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Estimating total leaf nitrogen concentration in winter wheat by canopy hyperspectral data and nitrogen vertical distribution

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Journal of Integrative agriculture 2019年第7期18卷 1562-1570页

作者： DUAN Dan-dan ZHAO Chun-jiang LI Zhen-hai YANG Gui-jun ZHAO Yu QIAO Xiao-jun ZHANG Yun-he ZHANG Lai-xi YANG Wu-de Institute of Dry Farming engineering Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030801P.R.China National engineering research center for Information Technology in agriculture Beijing 100097P.R.China Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing in agriculture of Ministry of agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing research center for Information Technology in agriculture Beijing 100097P.R.China Beijing engineering research center for agriculture Internet of Things Beijing 100097P.R. China

The use of remote sensing to monitor nitrogen(N) in crops is important for obtaining both economic benefit and ecological value because it helps to improve the efficiency of fertilization and reduces the ecological and environmental *** this study,we model the total leaf N concentration(TLNC) in winter wheat constructed from hyperspectral data by considering the vertical N distribution(VND).The field hyperspectral data of winter wheat acquired during the 2013–2014 growing season were used to construct and validate the *** results show that:(1) the vertical distribution law of LNC was distinct,presenting a quadratic polynomial tendency from the top layer to the bottom layer.(2) The effective layer for remote sensing detection varied at different growth *** entire canopy,the three upper layers,the three upper layers,and the top layer are the effective layers at the jointing stage,flag leaf stage,flowering stages,and filling stage,respectively.(3) The TLNC model considering the VND has high predicting accuracy and *** models based on the greenness index(GI),mND705(modified normalized difference 705),and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),the values for the determining coefficient(R2),and normalized root mean square error(nRMSE) are 0.61 and 8.84%,0.59 and 8.89%,and 0.53 and 9.37%,***,the LNC model with VND provides an accurate and non-destructive method to monitor N levels in the field.

关键词： nitrogen concentration hyperspectral vertical nitrogen distribution winter wheat

In_(2)O_(3)/Bi_(19)Br_(3)S_(27)S型异质结增强光催化CO_(2)还原

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Science China Materials 2024年第2期67卷 514-523页

作者：卞玉琴何厚伟 Graham Dawson 张金锋代凯 Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications Ministry of EducationAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental RemediationAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and ApplicationsAnhui Province Industrial Generic Technology Research Center for Alumics MaterialsHuaibei Normal UniversityHuaibei 235000China Department of Chemistry Xi’an Jiaotong Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China

近年来,半导体催化剂因其较强的氧化还原能力和较好的稳定性而受到广泛关注.然而,光生电子和空穴对易复合和低氧化性导致单一半导体催化剂难以实现实际应用.深入研究表明,S型异质结具有独特的电子和空穴分离机理、强大的氧化还原能力和... 详细信息

近年来,半导体催化剂因其较强的氧化还原能力和较好的稳定性而受到广泛关注.然而,光生电子和空穴对易复合和低氧化性导致单一半导体催化剂难以实现实际应用.深入研究表明,S型异质结具有独特的电子和空穴分离机理、强大的氧化还原能力和较强的载流子分离驱动力.本研究以在In_(2)O_(3)纳米球上生长的Bi_(19)Br_(3)S_(27)纳米花为原料,采用水热法合成了In_(2)O_(3)/Bi_(19)Br_(3)S_(27)梯形异质结.这种梯形异质结有效地促进了光生电荷载流子的分离和转移.结果表明,In_(2)O_(3)/Bi_(19)Br_(3)S_(27)复合材料对CO_(2)的还原产率高达28.36μmol h^(-1)g^(-1),分别是In_(2)O_(3)和Bi_(19)Br_(3)S_(27)的19和3.5倍.此外,通过原位漫反射红外傅里叶变换光谱对参与光催化反应的中间体进行了研究,揭示了光催化还原CO_(2)的反应过程.本工作为构建S型异质结光催化剂增强CO_(2)催化还原的方法提供了较好的研究思路.

关键词： photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction S-scheme heterojunction In_(2)O_(3) Bi_(19)Br_(3)S_(27)

Methylation across the central dogma in health and diseases: new therapeutic strategies

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第9期8卷 4142-4187页

作者： Ruochen Liu Erhu Zhao Huijuan Yu Chaoyu Yuan Muhammad Nadeem Abbas Hongjuan Cui State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects Medical Research InstituteSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Jinfeng Laboratory Chongqing 401329China Chongqing engineering and Technology research center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Chongqing 400716China engineering research center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China

The proper transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein is essential for cell-fate control,development,and *** of DNA,RNAs,histones,and non-histone proteins is a reversible post-synthesis modification that finetunes gene expression and function in diverse physiological *** methylation caused by genetic mutations or environmental stimuli promotes various diseases and accelerates aging,necessitating the development of therapies to correct the disease-driver methylation *** this Review,we summarize the operating system of methylation across the central dogma,which includes writers,erasers,readers,and reader-independent *** then discuss how dysregulation of the system contributes to neurological disorders,cancer,and *** small-molecule compounds that target the modifiers show modest success in certain *** methylome-wide action and lack of specificity lead to undesirable biological effects and cytotoxicity,limiting their therapeutic application,especially for diseases with a monogenic cause or different directions of methylation *** tools capable of site-specific methylation manipulation hold great promise to solve this *** the refinement of delivery vehicles,these new tools are well positioned to advance the basic research and clinical translation of the methylation field.

