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Analysis of solar radiation changes in Chinese solar greenhouses with different roof structures based on a solar radiation model

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第2期15卷 221-229页

作者： Kai Liu Hongjun Xu Hong Li Xiao Wu Siyu Sang Jie Gao Department of horticulture College of HorticultureXinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China Department of horticulture Center for Postdoctoral Studies of Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China

Chinese solar greenhouses(CSGs)are important agricultural production *** non-artificial heating conditions,solar radiation is the only CSGs energy *** is highly important to optimally obtain solar energy in greenhouse construction and *** this study,a solar radiation model for solar greenhouses was adopted to explore the quantities of solar radiation in greenhouses considering different front roof forms and ***,the solar radiation amounts corresponding to five roof forms,namely,double-section arc,parabolic,oval,arc,and linear roofs,are compared and analyzed during the four solar periods(beginning of spring,vernal equinox,beginning of winter,and winter solstice).It was found that the solar radiation of oval roof greenhouses on the ground was the largest and was 4.44%-23.68%higher than that of parabolic *** addition,the cumulative sum of light on the linear roof greenhouse wall is also the largest and was 6.02%to 12.08%higher than the parabolic roof greenhouse in the four solar ***,the solar radiation in CSGs was compared with front roof angles of 25°,30°,and 35°.It was observed that the solar radiation amount gradually increases with increasing ***,the variation at an angle of 35°influences the solar radiation of the paraboloidal CSGs ground and elliptical CSGs north wall to the greatest extent,which increased by 8.23%and 12.74%,*** study confirms the role of front roof form and inclination angle in enhancing the greenhouse solar radiation level.

关键词： Chinese solar greenhouse roof structure roof angle solar radiation model

A signaling cascade mediating fruit trait development via phosphorylation-modulated nuclear accumulation of JAZ repressor

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1106-1125页

作者： Wei Wang Jinyao Ouyang Yating Li Changsheng Zhai Bing He Huahan Si Kunsong Chen Jocelyn K.C.Rose Wensuo Jia College of horticulture China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhou 310058China Plant Biology section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthaca14853NYUSA Institute of horticulture Crops Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesUrumqi 830000China

It is generally accepted that jasmonate-ZIM domain(JAZ)repressors act to mediate jasmonate(JA)signaling via CORONATINE-INSENSITIVE1(COI1)-mediated ***,we report a cryptic signaling cascade where a JAZ repressor,FvJAZ12,mediates multiple signaling inputs via phosphorylation-modulated subcellular translocation rather than the COI1-mediated degradation mechanism in strawberry(Fragaria vesca).FvJAZ12 acts to regulate flavor metabolism and defense response,and was found to be the target of Fv MPK6,a mitogen-activated protein kinase that is capable of responding to multiple signal ***6 phosphorylates FvJAZ12 at the amino acid residues S179 and T183 adjacent to the PY residues,thereby attenuating its nuclear accumulation and relieving its repression for FvMYC2,which acts to control the expression of lipoxygenase 3(FvLOX3),an important gene involved in JA biosynthesis and a diverse array of cellular *** data reveal a previously unreported mechanism for JA signaling and decipher a signaling cascade that links multiple signaling inputs with fruit trait development.

关键词： defense response JAZ repressor phosphorylation strawberry subcellular translocation

Convolutional Neural Networks for Image-Based High-Throughput Plant Phenotyping:A Review

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Plant Phenomics 2020年第1期2卷 73-94页

作者： Yu Jiang Changying Li horticulture section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell AgriTechCornell UniversityUSA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of EngineeringThe University of GeorgiaUSA Phenomics and Plant Robotics Center The University of GeorgiaUSA

Plant phenotyping has been recognized as a bottleneck for improving the efficiency of breeding programs,understanding plantenvironment interactions,and managing agricultural *** the past five years,imaging approaches have shown great potential for high-throughput plant phenotyping,resulting in more attention paid to imaging-based plant *** this increased amount of image data,it has become urgent to develop robust analytical tools that can extract phenotypic traits accurately and *** goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest studies using deep convolutional neural networks(CNNs)in plant phenotyping *** specifically review the use of various CNN architecture for plant stress evaluation,plant development,and postharvest quality *** systematically organize the studies based on technical developments resulting from imaging classification,object detection,and image segmentation,thereby identifying state-of-the-art solutions for certain phenotyping ***,we provide several directions for future research in the use of CNN architecture for plant phenotyping purposes.

关键词： Plant image thereby

Variations in zonal fruit starch concentrations of apples – a developmental phenomenon or an indication of ripening?

