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Study of the reaction mechanism for preparing powdered activated co.e with SO_(2)adsorption capability via one-step rapid activation method under flue gas atmosphere

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 158-168页

作者： Binxuan Zhou Jingcai Chang Jun Li Jinglan Hong Tao Wang Liqiang Zhang Ping Zhou Chunyuan Ma School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China School of Energy and Power Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China Weihai research institute of industrial Technology of shandong University Weihai 264209China

In this study,the impact of different reaction times on the preparation of powdered activated carbon(PAC)using a one-step rapid activation method under flue gas atmosphere is investigated,and the underlying reaction mechanism is summarized.Results indicate that the reaction process of this method can be divided into three stages:stage I is the rapid release of volatiles and the rapid co.sumption of O_(2),primarily occurring within a reaction time range of 0-0.5 s;stage II is mainly the co.tinuous release and diffusion of volatiles,which is the carbonization and activation co.pling reaction stage,and the carbonization process is the main in this stage.This stage mainly occurs at the reaction time range of 0.5 -2.0 s when SL-co.l is used as material,and that is 0.5-3.0 s when JJ-co.l is used as material;stage III is mainly the activation stage,during which activated co.ponents diffuse to both the surface and interior of particles.This stage mainly involves the reaction stage of co.(2)and H2O(g)activation,and it mainly occurs at the reaction time range of 2.0-4.0 s when SL-co.l is used as material,and that is 3.0-4.0 s when JJ-co.l is used as material.Besides,the main function of the first two stages is to provide more diffusion channels and co.tact surfaces/activation sites for the diffusion and activation of the activated co.ponents in the third stage.Mastering the reaction mechanism would serve as a crucial reference and foundation for designing the structure,size of the reactor,and optimal positioning of the activator nozzle in PAC preparation.

关键词： Reaction mechanism Powdered activated co.e preparation SO_(2)adsorption One-step rapid activation Flue gas atmosphere

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Cr-co.taining wastewater treatment based on Cr self-catalysis: a critical review

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 1-22页

作者： Manshu Zhao Xinhua Wang Shuguang Wang Mingming Gao School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution co.trol and Resource Reuse Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Weihai research institute of industrial Technology of shandong University Weihai 264209China

Chromium (Cr), as a transition metal material with multiple redox states, has exhibited the catalysis toward Fenton-like reactions over a wide pH range. Although it is not sensible to add Cr reagents as catalysts due to its toxicity, it is highly promising to remediate Cr-co.taining wastewater through Cr-initiated advanced oxidation processes (Cr-initiated AOPs), which are clean and low-co.t. Moreover, the widely co.cerned Cr-co.plexes, co.sidered as obstacles in the remediation process, can be effectively destroyed by AOPs. Cr self-catalysis is defined as Cr species is both substrate and catalyst. However, the full understanding of Cr self-catalysis, including the generation of intermediates Cr(IV)/Cr(V), the synergetic effects with co.existing ions, and the accumulation of toxic Cr(VI), remains a challenge for the practical application of Cr-initiated AOPs. In this review, relevant researches on Cr self-catalysis during Cr-initiated AOPs are summarized. Specifically, the Cr-Fenton-like reaction, Cr substituted materials, and Cr-sulfite reactions are explored as key mechanisms co.tributing to Cr self-catalysis. Moreover, Cr transformation processes, including synchronously Cr removal, Cr redox reactions, and Cr(VI) accumulation, in AOPs-based synergistic systems are systematically analyzed. Detailed approaches for the detection of active species in AOPs-based systems are also presented. The primary objective of this review is to explore the application of AOPs for Cr-co.taining wastewater remediation based on Cr self-catalysis, and provide fundamental insights and valuable information for future research on Cr-initiated AOPs.

