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Associations Between Active,Passive Smoking and the Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第1期12卷 113-118页

作者： Xinyuan Ge Jing Lu Chengxiao Yu Wen Guo Ting Tian Xin Xu Yuqing Ding Jiaxin Gao Wei Zhao Xiaohua Zhou Qingqing Diao Hongxia Ma Qun Zhang Ci Song Hongbing Shen Department of Epidemiology China International Cooperation Center on Environment and Human HealthCenter for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina Health Promotion Center Jiangsu Province Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina Research Units of Cohort Study on cardiovascular Diseases and Cancers Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most common chronic liver disease with an estimated worldwide prevalence of 32.4%.1 The multisystem condition is related to an increased risk of liver-related and cardiovascular extrahepatic diseases.2 Smoking is the leading preventable risk factor for premature disability and *** NAFLD and smoking are both associated with the development of metabolic features,there has been increasing interest in testing the relationship between smoking and *** causal relevance of smoking to NAFLD incidence have been implicated in crosssectional and prospective cohort studies.3,4 However,previous studies mainly focused on the effect of active smoking,discussion on the influence of passive smoking on NAFLD will facilitate illustrating the association between smoking and *** conducted a national two-center cross-section study of active,passive smoking and NAFLD risk in Chinese and European *** design allowed us to(1)test for associations between active,passive smoking and NAFLD risk by sex and consolidate evidence for causality by estimating dose-response relationship,(2)identify mediated factors,and(3)resolve their possible interaction with smoking.

关键词： mortality cardiovascular passive

Mitochondrial dysfunction:mechanisms and advances in therapy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第6期9卷 2362-2390页

作者： Yao Zong Hao Li Peng Liao Long Chen Yao Pan Yongqiang Zheng Changqing Zhang Delin Liu Minghao Zheng Junjie Gao Centre for Orthopaedic Research Medical SchoolThe University of Western AustraliaNedlandsWA 6009Australia Department of Orthopaedics Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200233China Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities and Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200233China State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Sixth People’s Hospital Fujian No.16Luoshan SectionJinguang RoadLuoshan StreetJinjiang CityQuanzhouFujianChina

Mitochondria,with their intricate networks of functions and information processing,are pivotal in both health regulation and disease ***,mitochondrial dysfunctions are identified in many common pathologies,including cardiovascular diseases,neurodegeneration,metabolic syndrome,and ***,the multifaceted nature and elusive phenotypic threshold of mitochondrial dysfunction complicate our understanding of their contributions to ***,these complexities do not prevent mitochondria from being among the most important therapeutic *** recent years,strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction have continuously emerged and transitioned to clinical *** intervention such as using healthy mitochondria to replenish or replace damaged mitochondria,has shown promise in preclinical trials of various *** components,including mtDNA,mitochondria-located microRNA,and associated proteins can be potential therapeutic agents to augment mitochondrial function in immunometabolic diseases and tissue ***,we review current knowledge of mitochondrial pathophysiology in concrete examples of common *** also summarize current strategies to treat mitochondrial dysfunction from the perspective of dietary supplements and targeted therapies,as well as the clinical translational situation of related pharmacology ***,this review discusses the innovations and potential applications of mitochondrial transplantation as an advanced and promising treatment.

关键词： dysfunction injuries replace

Tricuspid valve endocarditis:cardiovascular imaging evaluation and management

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第30期9卷 8974-8984页

作者： Agostina M Fava Bo Xu section of cardiovascular Imaging Robert and Suzanne TomsichDepartment of Cardiovascular MedicineSydell and Arnold Miller Family HeartVascular and Thoracic InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

Right-sided infective endocarditis is an increasingly recognized disease entity,with tricuspid valve being most frequently *** factors for tricuspid valve endocarditis(TVIE)include intravenous drug use,cardiac implantable electronic devices and indwelling *** aureus is the predominant causative organism in *** diagnosis of infective endocarditis(IE)is based on clinical manifestations,blood cultures,and the presence of valvular vegetations detected by *** imaging is helpful when there is ongoing clinical suspicion for IE following initially negative *** computed tomography allows for assessment of extra-cardiac complications in TVIE,including pulmonary septic emboli.18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography and radiolabelled white blood cell,single-photon emission computed tomography provide important clinical information concerning the presence of IE in right-sided prosthetic valves or cardiac implantable electronic *** aim of this review is to provide an update on TVIE,discussing the role of multimodality imaging in TVIE and the management of these patients.