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horticulture Research 2015年第1期2卷 84-92页

作者： Franziska C Doerflinger William B Miller Jacqueline F Nock Christopher B Watkins horticulture section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthaca14853NYUSA School of Agriculture Food&WineUniversity of AdelaideWaite CampusGlen Osmond5064South AustraliaAustralia

Patterns of starch hydrolysis in stem,equatorial,and calyx zones of‘Honeycrisp’and‘Empire’apples(Malus sylvestris(L.)Mill ***(Borkh.)Mansf.)during maturation and ripening,and in‘Gala’apples in response to propylene or 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)treatments after harvest,were *** in zonal starch concentrations were found for‘Empire’and‘Gala’fruits,but not for‘Honeycrisp’.During maturation and ripening of‘Empire’,the concentration of starch was highest in the calyx end and lowest in the stem region.Differences in rates of starch hydrolysis among zones were not detected.‘Honeycrisp’and‘Empire’had the highest concentration of sorbitol in the calyx region,whereas it was highest in the stem-end region in‘Gala’.The distribution differences of glucose,fructose,and sucrose were similar in all three cultivars;higher fructose and glucose concentrations in the stem region,and higher sucrose concentrations in the calyx end of the *** treatment of‘Gala’with propylene did not affect the internal ethylene concentration of the fruit but 1-MCP markedly inhibited *** concentrations were highest in the calyx end but gradients of starch among zones were not changed by postharvest *** rate of hydrolysis was slowed by 1-MCP treatment,but was unaffected by *** treatments influenced sorbitol,glucose,and fructose *** of starch concentration among the zones did not confirm differences in ripening,but reflected its uneven distribution throughout the fruit during ***,measured differences in zonal starch are most likely related to starch accumulation during fruit development,rather than differences in rates of starch degradation during ripening.

关键词： cultivar fir starch

Assessing the allelotypic effect of two aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid synthase-encoding genes MdACS1 and MdACS3a on fruit ethylene production and softening in Malus

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horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 198-207页

作者： Laura Dougherty Yuandi Zhu Kenong Xu horticulture section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityNew York State Agricultural Experiment StationGenevaNY 14456USA Department of Pomology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Phytohormone ethylene largely determines apple fruit shelf life and *** studies demonstrated that MdACS1 and MdACS3a,which encode 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthases(ACS),are crucial in apple fruit ethylene ***1 is well-known to be intimately involved in the climacteric ethylene burst in fruit ripening,while MdACS3a has been regarded a main regulator for ethylene production transition from system 1(during fruit development)to system 2(during fruit ripening).However,MdACS3a was also shown to have limited roles in initiating the ripening process *** better assess their roles,fruit ethylene production and softening were evaluated at five time points during a 20-day post-harvest period in 97 Malus accessions and in 34 progeny from 2 controlled *** was accomplished using an existing marker(ACS1)for MdACS1 and two markers(CAPS866 and CAPS870)developed here to specifically detect the two null alleles(ACS3a-G289V and Mdacs3a)of *** total,952 Malus accessions were allelotyped with the three *** major findings included:The effect of MdACS1 was significant on fruit ethylene production and softening while that of MdACS3a was less detectable;allele MdACS1–2 was significantly associated with low ethylene and slow softening;under the same background of the MdACS1 allelotypes,null allele Mdacs3a(not ACS3a-G289V)could confer a significant delay of ethylene peak;alleles MdACS1–2 and Mdacs3a(excluding ACS3a-G289V)were highly enriched in *** and *** when compared with those in *** findings are of practical implications in developing apples of low and delayed ethylene profiles by utilizing the beneficial alleles MdACS1-2 and Mdacs3a.

关键词： effect softening finding

Genotyping-by-sequencing of Brassica oleracea vegetables reveals unique phylogenetic patterns, population structure and domestication footprints

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horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 460-469页

作者： Zachary Stansell Katie Hyma Jonathan Fresnedo-Ramírez Qi Sun Sharon Mitchell Thomas Björkman Jian Hua School of Integrative Plant Science Horticulture SectionCornell UniversityGenevaNY14456USA Genomic Diversity Facility Institute of BiotechnologyCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA Bioinformatics Facility Institute of BiotechnologyCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA School of Integrative Plant Science Plant Biology SectionCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA Syracuse University SyracuseNYUSA Department of horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State University/OARDCWoosterOH44691USA

Brassica oleracea forms a diverse and economically significant crop *** efforts are often hindered by limited knowledge of diversity contained within available ***,we employ genotyping-by-sequencing to investigate a diverse panel of 85 landrace and improved *** broccoli,cauliflower,and Chinese kale ***,21,680 high-quality SNPs were used to reveal a complex and admixed population structure and clarify phylogenetic relationships among *** *** broccoli landrace contained,on average,8.4 times as many unique alleles as an improved broccoli and landraces collectively represented 81%of all broccoli-specific *** broccoli hybrids were largely represented by a single subpopulation identified within a complex population *** allelic diversity in landrace broccoli and 96.1%of SNPs differentiating improved cauliflower from landrace cauliflower were common to the larger pool of broccoli germplasm,supporting a parallel or later development of cauliflower due to introgression events from *** kale was readily distinguished by principal coordinate *** was accomplished with and without reliance upon a reference genome producing 141,317 and 20,815 filtered SNPs,respectively,supporting robust SNP discovery methods in neglected or unimproved crop groups that lack a reference *** work clarifies the population structure,phylogeny,and domestication footprints of landrace and improved *** broccoli using many genotyping-by-sequencing ***,a large pool of genetic diversity contained in broccoli landraces is described which may enhance future breeding efforts.

