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Realistic Difficulties and Routing Selection of the Reform of Separation of Management and Regulation of Public Institutions

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学术界 2014年第1期 265-269页

作者： Yang Honggang institute of international Relations and Public affairs Fudan University

Separation of management and regulation of public institutions is the important part of the reform of public institutions,and it is also an effective method to further inspire public institutions,forming the new pattern of social power participating in the development of public welfare ***,the reform of separation of management and regulation in China faces many problems and difficulties,for which different regions must promote and deepen the reform in spite of such problems and difficulties on the one hand; on the other hand,they must base the reform on the local situation,choosing different reform routes and modes instead of universal application.

关键词：管理层改革分离监管机构路由选择组成部分事业单位

Climate Change’s Role in Disaster Risk Reduction’s Future:Beyond Vulnerability and Resilience

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international Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2015年第1期6卷 21-27页

作者： Ilan Kelman JC Gaillard Jessica Mercer UCL institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction and UCL institute for Global Health University College London Norwegian institute of international affairs(NUPI School of Environment The University of Auckland Secure Futures

A seminal policy year for development and sustainability occurs in 2015 due to three parallel processes that seek long-term agreements for climate change, the Sustainable Development Goals, and disaster risk *** reason exists to separate them, since all three examine and aim to deal with many similar processes, including vulnerability and resilience. This article uses vulnerability and resilience to explore the intersections and overlaps amongst climate change, disaster risk reduction, and sustainability. Critiquing concepts such as 'return to normal'and 'double exposure'demonstrate how separating climate change from wider contexts is counterproductive. Climate change is one contributor to disaster risk and one creeping environmental change amongst many, and not necessarily the most prominent or fundamental contributor. Yet climate change has become politically important, yielding an opportunity to highlight and tackle the deep-rooted vulnerability processes that cause 'multiple exposure'to multiple threats. To enhance resilience processes that deal with the challenges, a prudent place for climate changewould be as a subset within disaster risk reduction. Climate change adaptation therefore becomes one of many processes within disaster risk reduction. In turn, disaster risk reduction should sit within development and sustainability to avoid isolation from topics wider than disaster risk. Integration of the topics in this way moves beyond expressions of vulnerability and resilience towards a vision of disaster risk reduction’s future that ends tribalism and separation in order to work together to achieve common goals for humanity.

关键词： Adaptation Climate change Disaster risk reduction Mitigation Resilience Vulnerability

Firm Size and Work Compensation in China

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China & World Economy 2014年第1期22卷 67-82页

作者： Johanna Rickne School of international and Public affairs Columbia Universityand Research Institute for Industrial EconomicsIFN

Remarkably, recent research on the Chinese labor market has suggested that the situation in China is inconsistent with the stylized fact that large firms pay higher wages and offer more generous benefits. Expanding the empirical basis from 78 to 300 000 industrial firms, I overturn theprevious result andshow that wage determination in the averagefirmfits the international norm. Exploring subsamples of firms I also point to a likely source for the conflictingfindings： firm size is positively correlatedwith the average wage in private firms, but negatively correlated with the average wage in the state-owned sector. These novel results couM guide future studies aiming to understand the sources of the firm size wage premium, and, in particular, studies that target the largest industrial labor market in the world

关键词： China earnings firm size work compensation

A COMPREHENSIVE MONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF STYRENE ATOM TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2010年第4期28卷 483-497页

作者： Mohammad Najafi Hossein Roghani-Mamaqani Mehdi Salami-Kalajahi Vahid Haddadi-Asl international affairs Research Institute of Petroleum Industry(RIPI)***TehranIran Polymer Engineering Department Amirkabir University of TechnologyP.O.Box 15875-4413TehranIran

