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Fracture behavior and mechanism of highly fragmented steel cylindrical shell under explosive loading

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 122-132页

作者： Kang Wang Peng Chen Xingyun Sun Yufeng Liu Jiayu Meng Xiaoyuan Li Xiongwei Zheng Chuan Xiao Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065China Shanxi Jiangyang Chemical company Limited Taiyuan 030051China Central Iron&steel Research Institute company Limited Beijing 100081China China Research and Development Academy of Machinery Equipment Beijing 100089China

An in-depth understanding of the fracture behavior and mechanism of metallic shells under internal explosive loading can help develop material designs for warheads and regulate the quantity and mass distribution of the fragments *** study investigated the fragmentation performance of a new high-carbon silicon-manganese(HCSiMn)steel cylindrical shell through fragment recovery *** with the conventional 45Cr steel shell,the number of small mass fragments produced by the HCSi Mn steel shell was significantly increased with a scale parameter of 0.57 g fitted by the Weibull distribution *** fragmentation process of the HCSi Mn shell exhibited more brittle tensile fracture characteristics,with the microcrack damage zone on the outer surface being the direct cause of its high *** the one hand,the doping of alloy elements resulted in grain refinement by forming metallographic structure of tempered sorbite,so that microscopic intergranular fracture reduces the characteristic mass of the fragments;on the other hand,the distribution of alloy carbides can exert a"pinning"effect on the substrate grains,causing more initial cracks to form and propagate along the brittle carbides,further improving the shell *** the killing power radius for light armored vehicles was slightly reduced by about 6%,the dense killing radius of HCSiMn steel projectile against personnel can be significantly increased by about 26%based on theoretical *** results provided an experimental basis for high fragmentation warhead design,and to some extent,revealed the correlation mechanism between metallographic structure and shell fragmentation.

关键词： Projectile fragmentation Fragment mass distribution Fracture mode Metallographic structure Damage power

Effect of Al content in molten steel on interaction between MgO-C refractory and SPHC steel

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Journal of Iron and steel Research(International) 2024年第4期31卷 838-848页

作者： Fu-bin Gao Fu-ming Wang Xiang Zhang Tian-yu Du Xin-hua Wangg School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Handan Iron and steel company Hegang GroupHandan 056015HebeiChina The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina

The effect of Al content in molten steel on the interaction between SPHC steel(0.005-0.068 wt.%Al,and 19×10^(-4)-58×10^(-4)wt.%O)and MgO-C refractory(11.63 wt.%C)was ***-metallic inclusions in the steel were examined at various periods(0,5,15,30,45,and 60 min)as well as the MgO-C interface after 60 min of corrosion at 1600℃.The results show that when MgO-C refractory comes into contact with SPHC steel,the refractory interface consists of three layers arranged from the innermost to the outermost,including the original refractory layer,the dense MgO layer,and the iron infiltration *** carbon in the MgO-C refractories and the Al content in the molten steel undergo a reaction with the MgO in the refractories,resulting in an increase in Mg concentration in the *** Al content in the molten steel from 0.005 to 0.068 wt.%causes a spinel layer to appear at the interface,and the disappearance time of Al_(2)O_(3) inclusions in the steel decreases from 60 to 30 min,while the average MgO content in inclusions ***,controlling the Al content in the molten steel and the smelting duration can help regulate the formation of spinel inclusionsinthe steel.

关键词： MgO-C refractory SPHC steel Inclusion-Spinel Al-killed steel Interfacial reaction

Characteristics of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of liquid slag

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第2期26卷 86-93页

作者：董长言于洪霞孙兰香李洋刘修业周平黄少文 State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Networked Control Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016People's RepublicofChina Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110169People's Republic of China Shenyang University of Technology Shenyang 110870People's Republic of China Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang 1i0142People's Republic of China Shandong Iron and steel company Ltd. Jinan 271105People's Republic of China

Rapid online analysis of liquid slag is essential for optimizing the quality and energy efficiency of steel production. To investigate the key factors that affect the online measurement of refined slag using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS), this study examined the effects of slag composition and temperature on the intensity and stability of the LIBS spectra. The experimental temperature was controlled at three levels: 1350℃, 1400℃, and 1450℃. The results showed that slag composition and temperature significantly affected the intensity and stability of the LIBS spectra. Increasing the Fe content and temperature in the slag reduces its viscosity, resulting in an enhanced intensity and stability of the LIBS spectra. Additionally, 42 refined slag samples were quantitatively analyzed for Fe, Si, Ca, Mg, Al, and Mn at 1350℃, 1400℃, and 1450℃.The normalized full spectrum combined with partial least squares(PLS) quantification modeling was used, using the Ca Ⅱ 317.91 nm spectral line as an internal standard. The results show that using the internal standard normalization method can significantly reduce the influence of spectral fluctuations. Meanwhile, a temperature of 1450℃ has been found to yield superior results compared to both 1350℃ and 1400℃, and it is advantageous to conduct a quantitative analysis of the slag when it is in a “water-like” state with low viscosity.

