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Neuroscience Bulletin 2021年第9期37卷 1365-1369页

作者： Xu-Sha Wu Tian-Cai Yan Xian-Yang Wang Yang Cao Xiao-Fan Liu Yu-Fei Fu Lin Wu Yin-Chuan Jin Hong Yin Long-Biao Cui School of Medical Technology Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyang 712046China Department of clinical psychology School of Medical PsychologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032China School of Medical Imaging Mudanjiang Medical UniversityMudanjiang 157011China Department of Radiology Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032China Department of Radiology The Second Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China

Schizophrenia(SZ)is a chronic,serious,and recurrent mental illness,characterized by cognitive impairment as the core symptom,which can be an important sign before the onset of psychosis[1].Furthermore,persistent cogni... 详细信息

关键词： impairment Schizophrenia patients

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第9期14卷 1544-1555页

作者： Laia Farras-Permanyer Nuria Mancho-Fora Marc Montala-Flaquer David Bartres-Faz Lidia Vaque-Alcazar Maribel Pero-Cebollero Joan Guardia-Olmos Quantitative psychology section Faculty of PsychologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Healthy SciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Institute of Neuroscience UB Institute of Complex SystemsUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer BarcelonaSpain

Age-related changes in the brain connectivity of healthy older adults have been widely studied in recent years,with some differences in the obtained *** of these studies showed decreases in general functional connectivity,but they also found increases in some particular regions and ***,these studies compared young individuals with older subjects,but few studies compared different age groups only in older *** purpose of this study is to analyze whole-brain functional connectivity in healthy older adult groups and its network characteristics through functional segregation.A total of 114 individuals,48 to 89 years old,were scanned using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in a resting state paradigm and were divided into six different age groups(<60,60–64,65–69,70–74,75–79,≥80 years old).A partial correlation analysis,a pooled correlation analysis and a study of 3-cycle regions with prominent connectivity were *** results showed progressive diminution in the functional connectivity among different age groups and this was particularly pronounced between 75 and 79 years *** oldest group(≥80 years old)showed a slight increase in functional connectivity compared to the other *** occurred possibly because of compensatory mechanism in brain *** study provides information on the brain functional characteristics of every age group,with more specific information on the functional progressive decline,and supplies methodological tools to study functional connectivity *** for the study was obtained from the ethics committee of the Comision de Bioetica de la Universidad de Barcelona(approval ***2012-38257)on June 5,2012,and from the ethics committee of the Barcelona’s Hospital Clinic(approval No.2009-5306 and 2011-6604)on October 22,2009 and April 7,2011 respectively.

关键词： brain connectivity resting state default mode network aging healthy functional connectivity resting state network age groups

Why do we have to review our experience in managing cases with idiopathic fistula-in-ano regularly?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第28期17卷 3297-3299页

作者： Claudio Fucini Iacopo Giani Department of Medical and Surgical Critical Care Section of General SurgeryUniversity of Florence Department of Medicine and Surgery-USL8 Arezzo Section of General Surgery Valdichiana

"Why do we have to review our experience in managing idiopathic fistula-in-ano regularly?" In order to answer this apparently simple question,we reviewed our clinical and surgical cases and most important relevant literature to find a rational and scientific *** would appear that whatever method you adopt in fistula management,there is a price to pay regarding either rate of recurrence (higher with conservative methods) or impairment of continence (higher with traditional surgery).Since,at the moment,reliable data to identify a treatment as a gold standard in the management of anal fistulas are lacking,the correct approach to this condition must consider all the anatomic and clinicopathological aspects of the disease;this knowledge joined to an eclectic attitude of the surgeon,who should be familiar with different types of treatment,is the only guarantee for a satisfactory *** a conclusion,it is worthwhile to remember that adequate initial treatment significantly reduces recurrence,which,when it occurs,is usually due to failure to recognise the tract and primary opening at the initial operation.

关键词： Anal fistula treatment Surgery of fistulain-ano Anal cryptoglandular infections Anal abscess Recurrent fistula-in-ano

Differential Kinematic Encoding of Saccades and Smooth-pursuit Eye Movements by Fastigial Neurons

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第8期38卷 927-932页

作者： Zongpeng Sun Peter W.Dicke Peter Thier School of psychology Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an710062China Department of Cognitive Neurology Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research72076TübingenGermany

Dear Editor,Saccades and smooth-pursuit eye movements(SPEMs)are two categories of eye movements with very different kinematics,in particular very different acceleration and velocity ranges,differences that have contributed to the notion of largely segregated underlying neuronal *** instance,it has been suggested that distinct wellsegregated pools of oculomotor vermis(OMV)Purkinje cells(PCs)are specialized for the fine-tuning of the relevant kinematic parameters characterizing each of them.

