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Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio associated with renal function in type 2 diabetic patients

World Journal of clinical Cases 2024年第14期12卷 2308-2315页

作者： Jin-Li Gao Jue Shen Li-Ping Yang Li Liu Kai Zhao Xiao-Rong Pan Lei Li Ji-Ji Xu Department of Prevention and Health Care Community Health Service Center of Miaohang TownShanghai 200443China Department of Prevention and Health Care Community Health Service Center of Songnan TownShanghai 200434China Department of General Practice Community Health Service Center of Songnan TownShanghai 200434China Department of Administrative Community Health Service Center of Songnan TownShanghai 200434China

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a leading risk factor for the development and progression of chronic kidney disease(CKD).However,an accurate and con-venient marker for early detection and appropriate management of CKD in in-dividuals with T2DM is limited.Recent studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and CKD.None-theless,the predictive value of NLR for renal damage in type 2 diabetic patients remains understudied.This study included 1040 adults aged 65 or older with T2DM from Shanghai's Community Health service Center.The total number of neutrophils and lym-phocytes was detected,and NLR levels were calculated.CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate≤60 mL/min/1.73 m².Participants were di-vided into four groups based on NLR levels.The clinical data and biochemical characteristics were compared among groups.A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between NLR levels and CKD.RESULTS Significant differences were found in terms of sex,serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,total cholesterol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol among patients with T2DM in different NLR groups(Pclinical and pathological parameters(P=0.0001,odds ratio=1.41,95%confidence intervals:1.18-1.68).CONCLUSION An elevated NLR in patients with T2DM is associated with higher prevalence of CKD,suggesting that it could be a marker for the detection and evaluation of diabetic kidney disease.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio Chronic kidney disease Logistic regression Diabetes mellitus

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Effects of long-term blood pressure variability on renal function in community population

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2024年第2期10卷 149-152页

作者： Zhao Feng Zhiquan Jing Zeya Li Gang Wang Shanshan Wu Dan Li Jing Hao Chunlei Yang Jiashu Song Xianzhong Gu Rongchong Huang Department of medical service Yongshun Community Health Service CenterYongshun TownBeijingChina Department of Cardiology Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Cardiology Weihai Municipal HospitalWeihaiShandongChina National clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

High blood pressure is a significant contributor to premature mortality,resulting in nearly 10 million deaths and over 200 million disabilities worldwide.1 In recent years,hypertension treatment has shifted focus not only to average blood pressure but also to blood pressure variability(BPV),categorized into very short-term,short-term,and long-term BPV based on the time period of occurrence.2,3 Long-term BPV has emerged as clinically significant,with studies demonstrating its superiority in predicting long-term cardiovascular events,stroke,and mortality compared to short-term variability.Given its association with pre-renal function decline,reducing blood pressure fluctuations is imperative.

关键词： mortality cardiovascular function

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A Case of Acute HIV-1 and Monkeypox Coinfection After Condomless Insertive Anal Sex in the Previous 69 Days—Beijing Municipality,China,August-October,2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第7期6卷 126-130页

作者： Lin Jia Han Jia Yuan Fang Benyong Yan Mei Zhang Yang Zhang Wen Wang Caiping Guo Xiaojie Huang Tong Zhang Taiyi Jiang clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?The prevalence of monkeypox(mpox)infections is primarily observed among young men who engage in sexual activities with other men,and there is a possibility of sexual transmission.Co-occurring sexually transmitted infections have also been documented.What is added by this report?In this report,we present a case of a patient in China who was simultaneously diagnosed with mpox,and acute human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection.

