： Tree peony Proteome Ubiquitome High temperature Flower senescence

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Insights into the dwarfing mechanism of pear(Pyrus betulaefolia) based on anatomical and structural analysis using X-ray scanning

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第2期10卷 355-366页

作者： Lili Dong Chuxuan Yang Jing Wang Jingjing Li Mei Zhao Dingli Li Zhiyun Qiu Chunhui Ma Zhenhua Cui college of Horticulture Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandong 266109China college of Landscape and Forestry Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandong 266109China

The lack of a suitable rootstock to control scion growth has limited the development of high-density plantations in pear production, which is partly attributed to poor understanding of the dwarfing mechanism. In the present study, the rootstock of the dwarf-type pear (Pyrus betulaefolia)PY-9’ was identified and used as the material for anatomical ***-9’ grew to half the tree height of the normal cultivar Zhengdu’, along with fewer internodes and shorter length. Significant differences in growth rate betweenPY-9’ andZhengdu’ were detected at approximately 30 days after full bloom, which corresponded with the time of the greatest difference in water potential between the dwarf and normal ***-9’ showed a higher photosynthetic rate thanZhengdu’. Anatomical analysis showed thatPY-9’ had higher area ratios of both phloem and xylem and more developed vascular tissues thanZhengdu’. The three-dimensional reconstructed skeleton of the xylem from X-ray computed tomography scanning revealed greater intervessel connectivity inZhengdu’ than inPY-9’, which could contribute to the more vigorous growth ofZhengdu’. This study thus provides the first comparison of the microstructural properties of xylem elements between a dwarfing-type and vigorous-type pear rootstock, providing new insights into the dwarfing mechanism in pear and facilitating breeding of dwarf pear rootstocks to increase crop productivity.

关键词： Pyrus betulaefolia Anatomical analysis Dwarfing mechanism Intervessel connectivity Rootstock

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Dual sliding mode coordinated control of manipulator grasping system with visual assistance

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第1期22卷 106-121页

作者： Pengxin Zhang Haisheng Yu Xiangxiang Meng Zhe Li Qing Yang Xunkai Gao college of Automation Qingdao UniversityQingdao266071ShandongChina shandong Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Qingdao266071ShandongChina

The operation efficiency of the manipulator is placed in the primary position in automatic production. This paper proposes a coordinated control strategy for joint servo and visual servo to enable timely transfer and accurate gripping in the working area. Aiming at the issues of chattering and slow convergence of traditional sliding mode controller, a fast variable power reaching rate on the basis of the non-singular fast terminal sliding mode controller is proposed, which can effectively reduce the convergence time and chattering. For the purpose of addressing the problem that the traditional visual servo control method is sensitive to the environment, a visual servo controller based on integral sliding mode is proposed, to ensure the favorable positioning accuracy of the manipulator. Based on the two proposed controllers mentioned above, a coordinated control strategy is used to implement the control of the manipulator. Finally, the upper computer software is developed using the C# programming language to monitor the workstation. The feasibility of the above-mentioned method is verified through multiple simulations and experiments.

关键词： Automatic production Joint servo Visual servo Coordinated control Non-singular fast terminal sliding mode Integral sliding mode

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