关键词： Tricuspid valve endocarditis Multimodality imaging Echocardiography Computed tomography Positron emission tomography/computed tomography

Patterns of in-hospital mortality and bleeding complications following PCI for very elderly patients： insights from the Dartmouth Dynamic Registry

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2018年第2期15卷 131-136页

作者： Shawn X Li Hannah I Chaudry Jiyong Lee Theodore B Curran Vishesh Kumar Kendrew K Wong Bruce W Andrus James T DeVries Dartmouth Geisel School of medicine Hanover NH USA Department of Internal medicine Dartmouth-Hitcheock Medical Center Lebanon NH USA section of cardiovascular medicine Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon NH USA

Background Very elderly patients （age 〉 85 years） are a rapidly increasing segment of the population. As a group, they experience high rates of in-hospital mortality and bleeding complications following percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. However, the relationship between bleeding and mortality in the very elderly is unknown. Methods Retrospective review was performed on 17,378 consecutive PCI procedures from 2000 to 2015 at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center. Incidence of bleeding during the index PCI admission （bleeding requiring transfusion, access site hematoma 〉 5 cm, pseudoaneurysm, and retroperitoneal bleed） and in-hospital mortality were reported for four age groups （〈 65 years, 65-74 years, 75-84 years, and ≥ 85 years）. The mortality of patients who suffered bleeding complications and those who did not was calculated and multivariate analysis was performed for in-hospital mortality. Lastly, known predictors of bleeding were compared between patients age 〈 85 years and age ≥85 years. Results Of 17,378 patients studied, 1019 （5.9%） experienced bleeding and 369 （2.1%） died in-hospital following PCI. Incidence of bleeding and in-hospital mortality increased monotonically with increasing age （mortality： 0.94%, 2.27%, 4.24% and 4.58%; bleeding： 3.96%, 6.62%, 10.68% and 13.99% for ages 〈 65, 65-4, 75-84 and ≥ 85 years, respectively）. On multivariate analysis, bleeding was associated with increased mortality for all age groups except patients age ≥85 years [odds ratio （95% CI）： age 〈 65 years, 3.65 （1.99-6.74）; age 65-74 years, 2.83 （1.62-4.94）; age 75-84 years, 3.86 （2.56-5.82）, age ≥ 85 years 1.39 （0.49-3.95）]. Conclusions Bleeding and mortality following PCI increase with increasing age. For the very elderly, despite high rates of bleeding, bleeding is no longer predictive of in-hospital mortality following PCI.

关键词： Complications In-hospital mortality Percutaneous coronary intervention The elderly

Atrial fibrillation in the elderly: the potential contribution of reactive oxygen species

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2012年第4期9卷 379-388页

作者： Kurt J. Schillinger Vickas V. Patel Penn cardiovascular Institute and section of Cardiac Electrophysiology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most commonly encountered cardiac arrhythmia, and is a significant source of healthcare expenditures throughout the world. It is an arrhythmia with a very clearly defined predisposition for individuals of advanced age, and this fact has led to intense study of the mechanistic links between aging and AF. By promoting oxidative damage tomultiple subcellular and cellular structures, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to induce the intra- and extra-cellular changes necessary to promote the pathogenesis of *** addition, the generation and accumulation of ROS have been intimately linked to the cellular processeswhich underlie aging. This review begins with an overview of AF pathophysiology, and introduces the critical structures which, when damaged, predispose an otherwise healthy atrium toAF. The available evidence thatROS can lead to damage of these critical structures is then reviewed. Finally, the evidence linking the process of aging to the pathogenesis of AF is discussed.

关键词： Aging Arrhythmia Atrial fibrillation Cardiac Free radicals Oxidative stress Redox

Left main bifurcation stenting:the impact of strut thickness on long-term outcomes

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2021年第2期18卷 91-93页

作者： Gianluca Rigatelli Marco Zuin cardiovascular Diagnosis and Endoluminal Interventions Unit Rovigo General HospitalRovigoItaly section of Internal and Cardiopulmonary medicine University of FerraraFerraraItaly