关键词： laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) slag temperature composition viscosity internal standard normalization partial least squares(PLS)

3D bioprinting of in vitro porous hepatoma models:establishment,evaluation,and anticancer drug testing

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第2期7卷 137-152页

作者： Xiaoyuan Wang Zixian Liu Qianqian Duan Boye Zhang Yanyan Cao Zhizhong Shen Meng Li Yanfeng Xi Jianming Wang Shengbo Sang Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors and Artificial Intelligence Perception College of Electronic Information and Optical EngineeringTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Shanxi Institute of 6D Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Science Taiyuan 030031China Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan 030024China Department of Pathology Shanxi Provincial Cancer HospitalTaiyuan 030024China General Hospital of Taiyuan Iron and steel company Taiyuan 030809China

Traditional tumor models do not tend to accurately simulate tumor growth in vitro or enable personalized treatment and are particularly unable to discover more beneficial targeted *** address this,this study describes the use of threedimensional(3D)bioprinting technology to construct a 3D model with human hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cells(3DP-7721)by combining gelatin methacrylate(GelMA)and poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)as two immiscible aqueous phases to form a bioink and innovatively applying fluorescent carbon quantum dots for long-term tracking of *** GelMA(10%,mass fraction)and PEO(1.6%,mass fraction)hydrogel with 3:1 volume ratio offered distinct pore-forming characteristics,satisfactorymechanical properties,and biocompatibility for the creation of the 3DP-7721 *** analysis and quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction(PCR)were used to evaluate the biological properties of the *** with the two-dimensional culture cell model(2D-7721)and the 3D mixed culture cell model(3DM-7721),3DP-7721 significantly improved the proliferation of cells and expression of tumor-related proteins and ***,we evaluated the differences between the three culture models and the effectiveness of antitumor drugs in the three models and discovered that the efficacy of antitumor drugs varied because of significant differences in resistance proteins and genes between the three *** addition,the comparison of tumor formation in the three models found that the cells cultured by the 3DP-7721 model had strong tumorigenicity in nude *** evaluation of the levels of biochemical indicators related to the formation of solid tumors showed that the 3DP-7721 model group exhibited pathological characteristics of malignant tumors,the generated solid tumors were similar to actual tumors,and the deterioration was *** research therefore acts as a foundation for the application of 3DP-7721 models in drug devel

关键词： 3D bioprinting Hepatoma tumor models Drug screening Antitumor drug development

Solution to the Horizontal Crossing Problem of Transportation System at Key Points in Open-Pit Mines

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Asian Agricultural Research 2024年第7期16卷 36-38,47页

作者： Tao DONG Ling LIU CCTEG Shenyang Engineering company Shenyang 110015China

In order to reduce the horizontal crossing transportation problems between coal trucks and stripping trucks,large and small vehicles,and transport trucks and belt conveyors at key points of open pit mine in production,the separate transportation mode of underpass bridge and overpass steel trestle is proposed to optimize the open pit development transportation system,so as to solve the practical problems that the horizontal cross of transport vehicles causes vehicle blockage,affects production schedule and production *** results show that the horizontal crossing road can be changed into a separate type of overpass steel trestle,which can realize the classified transportation of large and small vehicles,reduce the traffic density,make vehicles with different functions go their own way,eliminate the hidden danger of traffic accidents,and improve the production efficiency.

关键词： Open-pit mines Cross-transport Underpass bridge Overpass steel trestle Production efficiency

TSC prediction and dynamic control of BOF steelmaking with state-of-the-art machine learning and deep learning methods

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Journal of Iron and steel Research(International) 2024年第1期31卷 174-194页

作者： Tian-yi Xie Cai-dong Zhang Quan-lin Zhou Zhi-qiang Tian Shuai Liu Han-jie Guo Material Technology Research Institute Hesteel GroupShijiazhuang050023HebeiChina Tangsteel company Hesteel GroupTangshan063611HebeiChina School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing100048China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

Mathematical(data-driven)models based on state-of-the-art(SOTA)machine learning and deep learning models and data collected from 12,786 heats were established to predict the values of temperature,sample,and carbon(TSC)test,including temperature of molten steel(TSC-Temp),carbon content(TSC-C)and phosphorus content(TSC-P),which made prepa-ration for eliminating the TSC *** maximize the prediction accuracy of the proposed approach,various models with different inputs were implemented and compared,and the best models were applied to the production process of a Hesteel Group steelmaking plant in China in the *** number of tabular features(hot metal information,scrap,additives,blowing practices,and preset values)was expanded,and time series(off-gas profiles and blowing practice curves)that could reflect the entire steelmaking process were introduced as ***,the latest machine learning models(LightGBM,CatBoost,TabNet,and NODE)were used to make predictions with tabular features,and the best coefficient of determination R^(2)values obtained for TSC-P,TSC-C and TSC-Temp predictions were 0.435(LightGBM),0.857(Cat-Boost)and 0.678(LightGBM),respectively,which were higher than those of classic models(backpropagation and support vector machine).Then,making predictions was performed by using SOTA time series regression models(SCINet,DLinear,Informer,and MLSTM-FCN)with original time series,SOTA image regression models(NesT,CaiT,ResNeXt,and GoogLeNet)with resized time series,and the proposed Concatenate-Model and Parallel-Model with both tabular features and time *** optimization and comparisons,it was finally determined that the Concatenate-Model with MLSTM-FCN,SCINet and Informer as feature extractors performed the best,and its R^(2)values for predicting TSC-P,TSC-C and TSC-Temp reached 0.470,0.858 and 0.710,*** field test accuracies for TSC-P,TSC-C and TSC-Temp were 0.459,0.850 and 0.685,respectively.A related importance analysis was carri

