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Influence of edaphic factors on distribution and condition of Himalayan silver birch(Betula utilis ***)communities in the northwestern Indian Himalayas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 590-606页

作者： Khashti DASILA Renu RAWAL Tanay BARMAN Sher Singh SAMANT Anita PANDEY Veena PANDE G.B.Pant National institute of Himalayan Environment Almora 263643India Centre of Excellence on Sustainable Land management Indian Council of Forestry Research and EducationDehradun 248006India Uttarakhand State Council for Science&Technology Dehradun 248015India Department of biotechnology Graphic Era(Deemed to be University)Dehradun 248002India Department of biotechnology Kumaun UniversityNainital 263136India

The basic concept of phytosociology is crucial for the assessment of species composition and dynamic ecological succession of forests supporting ecological services,functions,disturbance,and resilience that lead to the development of integrated areas such as ecological niche modeling and contribute to identifying the valuable bio-indicators which can be used in framing conservation and management *** is one of the most dominant tree species of treeline ecotone in the Himalayan *** species is also considered as indicator species for monitoring the past and recent climate change *** current study was carried out in the natural populations of *** from the sub-alpine zone of North-western Indian *** birch dominated forest harbors a total of 305 plant species comprising Angiosperms(51 families,160 genera and 277 species),Gymnosperms(03 families,05 genera and 07 species)and Pteridophytes(07 families,11 genera and 21 species)with Asteraceae,Ranunculaceae and Rosaceae as dominant *** forests are found dominant in shady moist habitat and North West *** characteristics,anthropogenic and developmental activities affect the population structure of *** and associated ***,the species has fair regeneration status in the study *** acidic nature of soil pH and spatial variation in edaphic characteristics may be due to geographical differences,rooting patterns and litter accumulation of below and above-ground *** estimation of a representative population of *** from each site showed that TAGBD,TCD and TBD were found maximum in ST3(Hamta Pass II site).The CCA analysis determined that environmental variables such as altitude,organic matter,available phosphorous,organic carbon,available nitrogen,and electrical conductivity played a significant role in determining tree species composition and distribution in *** dominated forests.

关键词： Species composition Indicator species Biomass North-western Indian Himalaya Regeneration Environmental variables

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Clinical efficacy and identification of factors confer resistance to afatinib(tyrosine kinase inhibitor)in EGFR-overexpressing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 3130-3140页

作者： Yanni Wang Chang Liu Huan Chen Xi Jiao Yujiao Wang Yanshuo Cao Jian Li Xiaotian Zhang Yu Sun Na Zhuo Fengxiao Dong Mengting Gao Fengyuan Wang Liyuan Dong Jifang Gong Tianqi Sun Wei Zhu Henghui Zhang Lin Shen Zhihao Lu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational research(Ministry of Education/Beijing) Department of Gastrointestinal OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina Genecast biotechnology Co. LtdWuxiPR China State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative management of Gastrointestinal Cancers Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational ResearchDepartment of Gastrointestinal OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational research(Ministry of Education) Department of PathologyPeking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina Precision scientific(Beijing)Co. Ltd.BeijingChina Generulor Company Bio-X Lab ZhuhaiGuangdongChina Biomedical Innovation Center Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is reportedly overexpressed in most esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)patients,but anti-EGFR treatments offer limited survival *** preclinical data showed the promising antitumor activity of afatinib in EGFR-overexpressing *** proof-of-concept,phase II trial assessed the efficacy and safety of afatinib in pretreated metastatic ESCC patients(n=41)with EGFR overexpression(NCT03940976).The study met its primary endpoint,with a confirmed objective response rate(ORR)of 39%in 38 efficacy-evaluable patients and a median overall survival of 7.8 months,with a manageable toxicity *** analysis of pretreatment tumors revealed that neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2(NTRK2)was negatively associated with afatinib sensitivity and might serve as a predictive biomarker,irrespective of EGFR ***,knocking down or inhibiting NTRK2 sensitized ESCC cells to afatinib *** study provides novel findings on the molecular factors underlying afatinib resistance and indicates that afatinib has the potential to become an important treatment for metastatic ESCC patients.

