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Assessment of slow deformations and landslide modelling in the urban area through a multi-methodological approach

Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Fabio Ietto Massimo Conforti Cristiano Tolomei Federico Cella Giuseppe Cianflone Università degli Studi della Calabria， Dipartimento di Biologia， Ecologia e Scienze della Terra (DiBEST)， Via P.Bucci， Cubo 15B， 87036 Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche (CNR)， Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica (IRPI)， Via Cavour INGV-Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia， Via di Vigna Murata 605 Università di Camerino， Scuola di Scienze e Tecnologia， sez.geologia， Via Gentile III da Varano 27

Slow-moving landslides are widespread in the Mediterranean area， causing damage to the exposed facilities and economic losses in many countries. The recognition of slow-moving landslides in urban areas is always a difficult task to deal with because the presence of buildings， infrastructures， and human activities usually conceals the morphological signs of these landslide activities. So， in the last decades， numerous researchers have shown new methodologies to deepen the studies of similar instability phenomena. The present research is based on an integrated approach to investigate the landslide boundaries， type of movement， failure surface depth， and vulnerability state of buildings in Rota Greca village (Calabria region， southern Italy) affected by a slow-moving landslide. For this purpose， multi-source data were acquired through geological and geomorphological surveys， recognition of landslide-induced damage on the built environment， subsurface investigations (e.g.， continuous drill boreholes， Standard Penetration Test， Rock Quality Designation index and inclinometer monitoring)， laboratory tests (direct shear tests on undisturbed samples)， geophysical survey， and InSAR-derived map of deformation rates. The complete integration of multi-source data allowed for the construction of reliable landslide modelling with relative geotechnical properties. In addition， the cross-comparison between surface deformation data by SAR images and severity damage level collected on the exposed buildings enabled to obtain the vulnerability map of the built area. In particular， the achieved goals highlighted two failure surfaces at about -13 and -25 m depth， causing a high vulnerability value for the buildings allocated in the central portion of the Rota Greca village. The knowledge acquired by the multi-approach can be used to manage and implement appropriate landslide risk mitigation strategies， providing helpful advice and best practices to state-run organisations and stakeholder

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Characterization of Arroyo Verde Epithermal Deposit:Paragenesis,Mineral Geochemistry,Geochronology and Fluid Inclusions in Lower Chon Aike Volcanism,Argentina

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 62-84页

作者： Cecilia Pavón Pivetta Leonardo Benedini Paulo Marcos Ma.Agustina Cócola Mercedes Virginia Barros Daniel Gregori Leonardo Strazzere Anderson Costa dos Santos Mauro C.Geraldes Instituto Geologico del Sur(INGEOSUR) Universidad Nacional del Sur(UNS)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas(CONICET)Bahia Blanca 8000Argentina Dpto.de geologia Universidad Nacional del Sur(UNS)Bahia Blanca 8000Argentina Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro Instituto de Investigacion en Paleobiologia y GeologiaGeneral Roca 8332Argentina Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Faculdade de GeologiaDepartamento de Mineralogia e Petrologia igneaRiodeJaneiro20559-900Brazil Geobiotec Departamento de GeocienciasUniversidade de AveiroAveiro 3800-002Portuga

Arroyo Verde epithermal deposit,in the North Patagonia region of Argentina,is located within the Lower Chon Aike volcanism and is developed between 192.6±2.5 Ma(mineralization host rock)and 189.5±2.6 Ma(overlying lava).Marifil volcanic complex is the host rock for these veins,veinlets and *** particular small deposit has developed low to intermediate sulphidation characteristics,with gangue mineral textures associated with several ore *** probe microanalysis determines electrum,silver minerals such as acanthite,and tetrahedrite,related Ag-Cu minerals like jalpaite,mckinstryite,stromeyerite,and base metals like chalcopyrite,sphalerite,galena and *** inclusions in quartz of two out of five events indicate that these Low Jurassic veins were formed due to subtle boiling and dilution mechanisms and by low-salinity(3.4 wt.%to 6.7 wt.%NaCl Eq)magmatic-hydrothermal fluid at 225 to 310℃.The fluid inclusion measurements that indicate boiling(Event 3)were plotted,and based on this data,we interpret that the Arroyo Verde deposit has been eroded between 550 and 700 *** particular character has not been previously recorded for other sectors of the eastern north Patagonian region.