关键词： BOF steelmaking In-blow prediction TSC test Machine learning Deep learning Field application

Agglomeration behavior of rare earth inclusions and alumina inclusions at the interface between argon and molten steel

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第12期41卷 2033-2040,I0008页

作者： Jun Wang Linzhu Wang Changrong Li Yongqiang Zhai School of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China steel Rolling Division Shougang Group Shuicheng Steel CompanyLiupanshui553000China

Nozzle clogging frequently occurs in steel containing rare earth(RE) due to the aggregation of RE inclusions,which seriously interferes with the application of RE in *** provide insights into nozzle clogging,the agglomeration be havior of inclusions in RE-containing steel was investigated by laboratory experiments and theoretical ***-temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy(HTCLSM) was applied to observe the behavior of inclusions at molten steel surfaces and their interactive ***-Paunov(K-P) model was used to predict the capillary force acting on different *** results show that the interactive forces that acted on inclusions were investigated as a function of inclusion size,inter-distance,and inclusion *** is found that the capillary force acting on the inclusions decreases in the order of Ce_(2)O_(3)> CeAlO_(3)> Al_(2)O_(3).This study verified the applicability of the K-P model in RE-containing steel,which can provide theoretical support to help solve the nozzle clogging problem during rare earth steel production.

关键词： Agglomeration Inclusion Rareearths Capillaryforce

Protection of steel hooks embedded in glass-fiber-reinforced concrete against macrocell corrosion

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Petroleum Research 2024年第2期9卷 317-326页

作者： Husnu Gerengi Muhammed Maraşlı Marziya Rizvi Beni Kohen Ismail Taşkıran Corrosion Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringDuzce University81620DuzceTurkey Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences University of BergamoBGItaly Fibrobeton company R&D Center DuzceTurkey Department of Chemistry Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar UniversityLucknow226003U.PIndia

This study evaluated the corrosion behavior of steel hooks embedded in GFRC,which were protected by a zinc-rich(96%Zn)galvanizing *** coating provided the hooks with active cathodic protection and a passive physical *** corrosion may form when the anode is smaller than the total steel ***,the steel hooks at the embedment juncture were additionally sealed against water ingress and air exchange using a construction *** study was conducted in three phases in a salt-spray ***,the electrogalvanized steel hooks embedded in GFRC were allowed to freely corrode for 7 *** the second phase,the electrogalvanized steel hooks were painted with the zinc-rich coating and observed over 7 *** the third phase,the steel hooks were protected by the zinc-rich coating together with a primer and construction sealant,and observed over 7 *** evaluate the electrogalvanized hooks and the corrosion products formed,the thickness of the material was *** on the metal surface was inferred by studying the surface morphology of the hooks at various points of contact and after different periods of time.

关键词： steel rebars Concrete corrosion GFRC Galvanization Sealant

Experimental and analytical investigation on friction resistance force between buried coated pressurized steel pipes and soil

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 615-629页

作者： Shaurav ALAM Tanvir MANZUR John MATTHEWS Chris BARTLETT Erez ALLOUCHE Brent KEIL John KRAFT Department of Civil Engineering and Construction Engineering Technology Louisiana Tech UniversityRustonLA 71270USA Department of Civil Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and TechnologyDhaka 1000Bangladesh Georgia Tech Research Institute AtlantaGA 30332USA Stantec Inc. Edmonton T5J0K4Canada North West Pipe company VancouverWA 98684USA

This paper presents an analytical approach for estimating frictional resistance to pipe movement at soil and external pipe surface of buried coated pressurized steel pipes relative to the internal thrust *** proposed analytical method was developed based on 36 experiments,which involved three coating types(cement mortar(CM),polyurethane type-I(PT-I),prefabricated plastic tape(PPT))on pipes’surfaces,three different soils(pea-gravel(PG),sand(S),silty-clay(SC)),and four simulated over burden depths above the pipe’s *** showed frictional resistance decreased with increasing over burden depth above the pipe’s *** degree of frictional resistance at the pipe-soil interface was found to be in the order of PG>SC>S for all coating variations and overburden *** coated pipe buried in all three types of soil produced significantly higher frictional resistance as compared to other coating *** on experimental data,the developed analytical introduced a dimensionless factor“Z”,which included effects of types of coatings,soil,and overburden depths for simplified rapid *** showed that the method provided a better prediction of frictional resistance forces,in comparison to previous analytical methods,which were barely close in predicting friction resistance for different coating variations,soil types,and overburden *** resistance force values reported herein could be considered conservative.

关键词： friction resistance force thrust force coated pressurized steel pipe soil type overburden depth