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Response surface optimization of preparation parameters and evaluation of the antioxidant and antihypertensive activities of Spirulina protein hydrolysates

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2025年第1期43卷 196-209页

作者： Qishan SUO Zhenzhen DENG Yang YUE Jing WANG Ning WU Lihua GENG Quanbin ZHANG CAS and shandong Province key laboratory of Experimental marine Biology Center for Ocean Mega-ScienceInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China laboratory for marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 101408China

Safety,high protein content,and the numerous health benefits make Spirulina an outstanding source of bioactive *** from Spirulina,which exhibit antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and antihypertensive effects,may assist in the management of cardiovascular diseases(CVDs).Here,we present the optimization of enzyme-digested hydrolysates derived from Spirulina *** using response surface methodology(RSM).We also evaluated the biological activity of Spirulina protein hydrolysates(SPHs)in contributing to the amelioration of hypertension and associated cardiovascular *** findings suggest that Spirulina protein extracts contain a complex proteinaceous composition with phycocyanin being the dominant protein,as evidenced by both SDS-PAGE and LC-MS/MS *** protease,protease K,andα-chymotrypsin exhibited a substantial hydrolytic effect on Spirulina protein,taking into account their degree of hydrolysis(DH),peptide yield,and molecular weight ***-factor experiments identified pH,temperature,and enzyme/substrate ratio as the key factors influencing ***,optimal hydrolysis conditions for the proteases were determined via RSM,leading to a considerable enhancement of the actual *** showed that SPHs have strong antioxidant activity against various free radicals,with a higher ability to scavenge hydroxyl ***,SPHs inhibited macrophage nitric oxide secretion and significantly inhibited angiotensin I-converting enzyme in vitro at 400μg/*** is worth noting that SPHs prepared with protease K exhibited a potent anti-hypertensive effect in *** findings indicate the potential usefulness of including dietary SPHs in preventing hypertension and associated *** research could be valuable in guiding the development of health-promoting foods within the Spirulina industry.

关键词： antioxidant activity antihypertensive effect angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition response surface methodology Spirulina

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Efficient conversion of chitin to HMF under the cocatalytic system of formic acid and silicotungstic acid

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2025年第1期43卷 261-273页

作者： Luxiao ZHOU Kun GAO Peng HE Huahua YU Ronge XING Song LIU Yukun QIN College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China CAS and shandong Province key laboratory of Experimental marine Biology Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China laboratory for marine Drugs and Bioproducts Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266237China

The conversion process of chitin,one of the abundant biomass resources on the earth,not only follows the principles of green chemistry,but also has significant value in industrial ***,it is a great challenge to directly convert insoluble and rigid structured chitin to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF).To address this issue,we developed a green conversion process combining pretreatment and catalytic *** was first pretreated by hexafluoro isopropanol(HFIP),which somewhat disrupted the hydrogen bonding network within the chitin ***,formic acid(FA)and silicotungstic acid(STA)synergistically catalyzed the conversion to HMF in a biphasic system of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran(2-Me-THF)/H2O,and high yields(40.2%)HMF was obtained under the optimism *** product distribution was analyzed by HPLC-MS and the co-catalysis of FA with STA was evidenced.A dual-function catalytic system with both Lewis and Br?nsted acids was created,the catalytic system that significantly improved the efficiency of complex tandem catalytic reactions with *** on the experimental results,a possible pathway for chitin conversion was deduced,providing a new catalytic idea for the efficient conversion of chitin to HMF.

关键词： chitin 5-hydroxymethylfurfural 2-Me-THF/H2O biphasic system Lewis and Br?nsted acid

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Internal solitary waves in the Shenhu continental shelf slope break zone of the northern South China Sea generate benthic storms

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Science China Earth sciences 2025年第3期68卷 928-942页

作者： Yonggang JIA Xuezhi FENG Chaoqi ZHU Linsen WANG Xiaolei LIU Cong HU Hongwei WANG shandong Provincial key laboratory of marine Environment and Geological Engineering Ocean University of China laboratory for marine Geology Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center key laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques Ministry of Education Ocean University of China