关键词： pursuit specialized instance

Pathophysiological significance of increased α-synuclein deposition in sympathetic nerves in Parkinson’s disease: a post-mortem observational study

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 737-746页

作者： Risa Isonaka Patti Sullivan David S.Goldstein Autonomic Medicine section Clinical Neurosciences ProgramDivision of Intramural ResearchNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by intra-neuronal deposition of the protein α-synuclein (α-syn) and by deficiencies of the catecholamines dopamine and norepinephrine (NE) in the brain and heart. Accumulation of α-syn in sympathetic noradrenergic nerves may provide a useful PD biomarker;however, whether α-syn buildup is pathophysiological has been unclear. If it were, one would expect associations of intra-neuronal α-syn deposition with catecholaminergic denervation and with decreased NE contents in the same samples. Methods: We assayed immunoreactive α-syn and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH, a marker of catecholaminergic innerva-tion) concurrently with catecholamines in coded post-mortem scalp skin, submandibular gland (SMG), and apical left ventricular myocardial tissue samples from 14 patients with autopsy-proven PD and 12 age-matched control subjects who did not have a neurodegenerative disease. Results: The PD group had increased α-syn in sympathetic noradrenergically innervated arrector pili muscles (5.7 times control, P < 0.0001), SMG (35 times control, P = 0.0011), and myocardium (11 times control, P = 0.0011). Myocar-dial TH in the PD group was decreased by 65% compared to the control group (P = 0.0008), whereas the groups did not differ in TH in either arrector pili muscles or SMG. Similarly, myocardial NE was decreased by 92% in the PD group (P < 0.0001), but the groups did not differ in NE in either scalp skin or SMG. Conclusions: PD entails increased α-syn in skin, SMG, and myocardial tissues. In skin and SMG, augmented α-syn deposition in sympathetic nerves does not seem to be pathogenic. The pathophysiological significance of intra-neuronal α-syn deposition appears to be organ-selective and prominent in the heart.

关键词： Synuclein Tyrosine hydroxylase Norepinephrine Immunofluorescence Parkinson Post-mortem

Pilot study to determine improvements in subjective penile morphology and personal relationships following a Nesbit plication procedure for men with congenital penile curvature

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第3期10卷 512-519页

作者： Giorgio Cavallini Stefano Caracciolo Andrological Operative Unit Headquarters of Societg7 ltaliana di Studi di Medicina della Riproduzione via Mazzini 12Bologna 40138 Italy section of general and clinical psychology University of Ferrara - Medical School Via Fossato di Mortara 64bFerrara 44100 Italy

Aim： To determine whether the surgical straightening of congenital penile curvature can improve intromission comfort, penile features, personal relationships and psychogenic erectile dysfunction （ED）. Methods： Fifty-four patients （mean age 24 years, range 20-31 years） whose congenital penile deviation due to physiological curvature was ≥ 25 degrees, as measured on a graph, and who were experiencing penetration discomfort were assessed specifically for the present study. Of these, 14 patients suffered from psychogenic ED. The assessment included a case history, an objective examination, a pharmacologically-induced erection with prostaglandin E1 10-20 g, a graph taken during erection, a basal and dynamic Duplex ultrasonograph, penile length measurement, nocturnal penile tumescence recording, hormonal profiles and a psychological interview to evaluate the quality of their personal relationships according to Hinde＇s parameters （contents, number, features, frequency, ability to perceive limits of mutuality, subjective perception of the other person[s], and reliability）. All patients underwent the Nesbit procedure. The initial assessment was repeated at 3 and 12 months after surgery. Data analyses were carried out using the z test. Results： Subjective judgement of cosmetic penile features and vaginal intromission comfort improved significantly after surgery whereas the quality of personal relationships and ED did not. Conclusion： The surgical straightening of congenital penile curvature improved intromission comfort and penile features, but it failed to improve interpersonal relationships or psychogenic ED.

关键词： congenital penile curvature Nesbit procedure penile surgery personal relationships

Autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease in a family without polycystic kidney disease associated with a novel missense protein kinase C substrate 80K-H mutation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第48期11卷 7690-7693页

作者： Ramón Peces Joost PH Drenth Rene HM te Morsche Pedro González Carlos Peces section of Nephrology Department of Medicine section of Digestive Hospital general La Mancha-Centro Computer Science Superior School

Polycystic liver disease (PLD) is characterized by the presence of multiple bile duct-derived epithelial cysts scattered in the liver parenchyma. PLD can manifest itself in patients with severe autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Isolated autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease (ADPLD) is genetically distinct from PLD associated with ADPKD, although it may have similar pathogenesis and clinical ***, mutations in two causative genes for ADPLD,independently from ADPKD, have been identified. We report here a family (a mother and her daughter) with a severe form of ADPLD not associated with ADPKD produced by a novel missense protein kinase C substrate 80K-H (PRKCSH) mutation (R281W). This mutation causes a severe phenotype, since the two affected subjects manifested signs of portal hypertension. Doppler sonography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are effective in documenting the underlying lesions in a non-invasive way.