关键词： Self-catalysis Cr-initiated AOPs Cr transformation Cr intermediates Cr-co.taining wastewater

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Novel high-voltage cathode for aqueous zinc ion batteries:Porous K_(0.5)VOPO_(4)·1.5H_(2)O with reversible solid-solution intercalation and co.version storage mechanism

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 71-78,I0003页

作者： Liyu Wang Mingliang Zhao Xiaoyu Zhang Menghua Wu Yu Zong Yu Chen Xinliang Huang Mingjie Xing Xin Ning Wen Wen Daming Zhu Xiaochuan Ren industrial research institute of Nonwovens&Technical Textiles College of Textiles&ClothingShandong Engineering Research Center for Specialty Nonwoven MaterialsQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071ShandongChina Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China

Cathode materials that possess high output voltage,as well as those that can be mass-produced using facile techniques,are crucial for the advancement of aqueous zinc-ion battery(ZIBs)applications,Herein,we present for the first time a new porous K_(0.5)VOPO_(4)·1.5H_(2)O polyanionic cathode(P-KIVP)with high output voltage(above 1.2 V)that can be manufactured at room temperature using straightforward co.recipitation and etching techniques.The P-KVP cathode experiences anisotropic crystal plane expansion via a sequential solid-solution intercalation and phase co.nversion pathway throughout the Zn^(2+)storage process,as co.firmed by in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectrosco.y.Similar to other layered vanadium-based polyanionic materials,the P-KVP cathode experiences a progressive decline in voltage during the cycle,which is demonstrated to be caused by the irreversible co.version into amorphous VO_(x).By introducing a new electrolyte co.taining Zn(OTF)_(2) to a mixed triethyl phosphate and water solution,it is possible to impede this irreversible co.version and obtain a high output voltage and longer cycle life by forming a P-rich cathode electrolyte interface layer.As a proof-of-co.cept,the flexible fiber-shaped ZIBs based on modified electrolyte woven into a fabric watch band can power an electronic watch,highlighting the application potential of P-KVP cathode.

关键词： Aqueous zinc ion battery Cathode Porous material High voltage platform In-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction

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Enhancing Strength-Ductility Synergy of co.rNi-Based Medium-Entropy Alloy Through co.erent L1_(2)Nanoprecipitates and Grain Boundary Precipitates

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第1期37卷 78-88页

作者： Leilei Li Kaikai Song Qingwei Gao Changshan Zhou Xiaoming Liu Yaocen Wang Xiaojun Bai Chongde Cao School of Physical Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710016China Weihai research institute of industrial Technology Shandong UniversityWeihai264209China research and Development institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in ShenzhenShenzhen518057China

The L1_(2)-strengthened co.(34)Cr_(32)Ni_(27)Al_(4)Ti_(3)medium-entropy alloy(MEA)with precipitations of grain boundaries has been developed through selective laser melting(SLM)followed by co.d rolling and annealing,exhibiting excellent strength-ductility synergy.The as-printed alloy exhibits low yield strength(YS)of~384 MPa,ultimate tensile strength(UTS)of~453 MPa,and uniform elongation(UE)of 1.5%due to the existence of the SLM-induced defects.After co.d rolling and annealing,the YS,UTS,and UE are significantly increased to~739 MPa,~1230 MPa,and~47%,respectively.This enhancement primarily originates from the refined grain structure induced by co.d rolling and annealing.The presence of co.erent sphericalγ'precipitates(L1_(2)phases)and Al/Ti-rich precipitates at the grain boundaries,co.pled with increased lattice defects such as dislocations,stacking faults,and ultrafine deformation twins,further co.tribute to the property’s improvement.Our study highlights the potential of SLM in producing high-strength and ductile MEA with co.erent L1_(2)nanoprecipitates,which can be further optimized through subsequent rolling and annealing processes.These findings offer valuable insights for the development of high-performance alloys for future engineering applications.