关键词： epithermal deposit Ag minerals mineral geochemistry fluid inclusions Chon Aike geochronology

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Emergingγ-soft-like spectrum in^(196)Pt in the SU3-IBM(Ⅰ)

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 150-163页

作者： Tao Wang Bing-Cheng He Chun-Xiao Zhou Dong-Kang Li Lorenzo Fortunato College of Physics Tonghua Normal UniversityTonghua 134000China Physics Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIllinois 60439USA College of Mathematics and Physics Science Hunan University of Arts and ScienceChangde 415000China Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia"G.Galilei"-Universitàdi Padova via Marzolo 8I-35131 PadovaItaly INFN-sez.di Padova via Marzolo 8I-35131 PadovaItaly

Recently,studies have argued that a spherical-like spectrum emerges in the SU3-IBM,thus creating new approaches to understanding y-softness in realistic *** a previous study,γ-softness with degeneracy of the ground and quasi-y bands was *** this paper,another special point connected to the middle degenerate point is *** is found to be related to the properties of^(196)*** emergentγ-softness is also shown to be important for understanding the prolate-oblate asymmetric shape phase *** low-lying spectra,B(E2)values,and quadrupole moments in^(196)Pt are discussed,and we show that the new model can account for several observed *** is the first part of the discussion on theγ-soft-like spectrum of^(196)Pt.

关键词： SU3-IBM ^(196)Pt γ-soft-like spectrum

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The Colíder Paleoproterozoic felsic volcanism:New insights into stratigraphy and petrogenesis in the southern Amazonian Craton

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 274-303页

作者： André Massanobu Ueno Kunifoshita Felipe Holanda dos Santos Maria JoséMesquita Instituto de Geociências Universidade Estadual de Campinas(UNICAMP)Rua Carlos Gomes250CEP:13083-855 CampinasSão PauloBrazil Departamento de geologia Universidade Federal do CearáCampus do PiciBloco 912CEP:60440-554 FortalezaCearáBrazi

The eastern side of Alta Floresta Mineral Province(AFMP)(União do Norte region)comprises an effusive/-subvolcanic phase,explosive phase,and epiclastic *** effusive/subvolcanic phase comprises massive porphyritic rhyolite with different degrees of crystallinity,porphyritic rhyolite with flow structure,and microcrystalline *** explosive phase is characterized by welded lapilli tuff,lapilli tuff with flow structure,stratified lapilli tuff,and tuff with accretionary *** and siltstones characterize epiclastic *** are porphyritic rhyolite dikes that cut the volcanic *** rocks of the Colíder Group are rhyolites(>70%SiO2)with calcic-alkaline to alkaline-calcic affinity.A rhyolitic rock is predominantly ferroan and metaluminous,while a pyroclastic rock is predominantly magnesian to ferroan and meta-to peraluminous in *** rocks have a high LREE content,and slight fractionation of HREE suggests they have hybrid geochemical characteristics of high potassium calc-alkaline,shoshonitic,and suggestive affinities of A-type magmas,probably produced in a post-collisional orogenic *** rocks have a relatively high level of Ba and Rb and a negative anomaly for Sr,P,Nb,Ta,and Ti,suggesting an intra-plate mantle source with contributions from a metasomatized mantle *** rocks do not have adakitic characteristics nor fertility for Cu-Au(Sr/Y<1.9 and LaN/YbN<38.0)as in other regions of the *** welded lapilli tuff rocks show U-Pb age of 1838±17 Ma and 1817±2 Ma and are the older explosive *** effusive/subvolcanic phase has U-Pb ages of 1800±3 Ma and 1792±3 Ma obtained in the massive porphyritic *** age interval of approximately 46 Ma(1838–1792 Ma)suggests the presence of two or more volcanic cycles or distinct volcanic *** on the interpretation of volcanic and epiclastic deposits and remote sensing products,the paleoenvironmental reconstruction includes subaerial with effusive/subvolcani

关键词： Paleoproterozoic volcanism Eroded volcanic caldera Lithofacies analysis Colíder Group Amazonian Craton

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Deciphering the presence of axial-planar veins in tectonites

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第6期10卷 2101-2115页

作者： Elena Druguet Departament de geologia Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona

Veins and dikes are often oriented subparallel to the axial surfaces of folds in the adjacent layered or foliated *** implies an awkward situation,since veins would lay in planes close-to-parallel to the maximum stretching axis.A series of geometric models have been conceived in order to gain insight into the possible mechanisms for their *** models are based on the analysis of a varied selection of field structures and on the review of similar structures in the existing literature.A first categorization consists on distinguishing between axial-planar veins achieved by either progressive or polyphase *** models of axial-planar veins resulting from progressive deformation are described and discussed:(1) fold-related veins associated with the standard folding mechanisms,(2) fracture arrays localized along the short limbs of folds(asymmetric fold-related veins),(3) folds associated with rotation of extension veins(vein-related folds),(4) high strain and transposition of early veins,and(5) high strain and late veins parallel to axial planar foliations(axial planar foliation-related veins).The axial planar geometry is achieved through variable amounts of progressive rotational strain,except in model 5,in which the co-planarity is acquired at the time of vein *** possibility for axial-planar veins to have developed in two distinct phases in the context of polyphase or polyorogenic tectonics has also been explored and *** study contributes to a better understanding of the intriguing interplays between deformation,metamorphic and magmatic processes in orogenic belts.