An optimized and high-performance Monte Carlo simulation is developed to take thorough account of four different cases of termination in styrene ATRP. According to the simulation results, the bimolecular termination rate constant sharply drops throughout the polymerization when either chain-length dependency of termination rate constant, gel effect, or both together is applied to the simulation. In addition, as expected, the initiator is quickly decomposed at the early stages of the polymerization. The concentration of the catalyst in lower oxidation state decreases at first and then plateaus at higher conversion; furthermore, the steady concentration of Ml^nY/L in the polymerization is the highest when the chain-lengthdependent diffusion-controlled termination rate constant is employed in the simulation. The rates of deactivation and chain end degradation reactions are also smaller in this case. Therefore, the fraction of dormant chains is higher throughout the reaction and consequently the portion of dead polymers decreases. Besides, molecular weight increases linearly with conversion; however, when neither gel effect nor chain-length dependency of termination rate constant is considered, the molecular weight deviates from linearity at the end of the reaction. The peak of chain length distribution shifts toward higher molecular weight too during the reaction. Finally, the molecular weight distribution broadens at higher conversion; however, the chain length distribution of polymers produced under conditions of applying chain-length-dependent diffusion-controlled termination rate constant is narrower.

关键词： Styrene ATRP Monte Carlo simulation Chain length distribution Gel effect Chain-length-dependent termination.

Spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors for GHG emissions of aluminum industry in China

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Frontiers in Energy 2023年第2期17卷 294-305页

作者： Chao TANG Yong GENG Xue RUI Guimei ZHAO School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China China institute for Urban Governance School of International and Public AffairsShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030China SJTU-UNIDO Joint institute of Inclusive and Sustainable Industrial Development School of International and Public AffairsShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030China School of Finance and Economics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China

China’s aluminum(Al)production has released a huge amount of greenhouse gas(GHG)*** one of the biggest country of primary Al production,China must mitigate its overall GHG emission from its Al industry so that the national carbon neutrality target can be *** such a background,the study described in this paper conducts a dynamic material flow analysis to reveal the spatiotemporal evolution features of Al flows in China from 2000 to *** analysis is also performed to uncover the driving factors of GHG emission generated from the Al *** major findings include the fact that China’s primary Al production center has transferred to the western region;the primary Al smelting and carbon anode consumption are the most carbonintensive processes in the Al life cycle;the accumulative GHG emission from electricity accounts for 78.14% of the total GHG emission generated from the Al industry;China’s current Al recycling ratio is low although the corresponding GHG emission can be reduced by 93.73% if all the primary Al can be replaced by secondary Al;and the total GHG emission can be reduced by 88.58% if major primary Al manufacturing firms are transferred from Inner Mongolia to *** upon these findings and considering regional disparity,several policy implications are proposed,including promotion of secondary Al production,support of clean electricity penetration,and relocation of the Al industry.

关键词： aluminum material flow analysis GHG(greenhouse gas)emissions LMDI(logarithmic mean divisa index)

FROM REGIONAL DIALOGUE TO STRONG PARTNERSHIP

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China Report ASEAN 2021年第9期6卷 68-69页

作者： Oh Ei Sun institute of international affairs

This year marks the 30th anniversary of the establishment of a dialogue mechanism between China and the member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN).Thirty years ago,China and ASEAN member states... 详细信息

关键词： anniversary ASEAN dialogue

A global analysis of CO_(2)and non-CO_(2)GHG emissions embodied in trade with Belt and Road Initiative countries

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2020年第1期6卷 18-37,17页

作者： Jing Hou Xu Deng Cecilia Han Springer Fei Teng institute of Energy Environment and EconomyTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Belfer Center for Science and international affairs Harvard Kennedy SchoolCambridgeMAUSA