关键词： esophageal squamous expressing

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Cloud-Model-Based Feature Engineering to Analyze the Energy-Water Nexus of a Full-Scale Wastewater Treatment Plant

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 63-75页

作者： Shan-Shan Yang Xin-Lei Yu Chen-Hao Cui Jie Ding Lei He Wei Dai Han-Jun Sun Shun-Wen Bai Yu Tao Ji-Wei Pang Nan-Qi Ren State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150000China Key Laboratory of Environmental biotechnology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China China Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Group Beijing 100089China

Wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)are important and energy-intensive municipal *** energy consumption and relatively low operating performance are major challenges from the perspective of carbon ***,water-energy nexus analysis and models for WWTPs have rarely been reported to *** this study,a cloud-model-based energy consumption analysis(CMECA)of a WWTP was conducted to explore the relationship between influent and energy consumption by clustering its influent’s *** principal component analysis(PCA)and K-means clustering were applied to classify the influent condition using water quality and volume *** energy consumption of the WWTP is divided into five standard evaluation levels,and its cloud digital characteristics(CDCs)were extracted according to bilateral constraints and golden ratio *** results showed that the energy consumption distribution gradually dispersed and deviated from the Gaussian distribution with decreased water concentration and *** days with high energy efficiency were extracted via the clustering method from the influent category of excessive energy consumption,represented by a compact-type energy consumption distribution curve to identify the influent conditions that affect the steady distribution of energy *** local WWTP has high energy consumption with 0.3613 kW·h·m^(-3)despite low influent concentration and volumes,across four consumption levels from low(I)to relatively high(IV),showing an unsatisfactory operation and management *** average oxygenation capacity,internal reflux ratio,and external reflux ratio during high energy efficiency days recognized by further clustering were obtained(0.2924-0.3703 kg O_(2)·m^(-3),1.9576-2.4787,and 0.6603-0.8361,respectively),which could be used as a guide for the days with low energy ***,this study offers a water-energy nexus analysis method to identify influent conditions with operational manageme

关键词： Wastewater treatment plants Cloud-model theory Data mining Principal component analysis K-means clustering Cloud-model-based energy consumption analysis

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Advancements and Challenges in Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Detection:A Comprehensive Review

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Proceedings of Anticancer research 2024年第5期8卷 64-75页

作者： Yasir Hameed Department of biotechnology Institute of BiochemistryBiotechnologyand BioinformaticsThe Islamia University of BahawalpurPakistan

This study provides an overview of the current landscape of biomarkers for colorectal cancer(CRC)detection,focusing on genetic,proteomic,circulating microRNA(miRNA),and metabolomic *** remains a significant global health challenge,ranking among the most prevalent cancers worldwide and being a leading cause of cancer-related *** advancements in screening methods such as colonoscopy,sigmoidoscopy,and fecal occult blood tests(FOBT),the asymptomatic nature of early-stage CRC often results in late diagnoses,negatively impacting patient *** biomarkers like APC,KRAS,TP53,and microsatellite instability(MSI)play critical roles in CRC pathogenesis and *** biomarkers,detectable through polymerase chain reaction,next-generation sequencing,and other advanced techniques,guide early detection and personalized treatment *** biomarkers such as CEA,CA 19-9,and novel signatures offer insights into CRC’s physiological changes and disease status,aiding prognosis and treatment response assessments through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and mass *** miRNAs,including miR-21 and miR-92a,present promising non-invasive biomarkers that can be detected in blood and stool samples,reflecting CRC presence,progression,and therapeutic *** biomarkers,encompassing amino acids,lipids,and TCA cycle intermediates,provide further insights into CRC-associated metabolic alterations,which are crucial for early detection and treatment monitoring using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic *** these advancements,challenges such as biomarker validation,standardization,and clinical utility *** research directions include integrating multi-omics approaches and leveraging technologies like liquid biopsies and AI for enhanced biomarker discovery and clinical *** addressing these challenges and advancing research in biomarker development,CRC screening and management could pote

关键词： Colorectal cancer Biomarker Diagnosis Detection

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XRL-SHAP-Cache:an explainable reinforcement learning approach for intelligent edge service caching in content delivery networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 46-71页

作者： Xiaolong XU Fan WU Muhammad BILAL Xiaoyu XIA Wanchun DOU Lina YAO Weiyi ZHONG School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Computing and Communications Lancaster University School of Computing Technologies Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University School of Computer Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Data 61 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization School of Computer Science Qufu Normal University

Content delivery networks(CDNs) play a pivotal role in the modern internet infrastructure by enabling efficient content delivery across diverse geographical regions. As an essential component of CDNs, the edge caching scheme directly influences the user experience by determining the caching and eviction of content on edge servers. With the emergence of 5G technology, traditional caching schemes have faced challenges in adapting to increasingly complex and dynamic network environments. Consequently, deep reinforcement learning(DRL) offers a promising solution for intelligent zero-touch network governance. However, the blackbox nature of DRL models poses challenges in understanding and making trusting decisions. In this paper,we propose an explainable reinforcement learning(XRL)-based intelligent edge service caching approach,namely XRL-SHAP-Cache, which combines DRL with an explainable artificial intelligence(XAI) technique for cache management in CDNs. Instead of focusing solely on achieving performance gains, this study introduces a novel paradigm for providing interpretable caching strategies, thereby establishing a foundation for future transparent and trustworthy edge caching solutions. Specifically, a multi-level cache scheduling framework for CDNs was formulated theoretically, with the D3QN-based caching scheme serving as the targeted interpretable model. Subsequently, by integrating Deep-SHAP into our framework, the contribution of each state input feature to the agent's Q-value output was calculated, thereby providing valuable insights into the decision-making process. The proposed XRL-SHAP-Cache approach was evaluated through extensive experiments to demonstrate the behavior of the scheduling agent in the face of different environmental *** results demonstrate its strong explainability under various real-life scenarios while maintaining superior performance compared to traditional caching schemes in terms of cache hit ratio, quality of service(QoS),a