关键词： Dike Fold Fracture Metamorphic rock Migmatite Shear

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Tectonically asymmetric Earth:From net rotation to polarized westward drift of the lithosphere

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第3期6卷 401-418页

作者： Carlo Doglioni Eugenio Carminati Mattia Crespi Marco Cuffaro Mattia Penati Federica Riguzzi Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra Sapienza Universita di Roma DITS-Area di Geodesia e Geomatica Sapienza Universita di Roma Istituto di geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria CNR MOX-Dipartimento di Matematica Politecnico di Milano Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sez.CNTRomeItaly

The possibility of a net rotation of the lithosphere with respect to the mantle is generally overlooked since it depends on the adopted mantle reference frames, which are arbitrary. We review the geological and geophysical signatures of plate boundaries, and show that they are markedly asymmetric worldwide. Then we compare available reference frames of plate motions relative to the mantle and discuss which is at best able to fit global tectonic data. Different assumptions about the depths of hotspot sources （below or within the asthenosphere, which decouples the lithosphere from the deep mantle） predict different rates of net rotation of the lithosphere relative to the mantle. The widely used no-net-rotation （NNR） reference frame, and low （〈0.2°-0.4°/Ma） net rotation rates （deep hotspots source） predict an average net rotation in which some plates move eastward relative to the mantle （e.g., Nazca）. With fast （〉1°/Ma） net rotation （shallow hotspots source）, all plates, albeit at different velocity, move westerly along a curved trajectory, with a tectonic equator tilted about 30° relative to the geographic equator. This is consistent with the observed global tectonic asymmetries.

关键词： Asymmetric plate tectonics Plate motions Westward drift Mantle convection

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On the material dependence of experimental shear fracture orientation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第12期58卷 2357-2362页

作者： Enrique GOMEZ-RIVAS Albert GRIERA Department of Geology and Petroleum Geology School of Geosciences King’s College University of Aberdeen Departament de geologia Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

It is not uncommon to observe shear fractures in ductile rocks oriented at more than 45° with respect to the maximum compression direction. Since these orientations cannot be explained with the classic Mohr-Coulumb or Tresca yield criteria, Zheng et al.(Journal of Structural Geology, 35: 1394–1405, 2011) proposed the maximum effective moment(MEM) failure criterion. This rule suggests that shear fractures in ductile rocks form at ?55° with the maximum compression axis and that this orientation is material-independent and, therefore, universal. Zheng et al.(Science China: Earth Sciences, 57(11): 2819–2824, 2014) used data from our own experiments as supporting evidence of their failure criterion. In this contribution we discuss why shear fracture formation in ductile rocks indeed strongly depends on the mechanical properties of the deforming medium, and why experimental data should not be taken to prove the validity of the MEM criterion. The formation mechanisms and orientations of shear fractures in our experiments significantly vary depending on the material strength and degree and type of anisotropy(composite and intrinsic). We therefore demonstrate using experimental data that a universal failure angle in ductile and anisotropic rocks does not apply. Additionally, we highlight some inconsistencies of the MEM criterion.

关键词： shear fracture anisotropy fracture orientation material properties failure criteria ductile deformation

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Andean orogenic signature in the Quaternary sandy barriers of Southernmost Brazilian Passive Margin – Paradigm as a source area

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第4期12卷 61-70页

作者： Farid Chemale Junior Ernesto Luiz Correa Lavina Julierme Justin Carassai Tiago Jonatan Girelli Cristiano Lana Programa de Pós Graduação em geologia Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos93022-220São LeopoldoRSBrazil Departamento de geologia Universidade Federal do Ouro Preto35400-000Morro do CruzeiroOuro PretoMGBrazil

Multiple source provenance of sediments and submarine fan formation are herein investigated based on Quaternary sandy barriers of the Brazilian Southernmost Coastal ***-ICP-MS dating on 1625 detrital zircons from marine and aeolian facies sands of four successive lagoon-barrier systems are *** characterization of Archean to Pleistocene zircons into a younger Andean(22±4 Ma to 1±1 Ma,48 from 1625),Mesozoic to Paleozoic,and Mesoproterozoic(479 from 1622)populations suggest that the main feeding of sediments to the coastal plain occurred through the La Plata River drainage *** significant contribution of sediments is transported from the mouth of La Plata River northward by longshore circulation(littoral drift).Minor contributions are also recognized as.a farther source associatedwith the Patagonia drainage and nearby source related to the Uruguay/Rio Grande do Sul Shield and the ParanáBasin,drained by the Camaquãand Jacuí*** latter one is recognized by the contribution fromNeoproterozoic to Early Paleozoic,and some Paleoproterozoic and Archean zircon *** definition of the sources of clastic sediments allows inferences about the origination of Rio Grande Fan where both the cold Falkland and the warm Brazil currents played a major role.