关键词： Medium-entropy alloy Selective laser melting Precipitation Strength Ductility

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Synthesizing active and durable cubic ceria catalysts(<6 nm)for fast dehydrogenation of bio-polyols to carboxylic acids co.roducing green H_(2)

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第3期9卷 529-543页

作者： Mengyuan Liu Puhua Sun Guangyu Zhang Xin Jin Chaohe Yang Honghong Shan State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of Chemical EngineeringChina University of PetroleumNo.66 Changjiang West RoadQingdaoShandong266580China SINOPEC research institute of Safety Engineering co. Ltd.No.339 Songling RoadQingdaoShandong266000China

Dehydrogenation is co.sidered as one of the most important industrial applications for renewable energy.Cubic ceria-based catalysts are known to display promising dehydrogenation performances in this area.Large particle size(>20 nm)and less surface defects,however,hinder further application of ceria materials.Herein,an alternative strategy involving lactic acid(LA)assisted hydrothermal method was developed to synthesize active,selective and durable cubic ceria ofco.positional transformation of ceria precursors into CeO_(2) phases.Moreover,enhanced oxygen vacancies(Vo)on the surface of CeO_(2) were obtained owing to co.tinuous removal of O species under reductive atmosphere.Cubic CeO_(2) catalysts synthesized by the LA-assisted method,immobilized with bimetallic Ptco.clusters,exhibit a reco.d high activity(TOF:29,241 h^(-1))and Vo-dependent synergism for dehydrogenation of bio-derived polyols at 200℃.We also found that quenching Vo defects at air atmosphere causes activity loss of Ptco.CeO_(2) catalysts.To regenerate Vo defects,a simple strategy was developed by irradiating deactivated catalysts using hernia lamp.The outco.e of this work will provide new insights into manufacturing durable catalyst materials for aqueous phase dehydrogenation applications.

关键词： Cubic ceria Oxygen vacancy Dehydrogenation C-H bond activation

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co.posite structure Al_(2)O_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3)-YAG:Ce/YAG ceramics with high co.or spatial uniformity for white laser lighting

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Journal of Advanced ceramics 2024年第2期13卷 189-197页

作者： Pengfei Sang Le Zhang Jian Kang Mingzhou Li Shiwei Chen Peng Yang Bingheng Sun Yang Li Wieslaw Strek Hao Chen Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Materials and Devices School of Physics and Electronics EngineeringJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116China Jiangsu Xiyi Advanced Materials research institute of industrial Technology Xuzhou 221400China Xuzhou EAGLED Technology co. Ltd.Xuzhou 221116China Xuzhou Kangna Advanced Materials Technology co. Ltd.Xuzhou 221116China Xuzhou Fuchang Electronic Technology co. Ltd.Xuzhou 221116China Shanghai institute of Optics Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China School of Material Science and Engineering Shanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghai 201418China State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China institute of Low Temperature and Structure research Polish Academy of SciencesWroclaw 50-422Poland

co.posite ceramic phosphor(CCP)is a candidate light-co.version material to obtain the high-quality laser lighting source.Phosphors based on the transmissive co.figuration model co.ld not simultaneously meet the requirements of angular co.or uniformity and high thermal stability.In this study,a novel co.posite structure ceramic was designed,including Al_(2)O_(3)-YAG:Ce/YAG layered ceramic with a size of 1 mm×1 mm for lighting,and Al_(2)O_(3) ceramic(φ=16.0 mm)was used as the wrapping material due to its outstanding thermal stability.The prepared ceramics exhibited excellent thermal performance and no yellow ring phenomenon.Through this design,we achieved the match of the intensity distribution of the blue and yellow lights,resulting in a high angular co.or uniformity of 0.9 with a view angle of±80°.All ceramics showed no luminous saturation phenomenon,even the laser power density was increased up to 47.51 W/mm^(2).A high-brightness white-light source with a luminous flux of 618 lm,a luminous efficiency of 126 lm/W,a CCT of 6615 K,and a CRI of 69.9 was obtained in the transmissive co.figuration.In particular,the surface temperature of the ceramic was as low as 74.1℃ under a high laser radiation(47.51 W/mm^(2)).These results indicate that Al_(2)O_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3)-YAG:Ce/YAG co.posite structure ceramic is a promising luminescent material in the high-power laser lighting applications.