Internal solitary waves can generate intense bottom currents and turbulent mixing over continental slopes, influencing the redistribution of sediments and pollutants, as well as driving changes in marine geomorphology and ecosystems. However,owing to the lack of detailed quantitative measurements of the bottom boundary layer, the mechanisms and impacts of internal solitary waves in resuspending and transporting seafloor sediments remain poorly understood. In this study, we present highresolution in situ observations of hydrodynamics in the upper layer(14–265 m) and the bottom boundary layer(laboratory measurements, and the observed fluctuating pressure is approximately 2.3 to 7 times greater than that in previous coastal observations. The sediments stirred by benthic storms are transported vertically to more than 100 m above the seabed,with lateral transport extending tens of kilometres beyond the study area. This process is driven by the dynamic mechanism of“strongly nonlinear internal solitary waves lifting sediments, weakly nonlinear internal solitary waves assisted by internal tides,and contour currents transporting sediments.” The suspended sediment flux induced by internal solitary waves in the South China Sea is on the same order of magnitude as that of global dust storm emissions, 21.9 times the volume of Asian dust storms entering the sea, and approximately 21 times the fluvial sediment flux entering the northern South China Sea. These find

关键词： Internal solitary waves Benthic storms Shear stress Suspended sediment flux Fluvial sediment flux

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Efficient photodegradation of perfluoroalkyl substances under visible light by hexagonal ZnIn_(2)S_(4) nanosheets

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第2期148卷 116-125页

作者： Fuyu Liu Hui Xue Tingshuo Kang Qiupei Lei Jiazhe Chen Zhihong Zuo Bin Han Xize Lu Xiao Yang Xiangcheng Shan Xiaoyang Song Qingzhe Zhang Yongguang Yin Yong Cai shandong key laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Pollutant PreventionSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Research Center for Particle Science and Technology Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Shenzhen Research Institute of shandong University A301 Virtual University Park in South DistrictShenzhen 518057China State key laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10085China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International UniversityMiamiFlorida 33199USA

Perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are typical persistent organic pollutants,and their removal is urgently required but *** has shown potential in PFASs degradation due to the redox capabilities of photoinduced charge carriers in ***,hexagonal ZnIn_(2)S_(4)(ZIS)nanosheets were synthesized by a one-pot oil bath method and were well characterized by a series of *** the degradation of sodium p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzenesulfonate(OBS),one kind of representative PFASs,the assynthesized ZIS showed activity superior to P25 TiO_(2) under both simulated sunlight and visible-light *** good photocatalytic performance was attributed to the enhanced light absorption and facilitated charge *** pH conditions were found crucial in the photocatalytic process by influencing the OBS adsorption on the ZIS *** e−and h+were the main active species involved in OBS degradation in the ZIS *** work confirmed the feasibility and could provide mechanistic insights into the degradation and defluorination of PFASs by visible-light photocatalysis.

关键词： PFASs Defluorination Photocatalysis Visible light ZnIn_(2)S_(4)

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The potential of Ca isotopes to trace subducted marine carbonates in deep mantle

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2025年第1期43卷 29-40页

作者： Hongli ZHU Renqiang LIAO Long DU Zhaofeng ZHANG key laboratory of Ocean Observation and Forecasting Center of Deep Sea ResearchInstitute of OceanographyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China laboratory for marine Geology Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266237China College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Research Center for Planetary Science College of Earth SciencesChengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

marine carbonates,the major carrier of carbon upon the upper crust,can be subducted into the Earth’s interior along with oceanic crust,and then returned to the surface through magmatism,which constitute the deep carbon *** process plays an important role in modulating the CO_(2) concentrations in the atmosphere over geologic time,and thus the forming of the habitable ***,identifying recycled marine carbonates in the mantle is critical to well understand the global deep carbon *** is one of the major constituent cations in marine carbonates and its isotopes may be a potential tracer for recycled marine carbonates in the *** further evaluate the capability and challenges of Ca isotopes as such a geochemical tracer,we reviewed the Ca isotopic compositions in important reservoirs and the behavior of Ca isotopes during high-temperature geological processes that are related to the deep carbon cycle,including plate subduction,mantle metasomatism,mantle partial melting,magma differentiation,*** studies show that carbonate-rich marine sediments have significantly lowerδ^(44/40) Ca than the Earth mantle,and metasomatism by such recycled materials can cause lighter Ca isotopic compositions in deep mantle-derived rocks than those of the depleted mantle and mid ocean ridge ***,the Ca isotopic fractionation during partial melting of mantle peridotites is small(~0.10‰)and the Ca isotopic fractionation during plate subduction and intermediate-mafic magma evolution is *** investigations suggest that Ca isotopes have great advances in tracing such recycled materials in the ***,other processes(such as the influence by partial melts of eclogites)may induce similar effects on mantle-derived rocks as subducted marine carbonates but still remains debated,and thus further investigations are strongly needed in the future.