Introduction:The Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)is an important cooperative framework that increasingly affects the global economy,trade,and emission ***,most existing studies pay insufficient attention to consumption-based emissions,embodied emissions,and non-CO_(2) greenhouse gases(GHGs).This study constructs a GHG emissions database to study the trends and variations in production-based,consumption-based,and embodied emissions associated with BRI ***:We find that the per capita GHG emissions of BRI countries are lower than the global average but show significant variation within this *** also find that trade-embodied emissions between BRI countries and China are *** a group,BRI countries are anet exporter of GHGs,with a global share of net export emissions of about 20%.In 2011,nearly 80%of GHG export emissions from BRI countries flowed to non-BRI countries,and nearly 15%flowed to China;about 57%of GHG import emissions were from non-BRI countries,and about 38%were from ***:Therefore,this study concludes that the BRI should be used to coordinate climate governance to accelerate and strengthen the dissemination and deployment of low-emissions technologies,strategies,and policies within the BRI so as to avoid a carbon-intensive lock-in effect.

关键词： Belt and Road Initiative(BRI) China consumption-based emissions non-CO_(2)greenhouse gas(NCO2) embodied emissions global multi-regional input-output model(MRIO)

Characterization of QTL for unique agronomic traits of new-plant-type rice varieties using introgression lines of IR64

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The Crop Journal 2016年第1期4卷 12-20页

作者： Analiza G.Tagle Daisuke Fujita Leodegario A.Ebron Mary Jeanie Telebanco-Yanoria Kazuhiro Sasaki Tsutomu Ishimaru Yoshimichi Fukuta Nobuya Kobayashi international Rice Research institute Japan international Research Center for Agricultural Sciences

To enhance the yield potential of an elite indica rice cultivar,an introgression(BC_3-derived) line of IR64,YTH288,was developed using a new-plant-type cultivar,IR66215-44-2-3,as a donor ***288 has agronomically valuable characteristics such as large panicles,few unproductive tillers,and large leaves inherited from *** identify the genetic basis of these traits,we used 167 F_2 plants derived from a cross between IR64 and YTH288 to conduct QTL analysis for five agronomic traits:days to heading(DTH),culm length(CL),flag leaf length(FLL),flag leaf width(FLW),and filled spikelet number per panicle(FSN).Six putative QTL were detected:four on chromosome4(for CL,FLL,FLW,and FSN) and two on chromosome 2(for DTH and FLL).All QTL with the IR66215-44-2-3 allele,except that for FLL on chromosome 2,had positive effects on each *** confirm the effects of these putative QTL,we developed NILs with the IR64 genetic background by marker-assisted *** observed significant differences in several agronomic traits between IR64 and NILs that carried these QTL on chromosomes2 and ***,four IR64-NILs carrying chromosomal segments derived from different NPT varieties on the long arm of chromosome 4 exhibited similar pleiotropic To enhance the yield potential of an elite indica rice cultivar, an introgression(BC3-derived) line of IR64, YTH288, was developed using a new-plant-type cultivar,IR66215-44-2-3, as a donor parent. YTH288 has agronomically valuable characteristics such as large panicles, few unproductive tillers, and large leaves inherited from *** identify the genetic basis of these traits, we used 167 F2 plants derived from a cross between IR64 and YTH288 to conduct QTL analysis for five agronomic traits: days to heading(DTH), culm length(CL), flag leaf length(FLL), flag leaf width(FLW), and filled spikelet number per panicle(FSN). Six putative QTL were detected: four on chromosome4(for CL, FLL, FLW, and FSN) and two on chromosome 2(for DTH and FL

关键词： Agronomic traits Quantitative trait loci Near-isogenic lines New-plant-type rice variety Pleiotropic effect

IMPAIRED MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS IN THE UNITED STATES

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中国临床药理学杂志 1990年第1期 3-12页

作者： Yng-Shiuh SHEU Medical and international affairs Office of the Director National institute on Drug Abuse U.S.A Ph.D.

Drug Addiction Historically, drug addiction consists of psychologicaldependence, tolerance, and physical dependence. All three could be demon-strated as concurrent manifestations. It can also be a state of "An over-wh... 详细信息

关键词： IMPAIRED MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS IN THE UNITED STATES than