关键词： diseases therapeutic limiting

Dopamine D2 receptors in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex modulate social hierarchy in male mice

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Current Zoology 2023年第6期69卷 682-693页

作者： Lai-Fu Li Zi-Lin Li Bai-Lin Song Yi Jiang Yan Wang Hua-Wei Zou Lun-Guang Yao Ying-Juan Liu Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain Henan International Joint Laboratory of Insect BiologyCollege of Life Science and Agricultural EngineeringNanyang Normal UniversityNanyang 473061HenanChina research center of Henan Provincial Agricultural Biomass Resource engineering and Technology College of Life Science and AgricultureNanyang Normal UniversityNanyang 473061HenanChina

Social hierarchy greatly influences behavior and *** human and animal studies have signaled the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC)as specifically related to social *** D1 receptors(D1Rs)and D2 receptors(D2Rs)are abundantly expressed in the mPFC,modulat-ing its ***,it is unclear how DR-expressing neurons in the mPFC regulate social ***,using a confrontation tube test,we found that most adult C57BL/6J male mice could establish a linear social rank after 1 week of *** rank individuals showed social anxiety together with decreased serum testosterone levels.D2R expression was significantly downregulated in the dorsal part of mPFC(dmPFC)in lower rank individuals,whereas D1R expression showed no significant difference among the rank groups in the whole *** knockdown of D2Rs in the dmPFC led to mice being particularly prone to lose the contests in the confrontation tube ***,simultaneous D2R activation in the subordinates and D2R inhibition in the dominants in a pair switched their dominant-subordinate *** above results indicate that D2Rs in the dmPFC play an important role in social *** findings provide novel insights into the divergent func-tions of prefrontal D1Rs and D2Rs in social dominance,which may contribute to ameliorating social dysfunctions along with abnormal social hierarchy.

关键词： dopamine receptors medial prefrontal cortex social dominance social hierarchy tube test

Anisotropy of wrought magnesium alloys: A focused overview

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第6期10卷 1476-1510页

作者： Baodong Shi Chong Yang Yan Peng Fucheng Zhang Fusheng Pan National engineering research center for Equipment and Technology of Cold Rolled Strip School of Mechanical EngineeringYanshan UniversityHebei-West-Str.438Qinhuangdao 066004PR China State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004PR China National engineering research center for Magnesium Alloys(CCMg) Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044PR China

In this paper, the relationship between anisotropic mechanical properties and the corresponding microstructure evolution of wrought magnesium alloys is critically reviewed. Experimental observations of the strong anisotropy(including the strength differential effect) induced by texture and twinning are discussed under different loading conditions(i.e., monotonic, cyclic and multiaxial loading). An accurate constitutive model is essential to describe the mechanical responses and to predict the forming performance considering engineering applications. Therefore, macroscale constitutive modeling of the anisotropy of magnesium alloys with directional distortional hardening are comprehensively reviewed with different approaches. To clarify the origin of the anisotropic behavior, physics-based mesoscale modeling of the anisotropy is also compared in detail.

关键词： Wrought Mg alloys Mechanical anisotropy Deformation mechanism Constitutive modeling

Exposure to herbicides reduces larval sensitivity to insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

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Insect Science 2019年第4期26卷 711-720页

作者： Shi-Wei Liu Mohammed Esmail Abdalla Elzaki Christian Staehelin Zhi-Hui Ma Zhong Qin Rui-Long Wang Guangdong engineering research center for Modern Eco-agriculture and circular agriculture Guangzhou China Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics Ministry of Agriculture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China College of Crop Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University East Campus Guangzhou China

Herbicides and insecticides are widely used in modern agriculture. It has been reported in various studies that application of insecticides can increase tolerance of herbivorous insects to insecticides. However, limited information exists on susceptibility to insecticides when insects are exposed to herbicides. This study was conducted to investigate the potential impact of the herbicides trifluralin and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium salt (MCPA-Na) on the susceptibility of the nocturnal moth Spodoptera litura to the insecticides X-cyhalothrin, phoxim and bifenthrin. We found that larvae exposed to trifluralin or MCPA-Na became significantly less susceptible to both insecticides than nonexposed control larvae. Herbicide-treated larvae did not show altered growth under the used test conditions. However, heads of herbicide-treated larvae showed increased expression of the acetylcholinesterase genes SI Ace I and SI Ace 2. Moreover, the fat body and midgut of herbicide-treated larvae displayed elevated expression of detoxification genes (the carboxylesterase gene SI CarE;the glutathione S-transferase genes SlGSTe2 and SlGSTe3\ the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes CYP6B48, CYP9A40 and CYP321B1). The CYP6B48 gene exhibited highest inducibility. In conclusion, the data of this study suggest that exposure of S. litura larvae to herbicides may stimulate detoxification mechanisms that compromise the efficacy of insecticides.