关键词： Ca isotope marine carbonate mantle metasomatism partial melting fractional crystallization

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On using an aerosol thermodynamic model to calculate aerosol acidity of coarse particles

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第2期148卷 46-56页

作者： Zhengyang Fang Shuwei Dong Chengpeng Huang Shiguo Jia Fu Wang Haoming Liu He Meng Lan Luo Yizhu Chen Huanhuan Zhang Rui Li Yujiao Zhu Mingjin Tang State key laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources UtilizationGuangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China College of Earth and Planetary sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Longhua Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shenzhen Shenzhen 518109China School of Atmospheric sciences and Southern marine Science and Engineering Guangdong laboratory(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Institute for Environmental and Climate Research Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Qingdao Eco-environment Monitoring Center of shandong Province Qingdao 266003China Environment Research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

Thermodynamic modeling is still themostwidely usedmethod to characterize aerosol acidity,a critical physicochemical property of atmospheric ***,it remains unclear whether gas-aerosol partitioning should be incorporated when thermodynamicmodels are employed to estimate the acidity of coarse *** this work,field measurements were conducted at a coastal city in northern China across three seasons,and covered wide ranges of temperature,relative humidity and NH_(3) *** examined the performance of different modes of ISORROPIA-II(a widely used aerosol thermodynamic model)in estimating aerosol acidity of coarse and fine *** M0 mode,which incorporates gas-phase data and runs the model in the forward mode,provided reasonable estimation of aerosol acidity for coarse and fine *** to M0,the M1 mode,which runs the model in the forward mode but does not include gas-phase data,may capture the general trend of aerosol acidity but underestimates pH for both coarse and fine particles;M2,which runs the model in the reverse mode,results in large errors in estimated aerosol pH for both coarse and fine particles and should not be used for aerosol acidity ***,M1 significantly underestimates liquid water contents for both fine and coarse particles,while M2 provides reliable estimation of liquid water *** summary,our work highlights the importance of incorporating gas-aerosol partitioning when estimating coarse particle acidity,and thus may help improve our understanding of acidity of coarse particles.

关键词： Aerosol acidity Coarse particles Thermodynamic model Aerosol liquid water ISORROPIA-II Gas-aerosol partitioning

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Down-regulation of SEIPIN transcription attenuated the triacylglycerol accumulation in Nannochloropsis oceanica

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2025年第1期43卷 187-195页

作者： Lixian LIU Li GUO Hang LIU Xiaohui PAN Yanan ZONG Leili FENG Guanpin YANG College of marine Life sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Institutes of Evolution and marine Biodiversity Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China key laboratory of marine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China MoE laboratory of Evolution and marine Biodiversity Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China

Abnormal content of protein SEIPIN causes Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy type 2(BSCL2)in *** studies have shown that Arabidopsis thaliana has evolved three SEIPIN homologs,determining the fusion and size of lipid *** oceanica is a model oleaginous microalga with the accumulation potential of fatty *** believe that the SEIPIN homolog if any in *** should function as it does in humans,plant among *** this study,we identified a homologous gene of SEIPIN in ***,constructed a bacterial plasmid containing the elements controlling the transcription of its complete antisense RNA,and integrated the linearized plasmid into the *** *** obtained a transformant in which the abundance of SEIPIN transcript is significantly *** cytometry analysis showed that the triacylglycerol(TAG)content of the transformant is significantly lower than that of the wild type(WT).Transcriptomic analysis showed that the down-regulation of SEIPIN transcript abundance could affect the protein functioning in endoplasmic reticulum(ER),implying that SEIPIN gene can function in *** in a similar way to that in ***.

关键词： Nannochloropsis oceanica antisense RNA SEIPIN neutral lipid

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How Do Deep Learning Forecasting Models Perform for Surface Variables in the South China Sea Compared to Operational Oceanography Forecasting Systems?

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2025年第1期42卷 178-189页

作者： Ziqing ZU Jiangjiang XIA Xueming ZHU Marie DREVILLON Huier MO Xiao LOU Qian ZHOU Yunfei ZHANG Qing YANG key laboratory of marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting CenterMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China key laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia(RCE-TEA) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Southern marine Science and Engineering Guangdong laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519000China Mercator Ocean International Ramonville Saint Agne 31400France

It is fundamental and useful to investigate how deep learning forecasting models(DLMs)perform compared to operational oceanography forecast systems(OFSs).However,few studies have intercompared their performances using an identical *** this study,three physically reasonable DLMs are implemented for the forecasting of the sea surface temperature(SST),sea level anomaly(SLA),and sea surface velocity in the South China *** DLMs are validated against both the testing dataset and the“OceanPredict”Class 4 *** show that the DLMs'RMSEs against the latter increase by 44%,245%,302%,and 109%for SST,SLA,current speed,and direction,respectively,compared to those against the ***,different references have significant influences on the validation,and it is necessary to use an identical and independent reference to intercompare the DLMs and *** the Class 4 dataset,the DLMs present significantly better performance for SLA than the OFSs,and slightly better performances for other *** error patterns of the DLMs and OFSs show a high degree of similarity,which is reasonable from the viewpoint of predictability,facilitating further applications of the *** extreme events,the DLMs and OFSs both present large but similar forecast errors for SLA and current speed,while the DLMs are likely to give larger errors for SST and current *** study provides an evaluation of the forecast skills of commonly used DLMs and provides an example to objectively intercompare different DLMs.