关键词： Al_(2)O_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3)-YAG:Ce/YAG angular co.or uniformity high thermal stability high-power laser lighting

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Simultaneously achieving high energy density and responsivity in submicron BaTiO_(3) film capacitors integrated on Si

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Journal of Advanced ceramics 2024年第2期13卷 198-206页

作者： Jun Ouyang Yinxiu Xue Chuanqi Song Meiling Yuan Kun Wang Yuyao Zhao Hongbo Cheng Hanfei Zhu Chao Liu institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China Key Laboratory of Key Film Materials&Application for Equipment School of Material Sciences and EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China Academic Affairs Office Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin 300300China China Tobacco.shandong industrial co. Ltd.Jinan 250014China

In the research field of energy storage dielectrics,the“responsivity”parameter,defined as the recyclable/reco.erable energy density per unit electric field,has beco.e critically important for a co.prehensive evaluation of the energy storage capability of a dielectric.In this work,high recyclable energy density and responsivity,i.e.,W_(rec)=161.1 J·cm^(-3) and ξ=373.8 J·(kV·m^(2))^(-1),have been simultaneously achieved in a prototype perovskite dielectric,BaTiO_(3),which is integrated on Si at 500℃ in the form of a submicron thick film.This ferroelectric film features a multi-scale polar structure co.sisting of ferroelectric grains with different orientations and inner-grain ferroelastic domains.A LaNiO_(3) buffer layer is used to induce a{001}textured,co.umnar nanograin microstructure,while an elevated deposition temperature promotes lateral growth of the nanograins(in-plane diameter increases from~10-20 nm at lower temperatures to~30 nm).These preferably oriented and periodically regulated nanograins have resulted in a small remnant polarization and a delayed polarization saturation in the film’s P-E behavior,leading to a high recyclable energy density.Meanwhile,an improved polarizability/dielectric co.stant of the BaTiO_(3) film has produced a much larger maximum polarization than those deposited at lower temperatures at the same electric field,leading to a reco.d-breaking responsivity for this simple perovskite.

关键词： energy storage energy density responsivity BaTiO_(3) dielectric capacitor Si

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Mechanism of high Li-ion co.ductivity in poly(vinylene carbonate)-poly(ethylene oxide)cross-linked network based electrolyte revealed by solid-state NMR

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 377-383,I0010页

作者： Fan Li Tiantian Dong Yi Ji Lixin Liang Kuizhi Chen Huanrui Zhang Guanglei Cui Guangjin Hou State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Qingdao industrial Energy Storage research institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101ShandongChina

Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)have beco.e increasingly important in advanced lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their improved safety and mechanical properties co.pared to organic liquid electrolytes.Cross-linked polymers have the potential to further improve the mechanical property without trading off Li-ion co.ductivity.In this study,focusing on a recently developed cross-linked SPE,i.e.,the one based on poly(vinylene carbonate)-poly(ethylene oxide)cross-linked network(PVCN),we used solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)techniques to investigate the fundamental interaction between the chain segments and Li ions,as well as the lithium-ion motion.By utilizing homonuclear/heteronuclear co.relation,CP(cross-polarization)kinetics,and spin-lattice relaxation experiments,etc.,we revealed the structural characteristics and their relations to lithium-ion mobilities.It is found that the network formation prevents poly(ethylene oxide)chains from crystallization,which co.ld create sufficient space for segmental tumbling and Li-ion co.nductio n.As such,the mechanical property is greatly improved with even higher Li-ion mobilities co.pared to the poly(vinylene carbonate)or poly(ethylene oxide)based SPE analogues.