关键词： herbicides insecticides insecticide detoxification insecticide susceptibility Spodoptera litura

Toward calibration-free Mach-Zehnder switches for next-generation silicon photonics

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Photonics research 2022年第3期10卷 793-801页

作者： Lijia Song Tangnan Chen Weixi Liu Hongxuan Liu Yingying Peng Zejie Yu Huan Li Yaocheng Shi Daoxin Dai State Key Laboratory for Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhou 310058China International research center for Advanced Photonics Zhejiang UniversityHaining 314499China

Silicon photonic Mach–Zehnder switches(MZSs)have been extensively investigated as a promising candidate for optical ***,conventional 2×2 MZSs are usually prone to the size variations of the arm waveguides due to imperfect fabrication,resulting in considerable random phase imbalance between the two arms,thereby imposing significant challenges for further developing next-generation N×N *** we propose a novel design toward calibration-free 2×2 and N×N MZSs,employing optimally widened arm waveguides,enabled by novel compact tapered Euler S-bends with incorporated mode *** standard 180 nm CMOS foundry processes,more than thirty 2×2 MZSs and one 4×4 Benes MZS with the new design are fabricated and *** with their conventional counterparts with 0.45-μm-wide arm waveguides,the present 2×2 MZSs exhibit significant reduction in the random phase *** measured extinction ratios of the present 2×2 and 4×4 MZSs operating in the all-cross state are 27-49 dB and∼20dB across the wavelength range of∼60nm,respectively,even without any *** work paves the way toward calibration-free large-scale N×N MZSs for next-generation silicon photonics.

关键词： free calibration thereby

MACS-W:A modified optical clearing agent for imaging 3D cell cultures

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第2期17卷 24-34页

作者： Xiang Zhong Chao Gao Hui Li Yuening He Peng Fei Zaozao Chen Zhongze Gu Dan Zhu Tingting Yu Britton Chance center for Biomedical Photonics-MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430074P.R.China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430074P.R.China School of Optical and Electronic Infrmation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430074P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Biological Science and Medical engineering Southeast University NanjingJiangsu 210096P.R.China Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Southeast University Suzhou Jiangsu 215163P.R.China

Three-dimensional(3D)cell cultures have contributed to a variety of biological research fields by filling the gap between monolayers and animal *** modern optical sectioning microscopic methods make it possible to probe the complexity of 3D cell cultures but are limited by the inherent *** tissue optical clearing methods have emerged as powerful tools for investigating whole-mount tissues in 3D,they often have limitations,such as being too harsh for fragile 3D cell cultures,requiring complex handling protocols,or inducing tissue deformation with shrinkage or *** address this issue,we proposed a modified optical clearing method for 3D cell cultures,called MACS-W,which is simple,highly efficient,and *** our evaluation of MACS-W,we found that it exhibits excellent clearing capability in just 10 min,with minimal deformation,and helps drug evaluation on tumor *** summary,MACS-W is a fast,minimally-deformative and fluorescence compatible clearing method that has the potential to be widely used in the studies of 3D cell cultures.

关键词： Tissue optical clearing 3D cell cultures imaging

A modified generalized scaling law for the similitude of dynamic strain in centrifuge modeling

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Earthquake engineering and engineering Vibration 2023年第3期22卷 589-600页

作者： Ma Qiang Ling Daosheng Meng Di Kyohei Ueda Zhou Yanguo MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental engineering Institute of Geotechnical EngineeringCenter for Hypergravity Experiment and Interdisciplinary ResearchZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Disaster Prevention research Institute Kyoto UniversityGokashoUjiKyoto 611-0011Japan

Soil strain is the key parameter to control the elasto-plastic deformation and even the failure *** overcome the defect that the strain of the model soil is always smaller than that of the prototype in Iai′s generalized scaling law(GSL),a modified scaling law was proposed based on Iai′s GSL to secure the same dynamic shear strain between the centrifuge model and the prototype by modulating the amplitude and frequency of the input motion at the base.A suite of dynamic centrifuge model tests of dry sand level ground was conducted with the same overall scaling factor(λ=200)under different centrifugal accelerations by using the technique of“modeling of models”to validate the modified *** test results show that the modified GSL could achieve the same dynamic strain in model as that of the prototype,leading to better modeling for geotechnical problems where dynamic strain dominates the response or failure of ***,the applicability of the proposed scaling law and possible constraints on geometry scaling due to the capability limits of existing centrifuge shaking tables are discussed.

关键词： deep deposit seismic response generalized scaling law centrifuge model test