关键词： forecast error deep learning forecasting model operational oceanography forecasting system validation intercomparison

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Genes and proteins expressed at different life cycle stages in the model protist Euplotes vannus revealed by both transcriptomic and proteomic approaches

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Science China(Life sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 232-248页

作者： Yaohan Jiang Xiao Chen Chundi Wang Liping Lyu Saleh A.Al-Farraj Naomi A.Stover Feng Gao key laboratory of Evolution&marine Biodiversity(Ministry of Education)and Institute of Evolution&marine Biodiversity Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China marine College Shandong UniversityWeihai 264209China Zoology Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of Biology Bradley UniversityPeoria 61625USA laboratory for marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266237China

Sexual reproduction first appeared in unicellular protists and has continued to be an essential biological process in almost all *** protists, which contain both germline and somatic genomes within a single cell, have evolved a special form of sexual reproduction called conjugation that involves mitosis, meiosis, fertilization, nuclear differentiation, genome rearrangement, and the development of unique cellular structures. The molecular basis and mechanisms of conjugation vary dramatically among ciliates, and many details of the process and its regulation are still largely unknown. In order to better comprehend these processes and mechanisms from an evolutionary perspective, this study provides the first comprehensive overview of the transcriptome and proteome profiles during the entire life cycle of the newly-established marine model ciliate Euplotes vannus. Transcriptome analyses from 14 life cycle stages(three vegetative stages and 11 sexual stages) revealed over 26,000 genes that are specifically expressed at different stages, many of which are related to DNA replication,transcription, translation, mitosis, meiosis, nuclear differentiation, and/or genome rearrangement. Quantitative proteomic analyses identified 338 proteins with homologs associated with conjugation and/or somatic nuclear development in other ciliates, including dicer-like proteins, Hsp90 proteins, RNA polymerase Ⅱ and transcription elongation factors, ribosomal-associated proteins, and ubiquitin-related proteins. Four of these homologs belong to the PIWI family, each with different expression patterns identified and confirmed by RT-qPCR,which may function in small RNA-mediated genome rearrangement. Proteins involved in the nonhomologous end-joining pathway are induced early during meiosis and accumulate in the developing new somatic nucleus, where more than 80% of the germline sequences are eliminated from the somatic genome. A number of new candidate genes and proteins likely t

关键词： sexual reproduction transcriptomic proteomic genome rearrangement PIWI NHEJ

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Unveiling an ancient whole-genome duplication event in Stentor,the model unicellular eukaryotes

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Science China Life sciences 2025年第03期 825-835页

作者： Weibo Zheng Chao Li Zhaorui Zhou Xiao Chen Michael Lynch Ying Yan School of Life sciences Ludong University key laboratory of Evolution & marine Biodiversity (Ministry of Education) and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of China Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution Arizona State University marine College Shandong University

Whole-genome duplication(WGD) events are widespread across eukaryotes and have played a significant role in moulding the genetic architectures of diverse organisms. In the present study, the newly sequenced genome of a giant ciliated protist, Stentor roeselii, provides an opportunity for the analysis of the collinearity and retention of reciprocal best-hit genes between two Stentor species. As a main result, we have unveiled a previously undetected ancient WGD event shaping the genome of its congener, Stentor coeruleus, a model protist used in cytological and evolutionary studies. Genomes of two congeners, S. coeruleus and S. roeselii, are compared and analyzed, revealing that:(i)the former exhibits a much higher retention rate of colinear-gene pairs(28%) than does S. roeselii, and in S. coeruleus, 75% of genes that have a RBH hit in S. roeselii, have paralogs with high amino-acid identity, consistent with a WGD event in the lineage leading to S. coeruleus;(ii) the S. roeselii genome possesses extremely short intergenic regions, implying that the lengths of intergenic regions are under strong selection;(iii) the unique characteristics of introns may have been shaped in the common ancestor of heterotrichs;(iv) gene families that play a role in activities of multiple protein kinases and voltage-gated ion channels expanded rapidly in the ancestor of both taxa, possibly relating to the remarkable regenerative ability in Stentor. This study offers new insights into the evolutionary dynamics of ciliate genomes,with implications for understanding of the processes underlying the evolution of genomic complexity.

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