关键词： acute Acute prevalence

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Cellular angiofibroma arising from the rectocutaneous fistula in an adult: A case report

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World Journal of clinical Cases 2024年第10期12卷 1778-1784页

作者： Hao-En Chen Yu-Yang Lu Ruei-Yu Su Hong-Hau Wang Chao-Yang Chen Je-Ming Hu Jung-Cheng Kang Kuan-Hsun Lin Ta-Wei Pu Department of Surgery Taichung Armed Forces General HospitalTaichung 411Taiwan Department of Surgery Tri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan Department of Pediatrics Tri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan Department of Pathology Tri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 105Taiwan Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Taoyuan Armed Forces General HospitalTaoyuan 32551Taiwan Department of Radiology Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan BranchNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 105Taiwan Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryTri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryTaiwan Adventist HospitalTaipei 105Taiwan Division of Thoracic Surgery Department of SurgeryTri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryTri-Service General Hospital Songshan BranchNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 105Taiwan

BACKGROUND Rectocutaneous fistulae are common.The infection originates within the anal glands and subsequently extends into adjacent regions,ultimately resulting in fistula development.Cellular angiofibroma(CAF),also known as an angiomy ofibroblastoma-like tumor,is a rare benign soft tissue neoplasm predominantly observed in the scrotum,perineum,and inguinal area in males and in the vulva in females.We describe the first documented case CAF that developed within a rectocutaneous fistula and manifested as a perineal mass.CASE SUMMARY In the outpatient setting,a 52-year-old male patient presented with a 2-year history of a growing perineal mass,accompanied by throbbing pain and minor scrotal abrasion.Physical examination revealed a soft,well-defined,non-tender mass at the left buttock that extended towards the perineum,without a visible opening.The initial assessment identified a soft tissue tumor,and the laboratory data were within normal ranges.Abdominal and pelvic computed tomography(CT)revealed swelling of the abscess cavity that was linked to a rectal cutaneous fistula,with a track-like lesion measuring 6 cm×0.7 cm in the left perineal region and attached to the left rectum.Rectoscope examination found no significant inner orifices.A left medial gluteal incision revealed a thick-walled mass,which was excised along with the extending tract,and curettage was performed.Histopathological examination confirmed CAF diagnosis.The patient achieved total resolution during follow-up assessments and did not require additional hospitalization.CONCLUSION CT imaging supports perineal lesion diagnosis and management.Perineal angiofibromas,even with a cutaneous fistula,can be excised transperineally.

关键词： Angiofibroma Perineal mass Rectocutaneous fistula Anorectal fistula Anal fistula Case report

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Factors Associated with Renal Impairment in Patients on Tenofovir for Chronic Hepatitis B in Yaoundé (Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期14卷 18-30页

作者： Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam Sonia Charlsia Ewuo Shu Mahamat Maimouna Winnie Bekolo Nga Isabelle Dang Babagna Paul Talla Mathurin Kowo Firmin Ankouane Andoulo Gloria Enow Ashuntantang Hepato Gastroenterologist service Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Internal Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of clinical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Nephrologist service Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Department of clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Hepato Gastroenterologist service Centre Medical la Cathedrale Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Tenofovir (TFV) is widely used to treat patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. But kidney abnormalities are the main concern using this drug. Few studies have described the renal impairment due to the TFV in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in Sub-Saharan Africa. The objective was to evaluate factors associated with renal impairment observed in patients on TFV for CHB. Method: It was a hospital based cross sectional prospective study carried out from June 2023 to July 2023 in Yaoundé (Cameroon) and included any patient treated with TFV for CHB during at least a period of 6 months. For each participant, we collected in the medical report socio-demographic data, clinical data, baseline creatinine, treatment information (type of TFV which was Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) or Alafenamide (TAF), duration). Then, we collected blood samples to measure serum creatinine and phosphate levels and urine dipstick analysis. Factors associated with renal impairment were assessed with the Odds Ratio. A p value of Results: A total of 60 participants were included. The median age was 44 years [36-55] and median duration of TFV therapy was 17.5 months [11.7-25.7]. The prevalence of reduced eGFR (Conclusion: Kidney function was impaired in some patients receiving TFV for CHB. It should be monitored, particularly after 36 months and for those receiving TDF prodrug.