关键词： deep reinforcement learning (DRL) explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) multi-level cache content delivery network (CDN) D3QN algorithm Deep-SHAP

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Advances in environmental DNA monitoring:standardization,automation,and emerging technologies in aquatic ecosystems

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1368-1384页

作者： Suxiang Lu Honghui Zeng Fan Xiong Meng Yao Shunping He State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Life Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesSanyaChina Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina

Environmental DNA(eDNA)monitoring,a rapidly advancing technique for assessing biodiversity and ecosystem health,offers a noninvasive approach for detecting and quantifying species from various environmental *** this review,a comprehensive overview of current eDNA collection and detection technologies is provided,emphasizing the necessity for standardization and automation in aquatic ecological ***,the intricacies of water bodies,from streams to the deep sea,and the associated challenges they pose for eDNA capture and analysis are *** paper delineates three primary eDNA survey methods,namely,bringing back water,bringing back filters,and bringing back data,each with specific advantages and constraints in terms of labor,transport,and data ***,innovations in eDNA sampling equipment,including autonomous drones,subsurface samplers,and in-situ filtration devices,and their applications in monitoring diverse taxa are ***,recent advancements in species-specific detection and eDNA metabarcoding are addressed,highlighting the integration of novel techniques such as CRISPR-Cas and nanopore sequencing that enable precise and rapid detection of *** implications of environmental RNA and epigenetic modifications are considered for future applications in providing nuanced ecological ***,the review stresses the critical role of standardization and automation in enhancing data consistency and comparability for robust long-term *** propose that the amalgamation of these technologies represents a paradigm shift in ecological monitoring,aligning with the urgent call for biodiversity conservation and sustainable management of aquatic ecosystems.

关键词： eDNA methodology sampler environment biomonitoring ecogenomic sensors ocean observation instrument

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Impact of numerous larval diets on the biology of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)under laboratory conditions

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Journal of Cotton research 2024年第1期7卷 69-78页

作者： AKHTAR Shamim ARIF Muhammad Jalal GOGI Muhammad Dildar HAQ Imran-ul Department of Entomology University of Agriculture FaisalabadPunjabPakistan Ayub Agricultural research institute(Entomological research institute) FaisalabadPunjabPakistan Department of Plant Pathology University of AgricultureFaisalabadPunjabPakistan

Background Pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)has become a poten-tial pest of cotton by causing substantial yield losses around the world including *** in view the facts like limited research investigations,unavailability,and high cost of artificial diet’s constituents and their premixes,the present research investigations on the dietary aspect of *** were *** larvae of *** were reared on different diets that were prepared using indigenous *** standard/laboratory diet com-prised of wheat germ meal 34.5 g,casein 30.0 g,agar–agar 20.0 g,sucrose 10.0 g,brewer’s yeast 5.0 g,α-cellulose 1.0 g,potassium-sorbate1.5 g,niplagin 0.5 g,decavitamin 0.01 g,choline-chloride 0.06 g,maize-oil 3.30 g,honey 2.0 g,and water 730.0 *** to cotton bolls and wheat germ meal were okra seed sprouts,okra fruit,cottonseed meal,and okra seed meals,which were included in the study to introduce an efficient and economic mass-rearing *** The larval development completed in 19.68d±0.05 d with a weight of 20.18mg±0.20 mg at the fourth instar fed on the cottonseed meal-based diet instead of wheat germ meal based *** the same diet,84.00%±4.00%,17.24 mg±0.03 mg,and 7.76d±0.06 d were recorded as pupae formation,pupal weight,and pupal duration,*** emergence,76.00%±1.00%was recorded from pupae collected from larvae raised on cottonseed meal-based *** male and female moths lived for 40.25d±0.10 d,and 44.34d±0.11 d,*** deposited 21.28±0.04 eggs per day with the viability of 65.78%±0.14%.The larval mortal-ity at the fourth instar was 37.20%±1.36%and malformed pupation of 12.00%±1.41%was *** of wheat germ meal with that of local meals(cottonseed and okra seed)in the standard laboratory diet has saved 463.80 to 467.10 PKR with 1.62 to 1.63 cost economic returns,*** This research is of novel nature as it provides a concis