关键词： breeding structure supporting

Increased activity of MdFRK2, a high-affinity fructokinase, leads to upregulation of sorbitol metabolism and downregulation of sucrose metabolism in apple leaves

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horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 54-65页

作者： Jingjing Yang Lingcheng Zhu Weifang Cui Chen Zhang Dongxia Li Baiquan Ma Lailiang Cheng Yong-Ling Ruan Fengwang Ma Mingjun Li State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi712100China section of horticulture School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA School of Environmental and Life Sciences The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW2308Australia

To investigate the functions of fructokinase(FRK)in apple(Malus domestica)carbohydrate metabolism,we cloned the coding sequences of MdFRK1 and MdFRK2 from the‘Royal Gala’*** results showed that MdFRK2 expression was extremely high in shoot tips and young *** of heterologously expressed proteins revealed that MdFRK2 had a higher affinity for fructose than did MdFRK1,with Km values of 0.1 and 0.62 mM for MdFRK2 and MdFRK1,*** two proteins,however,exhibited similar Vmax values when their activities were significantly inhibited by high concentrations of ***2 ectopic expression was associated with a general decrease in fructose concentration in transgenic *** leaves,increased FRK activity similarly resulted in reduced concentrations of glucose and sucrose but no alterations in sorbitol *** compared with those in the untransformed control,genes involved in sorbitol synthesis(A6PR)and the degradation pathway(SDH1/2)were significantly upregulated in transgenic lines,whereas those involved in sucrose synthesis(SPS1)and other degradation processes(SUSY4,NINV1/2,and HxK2)were *** activity of enzymes participating in carbohydrate metabolism was proportional to the level of gene ***,the growth performance and photosynthetic efficiency did not differ between the transgenic and wild-type *** results provide new genetic evidence to support the view that FRK plays roles in regulating sugar and sorbitol metabolism in Rosaceae plants.

关键词： synthesis transformed sugar

Sugar metabolism and accumulation in the fruit of transgenic apple trees with decreased sorbitol synthesis

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horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 80-90页

作者： Mingjun Li Pengmin Li Fengwang Ma Abhaya M.Dandekar Lailiang Cheng State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F University712100YanglingShaanxiP.R.China section of horticulture School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCA95616USA

Both sorbitol and sucrose are synthesized in source leaves and transported to fruit for supporting fruit growth in tree fruit species of the Rosaceae *** apple(Malus domestica),antisense suppression of aldose-6-phosphate reductase,the key enzyme for sorbitol synthesis,significantly decreased the sorbitol concentration but increased the sucrose concentration in leaves,leading to a lower sorbitol but a higher sucrose supply to fruit in these *** response to this altered carbon supply,the transgenic fruit had lower concentration of sorbitol and much higher concentration of glucose but similar levels of fructose,sucrose,and starch throughout fruit development relative to the untransformed *** of sorbitol dehydrogenase,fructokinase,and sucrose phosphate synthase were lower,whereas activities of neutral invertase,sucrose synthase,and hexokinase were higher in the transgenic fruit during fruit *** levels of MdSOT1,MdSDHs,MdFK2,and MdSPS3/6 were downregulated,whereas transcript levels of MdSUC1/4,MdSUSY1-3,MdNIV1/3,MdHKs,and MdTMT1 were upregulated in the transgenic *** findings suggest that the Sucrose cycle and the sugar transport system are very effective in maintaining the level of fructose and provide insights into the roles of sorbitol and sucrose in regulating sugar metabolism and accumulation in sorbitol-synthesizing species.

关键词： synthesis sugar transformed

Comparison of Morphological and Anatomical Characteristics of Taxus chinensis *** Seedlings Root under Waterlogging Stress in Different Substrates

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第6期90卷 1673-1684页

作者： Xinru He Qiong Ding Bing Sun Yongjun Fei Die Hu College of horticulture and Gardening Yangtze UniversityJingzhou434025China

Four different ratios of river sand,ceramic pellets,vermiculite and perlite(1:1),and field soil were selected as the substrates in this experiment,and four gradient levels of root waterlogging,half waterlogging,full waterlogging and normal were set to investigate the effects of different gradients of waterlogging stress on the root morphology of Taxus chinensis *** seedlings under different *** this study,the root anatomical structure of Taxus chinensis *** under different waterlogging stress was observed by the paraffin section *** roots of *** *** were diarch,with no pith and resin *** was a large number of tannins in the pericycle of the aerial adventitious roots of seedlings adapted to ***,the endodermis has obvious casparian strip thickening,and there were 4-5 layers of large parenchymatous cells in the close to the inner side of the pericycle in the vascular cylinder,which could increase the storage capacity,and transport capacity of the *** the treatment of root waterlogging stress,the development of plant roots in the mixed substrate of vermiculite and,perlite was the *** half waterlogging stress,*** *** seedlings treated with various substrates all could better adapt to the environment of waterlogging *** the stress of fully waterlogging,the roots of seedlings planted in river sand substrate developed secondary growth.

关键词： Waterlogging stress Taxus chinensis var.mairei root morphological anatomy