关键词： ADPLD Hepatic cysts Hepatocystin Inferior vena cava compression Polycystic liver disease Portal hypertension

Gut microbiota in alcoholic liver disease: Pathogenetic role and therapeutic perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第44期20卷 16639-16648页

作者： Giulia Malaguarnera Maria Giordano Giuseppe Nunnari Gaetano Bertino Michele Malaguarnera Department of clinical and Molecular Biomedicine Section of Pharmacology and Biochemistry Research Centre "The Great Senescence" University of Catania Cannizzaro Hospital Infective Diseases Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine Garibaldi Hospital of Nesima Hepatology Unit Department of Medical and Pediatric Science University of Catania

Alcoholic liver disease(ALD) is the commonest cause of cirrhosis in many Western countries and it has a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis is characterized by complex interactions between metabolic intermediates of alcohol. Bacterial intestinal flora is itself responsible for production of endogenous ethanol through the fermentation of carbohydrates. The intestinal metabolism of alcohol produces a high concentration of toxic acetaldehyde that modifies gut permeability and microbiota equilibrium. Furthermore it causes direct hepatocyte damage. In patients who consume alcohol over a long period, there is a modification of gut microbiota and, in particular, an increment of Gram negative bacteria. This causes endotoxemia and hyperactivation of the immune system. Endotoxin is a constituent of Gram negative bacteria cell walls. Two types of receptors, cluster of differentiation 14 and Toll-like receptors-4, present on Kupffer cells, recognize endotoxins. Several studies have demonstrated the importance of gut-liver axis and new treatments have been studied in recent years to reduce progression of ALD modifying gut microbiota. It has focused attention on antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Bacterial translocation Dysbiosis Prebiotics Probiotics Synbiotic Gut microbiota Endotoxin

clinical Observation on Shu Xin Yi Mai Capsules for Prevention of Recurrent Stricture after Coronary Artery Introducing Treatment

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2003年第1期23卷 3-6页

作者：段学忠杨丁友张蕴慧周次清王友京 TCM section General Hospital of PLA Jinan Military RegionJinan 250031Shandong Province The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong TCM University

Shu Xin Yi Mai Capsules (舒心益脉胶囊) combined with western medicine was used in the routine treatment of 22 cases who successfully received coronary artery introducing therapy (Chinese-western medicine group),and the results was compared with the 26 cases treated routinely with simple western medicine in the control group (western medicine group).It was found that both the recurrence rate of angina pectoris and the incidence rate of recurrent stricture in the Chinese-western medicine group were significantly lower than that in the control group (both P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in expression of platelet activating molecules CD62P (a-granular membrane protein),CD63 (lysosome intact membrane protein) and CD41 (glucoprotein IIb) before the treatment,but with a significant difference after the treatment (P<0.05).

关键词： Phytotherapy Adult Aged Angina, Unstable Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous Coronary Antigens, CD Blood Platelets Capsules Coronary Restenosis Drugs, Chinese Herbal Female Follow-Up Studies Humans Male Middle Aged Myocardial Infarction P-Selectin Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIb Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins

Cellular and molecular basis of chronic constipation: Taking the functional/idiopathic label out

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第26期19卷 4099-4105页

作者： Gabrio Bassotti Vincenzo Villanacci Dragos Cretoiu Sanda Maria Cretoiu Gabriel Becheanu Gastroenterology and Hepatology section Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Perugia Second Pathology section Spedali Civili Division of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department of Morphological Sciences "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Department of Molecular Medicine "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology Department of Ultrastructural Pathology "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fundeni Clinical Institute

In recent years, the improvement of technology and the increase in knowledge have shifted several strongly held paradigms. This is particularly true in gastroenterology, and specifically in the field of the so-called "functional" or "idiopathic" disease, where conditions thought for decades to be based mainly on alterations of visceral perception or aberrant psychosomatic mechanisms have, in fact, be reconducted to an organic basis (or, at the very least, have shown one or more demonstrable abnormalities). This is particularly true, for instance, for irritable bowel syndrome, the prototype entity of "functional" gastrointestinal disorders, where low-grade inflammation of both mucosa and myenteric plexus has been repeatedly demonstrated. Thus, researchers have also investigated other functional/idiopathic gastrointestinal disorders, and found that some organic ground is present, such as abnormal neurotransmission and myenteric plexitis in esophageal achalasia and mucosal immune activation and mild eosinophilia in functional dyspepsia. Here we show evidence, based on our own and other authors' work, that chronic constipation has several abnormalities reconductable to alterations in the enteric nervous system, abnormalities mainly characterized by a constant decrease of enteric glial cells and interstitial cells of Cajal (and, sometimes, of enteric neurons). Thus, we feel that (at least some forms of) chronic constipation should no more be considered as a functional/idiopathic gastrointestinal disorder, but instead as a true enteric neuropathic abnormality.

关键词： Constipation Enteric glia Enteric nervous system Enteric neurons Interstitial cells of Cajap Neurogastroenterology