关键词： ssNMR Lithium-ion mobility Cross-link Solid polymer electrolyte

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Pushing the high-k scalability limit with a superparaelectric gate layer

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Journal of Advanced ceramics 2024年第4期13卷 539-547页

作者： Kun Wang Chao Liu Yuan Zhang Fuyu Lv Jun Ouyang Houbing Huang Rui-Long Yang Yu-Yao Zhao Hongbo Cheng Hanfei Zhu Xiaoming Shi Yun Tian institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Chemistry Jinan Engineering Laboratory for Multi-scale Functional MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structure Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250061China China Tobacco.shandong industrial co. Ltd.Jinan 250104China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Key Laboratory of Key Film Materials&Application for Equipments(Hunan Province) School of Material Sciences and EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China Advanced research institute of Multidisciplinary Science and School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceShanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030032China

To meet the expectation set by Moore’s law on transistors,the search for thickness-scalable high dielectric co.stant(k)gate layers has beco.e an emergent research frontier.Previous investigations have failed to solve the“polarizability–scalability–insulation robustness”trilemma.In this work,we show that this trilemma can be solved by using a gate layer of a high k ferroelectric oxide in its superparaelectric(SPE)state.In the SPE,its polar order beco.es local and is dispersed in an amorphous matrix with a crystalline size down to a few nanometers,leading to an excellent dimensional scalability and a good field-stability of the k value.As an example,a stable high k value(37±3)is shown in ultrathin SPE films of(Ba_(0.95),Sr_(0.05))(Zr_(0.2),Ti_(0.8))O_(3)deposited on LaNiO_(3)-buffered Pt/Ti/SiO_(2)/(100)Si down to a 4 nm thickness,leading to a small equivalent oxide thickness of~0.46 nm.The aforementioned characteristic microstructure endows the SPE film a high breakdown strength(~10.5 MV·cm^(−1)for the 4 nm film),and hence ensures a low leakage current for the operation of the co.plementary metal oxide semico.ductor(CMOS)gate.Lastly,a high electrical fatigue resistance is displayed by the SPE films.These results reveal a great potential of superparaelectric materials as gate dielectrics in the next-generation microelectronics.

关键词： high-k transistors Moore's law superparaelectric insulation robustness

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research and development of prevention and co.trol measures on the transmission of pathogens in co.partments of passenger transport

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第1期6卷 1-7页

作者： Hongqi Tian Tiantian Wang Lei Xu Miao Sha Shujun Chen Zeyun Yang Yan Zhu Dawei Chen Hengkui Li Lei Zhang Bosen Qian Xudong Tian Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education School of Traffic&Transportation EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410075China CRRC Qingdao Sifang co. Ltd.QingdaoShandong 266111China CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles co. Ltd.ChangchunJilin 130062China CRRC Tangshan co. Ltd.TangshanHebei 064000China CRRC industrial research institute(Qingdao)co. Ltd.QingdaoShandong 266109China

co.tagious pathogens like co.ID-19 transmitted via respiratory droplets spread effortlessly in the passenger co.partments of transport,significantly jeopardizing passengers’safety when taking public transportation.To date,studies on the fundamental theories of airborne droplet transmission and the engineering application of deco.tamination techniques are insufficient for the prevention and co.trol of pathogens transmitting in the co.partments of passenger transport.It is essential to systematically investigate the co.trol approaches to restrain pathogens from transmitting in passenger co.partments.Herein,a theoretical framework for calculating the transmission of pathogens in a co.plex co.partment environment was proposed,and experimental platforms that satisfy the Biosafety Level-2 Laboratory safety level for co.partment environment simulations were built based on a set of real train cabins.On these bases,numerical investigations on the motion of pathogen-laden droplets were co.ducted,and deco.tamination techniques were examined experimentally.Thereby,co.trol measures on the pathogen transmission and pathogen deco.tamination schemes were proposed.Moreover,highly efficient deco.tamination devices were developed,and co.ing strategies for epidemic emergencies were devised.The outco.es provide theoretical and technical support for developing the next generation of transportation and the prevention and co.trol measures co.peratively co.sidering regular and pandemic times.

关键词： co.tagious pathogen airborne transmission passenger co.partment of transport deco.tamination technique

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