关键词： Chronic Hepatitis B Tenofovir Factors Associated Renal Impairment Cameroon

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Emerging and multifaceted potential contributions of polyphenols in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 154-169页

作者： Ileana González Cristian Lindner Ivan Schneider Erik Diaz Miguel Angel Morales Armando Rojas Biomedical Research Laboratories Faculty of MedicineCatholic University of MauleTalca 34600000Chile Department of Radiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ConcepciónConcepción 4030000Chile Centre of Primary Attention South Metropolitan Health ServiceSantiago 3830000Chile Faculty of Medicine Catholic University of MauleTalca 3460000Chile Molecular and clinical Pharmacology Program Institute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of ChileSantiago 8320000Chile

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is recognized as a serious public health concern with a considerable impact on human life,long-term health expenditures,and substantial health losses.In this context,the use of dietary polyphenols to prevent and manage T2DM is widely documented.These dietary compounds exert their beneficial effects through several actions,including the protection of pancreatic islet β-cell,the antioxidant capacities of these molecules,their effects on insulin secretion and actions,the regulation of intestinal microbiota,and their contribution to ameliorate diabetic complications,particularly those of vascular origin.In the present review,we intend to highlight these multifaceted actions and the molecular mechanisms by which these plant-derived secondary metabolites exert their beneficial effects on type 2 diabetes patients.

关键词： Polyphenols Antioxidants Oxidative stress Type 2 diabetes mellitus Health benefits

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Blockchain Meets Generative Behavior Steganography:A Novel Covert Communication Framework for Secure IoT Edge Computing

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第4期33卷 886-898页

作者： Yuanlong CAO Junjie LI Kailin CHAO Jianmao XIAO Gang LEI School of Computer Information Engineering Jiangxi Normal University Jiangxi Blockchain Data Security and governance Engineering Research Center Jiangxi Normal University School of Software Jiangxi Normal University

The rapid development of Internet of things(Io T) and edge computing technologies has brought forth numerous possibilities for the intelligent and digital future. The frequent communication and interaction between devices inevitably generate a large amount of sensitive information. Deploying a blockchain network to store sensitive data is crucial for ensuring privacy and security. The openness and synchronicity of blockchain networks give rise to challenges such as transaction privacy and storage capacity issues, significantly impeding their development in the context of edge computing and Io T. This paper proposes a reliable fog computing service solution based on a blockchain fog architecture. This paper stores data files in the inter planetary file system(IPFS) and encrypts the file hash values used for retrieving data files with stream cipher encryption. It employs a steganographic transmission technique leveraging Alpha Zero's Gomoku algorithm to discretely transmit the stream cipher key across the blockchain network without a carrier, thus achieving dual encryption. This approach aims to mitigate the storage burden on the blockchain network while ensuring the security of transaction data. Experimental results demonstrate that the model enhances the transmission capacity of confidential information from kilobytes(KB) to megabytes(MB) and exhibits high levels of covert and security features.

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Biomaterials-based anti-inflammatory treatment strategies for Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 100-115页

作者： Jianjian Chu Weicong Zhang Yan Liu Baofeng Gong Wenbo Ji Tong Yin Chao Gao Danqi Liangwen Mengqi Hao Cuimin Chen Jianhua Zhuang Jie Gao You Yin Department of Neurology Second Affiliated Hospital(Shanghai Changzheng Hospital)of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina School of Pharmacy University College LondonLondonUK Department of clinical Pharmacy Xinhua HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineClinical Pharmacy Innovation InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina School of Health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina Changhai clinical Research Unit Shanghai Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina

The current therapeutic drugs for Alzheimer's disease only improve symptoms,they do not delay disease progression.Therefo re,there is an urgent need for new effective drugs.The underlying pathogenic factors of Alzheimer's disease are not clear,but neuroinflammation can link various hypotheses of Alzheimer's disease;hence,targeting neuroinflammation may be a new hope for Alzheimer's disease treatment.Inhibiting inflammation can restore neuronal function,promote neuro regeneration,reduce the pathological burden of Alzheimer's disease,and improve or even reverse symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.This review focuses on the relationship between inflammation and various pathological hypotheses of Alzheimer's disease;reports the mechanisms and characteristics of small-molecule drugs(e.g.,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,neurosteroids,and plant extracts);macromolecule drugs(e.g.,peptides,proteins,and gene therapeutics);and nanocarriers(e.g.,lipid-based nanoparticles,polymeric nanoparticles,nanoemulsions,and inorganic nanoparticles)in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.The review also makes recommendations for the prospective development of anti-inflammatory strategies based on nanocarriers for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease anti-inflammation blood-brain barrier drug delivery microglia nanoparticles neuroinflammation plant extracts

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Stercoral perforation of the cecum:A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第4期16卷 1189-1194页

作者： Hung-Chun Yu Ta-Wei Pu Jung-Cheng Kang Chao-Yang Chen Je-Ming Hu Ruei-Yu Su Department of Surgery Taichung Armed Forces General HospitalTaichung 411228Taiwan Department of Surgery Tri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 11490Taiwan Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryTri-Service General Hospital Songshan BranchNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 105Taiwan Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryTaiwan Adventist HospitalTaipei 105Taiwan Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryTri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan Department of Pathology Tri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 105Taiwan Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Taoyuan Armed Forces General HospitalTaoyuan 325Taiwan

BACKGROUND With less than 90 reported cases to date,stercoral perforation of the colon is a rare occurrence.Stercoral ulceration is thought to occur due to ischemic pressure necrosis of the bowel wall,which is caused by the presence of a stercoraceous mass.To underscore this urgent surgical situation concerning clinical presentation,surgical treatment,and results,we present the case of a 66-year-old man with a stercoral perforation.CASE SUMMARY A 66-year-old man with a history of hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and gout presented at the emergency department with lower abdominal pain and a low-grade fever lasting for a few hours.Abdominal computed tomography indicated a suspected bezoar(approximately 7.6 cm)in the dilated cecum,accompanied by pericolic fat stranding,mild proximal dilatation of the ileum,pneumoperitoneum,and minimal ascites.Intraoperatively,feculent peritonitis with isolated cecal perforation were observed.Consequently,a right hemicolectomy with peritoneal lavage was performed.A histopathological examination supported the intraoperative findings.CONCLUSION In stercoral perforations,a diagnosis should be diligently pursued,especially in older adults,and prompt surgical intervention should be implemented.

关键词： Acute abdomen Colectomy Peritoneal lavage Pneumoperitoneum Bezoars Case report

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Current assessment and management of measurable residual disease in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the setting of CAR-T-cell therapy

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第2期137卷 140-151页

作者： Minghao Lin Xiaosu Zhao Yingjun Chang Xiangyu Zhao Peking University People’s Hospital Peking University Institute of HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseaseBeijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationBeijing 100044China

Chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-modified T-cell therapy has achieved remarkable success in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL).Measurable/minimal residual disease(MRD)monitoring plays a significant role in the prognostication and management of patients undergoing CAR-T-cell therapy.Common MRD detection methods include flow cytometry(FCM),polymerase chain reaction(PCR),and next-generation sequencing(NGS),and each method has advantages and limitations.It has been well documented that MRD positivity predicts a poor prognosis and even disease relapse.Thus,how to perform prognostic evaluations,stratify risk based on MRD status,and apply MRD monitoring to guide individual therapeutic decisions have important implications in clinical practice.This review assesses the common and novel MRD assessment methods.In addition,we emphasize the critical role of MRD as a prognostic biomarker and summarize the latest studies regarding MRD-directed combination therapy with CAR-T-cell therapy and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT),as well as other therapeutic strategies to improve treatment effect.Furthermore,this review discusses current challenges and strategies for MRD detection in the setting of disease relapse after targeted therapy.

关键词： Measurable/minimal residual disease Acute lymphoblastic leukemia Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell therapy Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Relapse

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