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Architecture of Graphics System with 3D Acceleration Support for Embedded Operating Systems

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 863-873页

作者： Alexander Giatsintov Kirill Mamrosenko Pavel Bazhenov center of Visualization and Sattelite Information Technologies Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences(SRISA RAS)Moscow 117218Russia

An increasing number of tasks now require the use of hardware accelerators to reduce the time required for computation and display the computational results.This paper presents a new graphics system architecture for operating systems(OSs)with microkernel architecture,including real-time OSs.The proposed system architecture provides capabilities for displaying graphical images on various information display devices and for accelerating graphical operations on GPU.The architecture of the graphics system uses a concept of allocators to manage system and video memory,provides an abstraction of memory operations with a single interface for video memory management,and simplifies memory handling where incorrect operation is the cause of many failures.A comparison between the performance of a real-time OS and Linux OS implementing the graphics system using the example of a glmark2 benchmark is presented,thereby the superiority of the proposed architecture in several scenarios is demonstrated.

关键词： real-time operating system(RTOS) graphics system rendering system architecture operatingsystem visualization system programming

Estimation of monthly global solar radiation over twelve major cities of Libya

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Energy and Built Environment

Energy and Built Environment 2024年第1期5卷 46-57页

作者： Alhassan Ali Teyabeen Najeya B.Elhatmi Akram A.Essnid F.Mohamed Libyan center for Solar Energy Research and Studies TripoliLibya Libyan Authority of scientific Research TripoliLibya

This study aims to estimate monthly averaged daily horizontal global solar radiation.Measured climatological data collected at twelve major cities located across Libya’s map were used to establish 7 different empirical models.The empirical coefficients of the models were calculated using the least square method.The accuracy of the models was evaluated using different statistical criteria such as Taylor diagram,mean absolute percentage error,MAPE,and root mean square error,RMSE.The results indicated that the sunshine duration-based models are more accurate than air temperature-based models,and the best performance was obtained by the quadratic regression model for all twelve Libyan cities.Moreover,this regression model can be used for the prediction of monthly mean horizontal global solar radiation at a specific site across Libya’s regions with minimum error.Furthermore,the results of the global solar irradiance produced by this method can be used for designing solar systems applications.

关键词： Monthly global solar radiation Clearness index Empirical models Performance evaluation Taylor diagram Libya

Comparison of ERA5 turbulent fluxes at the air-sea interface with measurements from a wave-following platform

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第3期 34-38页

作者： Sa?d Benjeddou Denis Bourras Christopher Luneau Aix Marseille Université National Center for Scientific ResearchMediterranean Institute of Oceanography Observatory of the Sciences of the Universe Pythéas Institute National Center for Scientific Research

Turbulent fluxes at the air-sea interface were estimated with data collected in 2011-2020 with a low-profile platform named OCARINA during eight experiments in five regions:2011,2015,and 2016 in the Iroise Sea;2012 in the tropical Atlantic;2014 in the Chilie-Peru upwelling;2017 and 2018 in the Mediterranean Sea,and 2018 and 2020 in Barbados.The observations were carried out with moderate winds(2-10 m s-1) and average wave heights of 1.5 m.In this study,the authors used the fluxes calculated by the bulk method using OCARINA-sampled data as the input.These data can validate the fluxes estimated from ERAS reanalysis data.The OCARINA and ERA5 data were taken concomitantly.To do this,the authors established an algorithm to extract the OCARINA data as closely as possible to the reanalysis data in time and position.The measurements of the OCARINA platform can conclude on the relevance of the widely used reanalysis data.

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The Combined Effects of High Temperatures and Ozone Pollution on Medical Emergency Calls—Jinan City,Shandong Province,China,2013–2019

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China CDC weekly 2024年第2期6卷 30-35,I0001-I0007页

作者： Huiyun Chang Chong Liu Xingyi Geng Xiumiao Peng Ke Huang Liheng Wang Liangliang Cui Department of scientific Research and Education Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and PreventionJinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinan CityShandong ProvinceChina Jinan Health Well Development center Jinan CityShandong ProvinceChina Department of Environmental Health Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and PreventionJinan CityShandong ProvinceChina Department of Emergency Jinan Medical Emergency CenterJinan CityShandong ProvinceChina