Over the latest years,both randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and observational studies have provided solid basis for percutaneous coronary intervention as a treatment option for unprotected left main(LM)bifurcation coronary artery disease.A recent meta-analysis comparing the long-term outcome between LM bifurcation disease one-stent technique versus twostent technique,the study has demonstrated that one-stent strategy resulted associated with both major adverse cardiac events and target lesion revascularizations(TLRs)lower rates but resulted equivalent to two-stent strategy in terms of cardiovascular mortality,target lesion failure and stent thrombosis(ST)even at one-year and three-year follow-up.[1]

关键词： stent coronary bifurcation

In-hospital outcomes and readmission in older adults treated with percutaneous coronary intervention for stable ischemic heart disease

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2022年第9期19卷 631-642页

作者： Dae Yong Park Jonathan M.Hanna Sumeet Kadian Mannat Kadian WSchuyler Jones Abdulla Al Damluji Ajar Kochar Jeptha P.Curtis Michael G.Nanna Department of medicine Cook County HealthChicagoILUSA Department of Internal medicine Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA University of Connecticut StorrsCTUSA East Lyme High School East LymeCTUSA section of Interventional Cardiology Duke University Health SystemDurhamNCUSA section of Interventional Cardiology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA section of Interventional Cardiology Brigham and Women’s HospitalBostonMAUSA section of cardiovascular medicine Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA

Background Percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)for stable ischemic heart disease(SIHD)in older adults requires a metic-ulous assessment of procedural risks and benefits,but contemporary data on outcomes in this population is ***,we examined the risk of near-term readmission,bleeding,and mortality in high-risk cohort of older adults undergoing inpatient PCI for *** We analyzed the National Readmissions Database from 2017 to 2018 to identify index hospitalizations in which PCI was performed for *** were stratified into those≥75 years old(older adults)and those<75 years *** primary outcome was 90-day *** outcomes included in-hospital mortality,hospital length of stay(LOS),and total hospital *** A total of 74,516 patients underwent inpatient PCI for SIHD,of whom 24,075 were older *** adult patients had higher odds of in-hospital mortality(OR=2.00,95%CI:1.68-2.38),intracranial hemorrhage(OR=2.03,95%CI:1.24-3.34),and gastrointestinal hemorrhage(OR=1.72,95%CI:1.43-2.07)during index hospitalization,with longer LOS and in-hospital *** adults also experienced a higher hazard of 90-day readmission for any cause(HR=1.61,95%CI:1.57-1.66)and car-diovascular causes(HR=1.84,95%CI:1.77-1.91).CONCLUSION Older adults undergoing inpatient PCI for SIHD were at increased risk for in-hospital mortality,periprocedural morbidities,higher cost,and readmissions compared with younger *** these differences may improve shared decision-making for patients with SIHD being considered for PCI.

关键词： mortality coronary younger

Split intein-mediated protein trans-splicing to express large dystrophins

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四川生理科学杂志 2024年第7期46卷 1627-1627页

作者： Hichem Tasfaout Department of Neurology University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle WA USA Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle WA USA Department of Biochemistry University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle WA USA Center for Translational Muscle Research University of Washington Seattle WA USA Department of Bioengineering College of Engineering and School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA USA Department of Infectious Diseases/Virology Section Viral Vector Technologies Medical Faculty and Faculty of Engineering Sciences Center for Integrative Infectious Disease Research (CIID) University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany BioQuant University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) and German Center for cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Heidelberg Germany

Gene replacement using adeno-associated virus(AAV)vectors is a promising therapeutic approach for many diseases1,***,this therapeutic modality is challenged by the packaging capacity of AAVs(approximately 4.7 kilobases)3,limiting its application for disorders involving large coding sequences,such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy,with a 14 kilobase messenger RNA.

关键词： Split bases limiting

Complete heart block as presenting symptom of massive pulmonary embolism in an elderly patient

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第9期14卷 593-594页

作者： Marco Zuin Gianluca Rigatelli section of Internal and Cardiopulmonary medicine Department of Medical Science University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy Department of Cardiology Rovigo General Hospital Rovigo Italy section of cardiovascular Diagnoxis and Endoluminal Interventions Rovigo General Hospital Rovigo Italy

A 68-year-old man presented to the emergency depart-ment due to recurrent episodes of syncope and shortness ofbreath during the previous two days. Her medical historyincluded arterial hypertension and diabetes. She was nottaking any negative chronotropic drugs but she referred afhmilial history of fhtal pulmonary embolism and suddencardiac death. At admission, blood pressure, pulse rate andperipheral oxygen saturation were 88/60 mmHg.

关键词： Complete heart block Pulmonary embolism The elderly