关键词： U–Pb zircon Coastal plain Andean provenance Source to sink process Rio Grande Fan Ocean Atlantic

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Zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotope constraints on Archean crustal evolution in Southeastern Guyana Shield

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第4期10卷 1477-1506页

作者： Joao Marinho Milhomem Neto Jean-Michel Lafon Programa de Pos-graduacao em geologia e Geoquimica-PPGG Instituto de Geociencias-IGUniversidade Federal do Para-UFPA66075-110BelemParaBrazil Laboratório de geologia Isotópica-Pará-Iso IG-UFPA66075-110BelémParáBrazil

The southeastern Guyana Shield,northeast Amazonian Craton,in the north of Brazil,is part of a widespread orogenic belt developed during the Transamazonian orogenic cycle(2.26-1.95 Ga)that includes a large Archean continental landmass strongly reworked during the Transamazonian orogeny,named Amapa *** consists mainly of a high-grade metamorphic granulitic-migmatitic-gneiss complex,of Meso-to Neoarchean age and Rhyacian granitoids and supracrustal *** the first time,coupled U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotope data were obtained on zircon by LA-ICP-MS from five tectono-stratigraphic units of the Archean basement and one Paleoproterozoic intrusive rock,in order to investigate the main episodes of crustal growth and ***-rock Sm-Nd isotope data were compared to the zircon Lu-Hf *** main magmatic episodes were defined by U-Pb zircon dating,two in the Mesoarchean(~3.19 Ga and 2.85 Ga)and one in the Neoarchean(~2.69-2.65 Ga).SubchondriticεHf(t)values obtained for almost all investigated units indicate that crustal reworking processes were predominant during the formation of rocks that today make up the Amapa ***-TDMC model ages,ranging from2.99 Ga to 3.97 Ga,indicate that at least two important periods of mantle extraction and continental crust formation occurred during the Archean in southeastern Guyana Shield,an older one in the Eoarchean(~4.0 Ga)and a younger one in the Mesoarchean(~3.0-3.1 Ga).The latter is recognized as an important period of crustal accretion *** recognition of an Eoarchean episode to the southeastern most part of the Guyana Shield is unprecedented and was not recorded by whole-rock Sm-Nd data,which were restricted to the Meso-Paleoarchean(2.83 Ga to 3.51 Ga).This finding reveals t hat continental crust generation in the Amazonian Craton began at least 500 Ma earlier than previously suggested by the SmNd systematics.

关键词： U-Pb-Lu-Hf isotopes Zircon Archean crustal evolution Southeastern Guyana Shield Amazonian Craton

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Early Permian arc-related volcanism and sedimentation at the western margin of Gondwana： Insight from the Choiyoi Group lower section

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第5期7卷 715-731页

作者： Leonardo Strazzere Daniel A.Gregori Leonardo Benedini CONICET and Catedra de Ceologia Argentina Departamento de Geologia Universidad Nacional del Sur San Juan 670 8000 Bahia Blanca Argentina

Permian sedimentary and basic to intermediate volcanic rocks assigned to the Conglomerado del Río Blanco and Portezuelo del Cenizo Formation, lower part of the Choiyoi Group, crop out between the Cordon del Plata, Cordillera Frontal and Precordillera of Mendoza Province, Argentina. The sedimentary rocks are represented by six lithofacies grouped in three facies associations. They were deposited by mantled and gravitational flows modified by high-energy fluvial currents that evolved to low-energy fluvial and lacustrine environments. They constitute the Conglomerado del Río Blanco, which cover unconformably marine Carboniferous sequences. Five volcanic and volcaniclastic facies make up the beginning of volcanic activity. The first volcanic event in the Portezuelo del Cenizo is basaltic to andesitic lava-flows emplaced in the flanks of volcanoes. Lava collapse produced thick block and ash *** in the intermediate volcanic rocks, there are dacites of different geochemical signature,which indicate that the development of acidic volcanism was coetaneous with the first volcanic *** geochemistry of these rocks induces to consider that the Choiyoi Group Lower section belongs to a magmatic arc on continental crust. The age of this section is assigned to the lower Permian（277 ？ 3.0Ma, Kungurian age）.

关键词： Choiyoi group lower section Conglomerado del Río Blanco Cordillera Frontal Argentina

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