What is already known about this topic?Studies have extensively documented the separate and independent effects of extreme temperature and ozone on morbidity and mortality associated with respiratory and circulatory diseases.What is added by this report?The study revealed a significant association between elevated temperature,ozone pollution,and the combined effect of high temperature and ozone pollution with an increased risk of all-cause medical emergency calls(MECs)and MECs specifically related to neurological diseases.What are the implications for public health practice?Interventional measures should be implemented to mitigate exposure to high temperatures and ozone levels.Specifically,during the warm season,it is crucial for relevant authorities to focus on disseminating scientific information regarding the health impacts of elevated temperatures and ozone pollution.Additionally,timely public health advisories should be issued to alert the public effectively.

关键词： ozone elevated pollution

Antibacterial HA-coatings on bioresorbable Mg alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1965-1985页

作者： K.V.Nadaraia D.V.Mashtalyar M.A.Piatkova A.I.Pleshkova I.M.Imshinetskiy M.S.Gerasimenko E.A.Belov V.V.Kumeiko D.N.Kozyrev K.A.Fomenko V.V.Mostovaya B.R.Torpanov A.R.Biktimirov I.S.Osmushko S.L.Sinebryukhov S.V.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry FEB RAS Far Eastern Federal University A.V.Zhirmunsky National scientific center of Marine Biology FEB RAS Regional Clinical Dermatovenerological Dispensary NMIC “Treatment and Rehabilitation center”

In this study, a calcium-phosphate coating was formed on a Mg-Mn-Ce alloy by the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO). The antibiotic vancomycin, widely used in the treatment of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus), was impregnated into the coating.Samples with vancomycin showed high bactericidal activity against S. aureus. The mechanical and electrochemical properties of the formed coatings were studied, as well as in vitro cytotoxicity tests and in vivo tests on mature male rats were performed. According to SEM,EDS, XRD and XPS data, coatings had a developed morphology and contained hydroxyapatite, which indicates high biocompatibility.The analysis of roughness of coatings without and with vancomycin did not reveal any differences, confirming the high roughness of the samples. During electrochemical tests, an increase in corrosion resistance by more than two times after the application of PEO coatings was revealed. According to the results of an in vivo study, after 28 days of the implantation of samples with calcium phosphate PEO coating and vancomycin, no signs of inflammation were observed, while an inflammatory reaction developed in the area of implantation of bare alloy,followed by encapsulation. Antibiotic release tests from the coatings show a sharp decrease in the concentration of the released antibiotic on day 7 and then a gradual decrease until day 28. Throughout the experiment, no significant deviations in the condition and behavior of the animals were observed; clinical tests did not reveal a systemic toxic reaction.

关键词： Bioactive coatings Biocompatibility Mg alloy Plasma electrolytic oxidation Hydroxyapatite Vancomycin

Stability Analysis and Performance Evaluation of Additive Mixed-Precision Runge-Kutta Methods

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 705-738页

作者： Ben Burnett Sigal Gottlieb Zachary J.Grant center for scientific Computing and Data Science Research UMass DartmouthNorth DartmouthMassachusettsUSA CSME Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA

Additive Runge-Kutta methods designed for preserving highly accurate solutions in mixed-precision computation were previously proposed and analyzed.These specially designed methods use reduced precision for the implicit computations and full precision for the explicit computations.In this work,we analyze the stability properties of these methods and their sensitivity to the low-precision rounding errors,and demonstrate their performance in terms of accuracy and efficiency.We develop codes in FORTRAN and Julia to solve nonlinear systems of ODEs and PDEs using the mixed-precision additive Runge-Kutta(MP-ARK)methods.The convergence,accuracy,and runtime of these methods are explored.We show that for a given level of accuracy,suitably chosen MP-ARK methods may provide significant reductions in runtime.

关键词： Mixed precision Runge-Kutta methods Additive methods Accuracy

On-Chip Sub-Picometer Continuous Wavelength Fiber-Bragg-Grating Interrogator

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Photonic Sensors 2024年第1期14卷 73-84页

作者： Yuan ZHUANG Jun ZOU Jiqiang ZHANG Lu ZHANG Jiahe ZHANG Leixin MENG Qing YANG Research center for Humanoid Sensing Zhejiang LabHangzhou 311121China ZJU-Hangzhou Global scientific and Technological Innovation center Hangzhou 310014China State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Miniaturized fiber-Bragg-grating(FBG)interrogators are of interest for applications in the areas where weight and size controlling is important,e.g.,airplanes and aerospace or in-situ monitoring.An ultra-compact high-precision on-chip interrogator is proposed based on a tailored arrayed waveguide grating(AWG)on a silicon-on-insulator(SOI)platform.The on-chip interrogator enables continuous wavelength interrogation from 1544 nm to 1568 nm with the wavelength accuracy of less than 1 pm[the root-mean-square error(RMSE)is 0.73 pm]over the whole wavelength range.The chip loss is less than 5 dB.The 1×16 AWG is optimized to achieve a large bandwidth and a low noise level at each channel,and the FBG reflection peaks can be detected by multiple output channels of the AWG.The fabricated AWG is utilized to interrogate FBG sensors through the center of gravity(CoG)algorithm.The validation of an on-chip FBG interrogator that works with sub-picometer wavelength accuracy in a broad wavelength range shows large potential for applications in miniaturized fiber optic sensing systems.

关键词： Fiber optic sensing on-chip interrogator arrayed waveguide grating center of gravity

Combining reinforcement learning with mathematical programming:An approach for optimal design of heat exchanger networks

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第5期69卷 63-71页

作者： Hui Tan Xiaodong Hong Zuwei Liao Jingyuan Sun Yao Yang Jingdai Wang Yongrong Yang State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China ZJU-Hangzhou Global scientific and Technological Innovation center Hangzhou 311215China

Heat integration is important for energy-saving in the process industry.It is linked to the persistently challenging task of optimal design of heat exchanger networks(HEN).Due to the inherent highly nonconvex nonlinear and combinatorial nature of the HEN problem,it is not easy to find solutions of high quality for large-scale problems.The reinforcement learning(RL)method,which learns strategies through ongoing exploration and exploitation,reveals advantages in such area.However,due to the complexity of the HEN design problem,the RL method for HEN should be dedicated and designed.A hybrid strategy combining RL with mathematical programming is proposed to take better advantage of both methods.An insightful state representation of the HEN structure as well as a customized reward function is introduced.A Q-learning algorithm is applied to update the HEN structure using theε-greedy strategy.Better results are obtained from three literature cases of different scales.

关键词： Heat exchanger network Reinforcement learning Mathematical programming Process design

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Three-dimensional nanoscale vortex line visualization and chiral nanostructure fabrication of tightly focused multi-vortex beams via direct laser writing

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 70-77页

作者： MENGDI LUO JISEN WEN PENGCHENG MA QIUYUAN SUN XIANMENG XIA GANGYAO ZHAN ZHENYAO YANG LIANG XU DAZHAO ZHU CUIFANG KUANG XU LIU Research center for Intelligent Chips and Devices Zhejiang LabHangzhou 311100China State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China ZJU-Hangzhou Global scientific and Technological Innovation center Hangzhou 311200China

Optical singularity is pivotal in nature and has attracted wide interest from many disciplines nowadays,including optical communication,quantum optics,and biomedical imaging.Visualizing vortex lines formed by phase singularities and fabricating chiral nanostructures using the evolution of vortex lines are of great significance.In this paper,we introduce a promising method based on two-photon polymerization direct laser writing(2PP-DLW)to record the morphology of vortex lines generated by tightly focused multi-vortex beams(MVBs)at the nanoscale.Due to Gouy phase,the singularities of the MVBs rotate around the optical axis and move towards each other when approaching the focal plane.The propagation dynamics of vortex lines are recorded by 2PP-DLW,which explicitly exhibits the evolution of the phase singularities.Additionally,the MVBs are employed to fabricate stable three-dimensional chiral nanostructures due to the spiral-forward property of the vortex line.Because of the obvious chiral features of the manufactured nanostructures,a strong vortical dichroism is observed when excited by the light carrying orbital angular momentum.A number of applications can be envisioned with these chiral nanostructures,such as optical sensing,chiral separation,and information storage.

关键词： vortex chiral singularity

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