关键词： Artificial diets Cottonseed meal Laboratory rearing Pectinophora gossypiella Wheat germ meal

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Advances in Zika virus vaccines and therapeutics:A systematic review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第3期17卷 97-109页

作者： Shiza Malik Khalid Muhammad Omar Ahsan Muhammad Tahir Khan Ranjit Sah Yasir Waheed Bridging Health Foundation Rawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Biology College of SciencesUAE University15551Al AinUnited Arab Emirates Department of Medicine Foundation University Medical CollegeFoundation University IslamabadIslamabad 44000Pakistan INTI International University Persiaran Perdana BBN Putra Nilai71800 NilaiNegeri SembilanMalaysia institute of Molecular Biology and biotechnology the University of LahoreKM Defence RoadLahore 58810Pakistan Zhongjing research and Industrialization institute of Chinese Medicine Zhongguancun Scientific ParkNanyang 473006China Department of Microbiology Tribhuvan University Teaching HospitalInstitute of MedicineKathmandu 44600Nepal Department of Microbiology Dr.D.Y.Patil Medical CollegeHospital and Research CentreDr.D.Y.Patil VidyapeethPune 411018MaharashtraIndia Department of Public Health Dentistry Dr.D.Y.Patil Dental College and HospitalDr.D.Y.Patil VidyapeethPune 411018MaharashtraIndia Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine Lebanese American UniversityByblos 1401Lebanon

Zika virus(ZIKV)is the causative agent of a viral infection that causes neurological complications in newborns and adults *** wide transmission route and alarming spread rates are of great concern to the scientific *** trials have been conducted to develop treatment options for ZIKV *** review highlights the latest developments in the fields of vaccinology and pharmaceuticals developments for ZIKV infection.A systematic and comprehensive approach was used to gather relevant and up-to-date data so that inferences could be made about the gaps in therapeutic *** results indicate that several therapeutic interventions are being tested against ZIKV infection,such as DNA vaccines,subunit vaccines,live-attenuated vaccines,virus-vector-based vaccines,inactivated vaccines,virus-like particles,and mRNA-based *** addition,approved anti-ZIKV drugs that can reduce the global burden are *** many vaccine candidates for ZIKV are at different stages of development,none of them have received Food and Drug Authority approval for use up to *** issue of side effects associated with these drugs in vulnerable newborns and pregnant women is a major obstacle in the therapeutic pathway.

关键词： Zika virus Infection Therapeutics Antiviral agents Vaccines Therapies Treatment Novel therapeutic Clinical management

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Establishment of genome-editing system and assembly of a near-complete genome in broomcorn millet

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第8期66卷 1688-1702页

作者： Yang Liu Zixiang Cheng Weiyao Chen Chuanyin Wu Jinfeng Chen Yi Sui State Key Laboratory of Integrated management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoologythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The ancient crop broomcorn millet(Panicum miliaceum L.)is an indispensable orphan crop in semi-arid regions due to its short life cycle and excellent abiotic stress *** advantages make it an important alternative crop to increase food security and achieve the goal of zero hunger,particularly in light of the uncertainty of global climate ***,functional genomic and biotechnological research in broomcorn millet has been hampered due to a lack of genetic tools such as transformation and genome-editing ***,we successfully performed genome editing of broomcorn *** identified an elite variety,Hongmi,that produces embryogenic callus and has high shoot regeneration ability in in vitro *** established an Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation protocol and a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/Cas9-mediated genome-editing system for *** these techniques,we produced herbicide-resistant transgenic plants and edited phytoene desaturase(Pm PDS),which is involved in chlorophyll *** facilitate the rapid adoption of Hongmi as a model line for broomcorn millet research,we assembled a near-complete genome sequence of Hongmi and comprehensively annotated its ***,our results open the door to improving broomcorn millet using biotechnology.

关键词： broomcorn millet CRISPR/Cas9 editing genome assembly herbicide resistance transformation system

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Population genetic insights into the conservation of common walnut(Juglans regia)in Central Asia

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Plant Diversity 2024年第5期46卷 600-610页

作者： Linjiang Ye Robabeh Shahi Shavvon Hailing Qi Hongyu Wu Pengzhen Fan Mohammad Nasir Shalizi Safiullah Khurram Mamadzhanov Davletbek Yerlan Turuspekov Jie Liu CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Biodiversity of Jiangxi Province Jingdezhen UniversityJingdezhen 333400JiangxiChina Germplasm Bank of Wild Species&Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceYasouj UniversityYasouj 75918-74934Iran University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695United States Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Faculty of AgricultureKabul UniversityKabul D-1006Afghanistan National Academy of Science of the Kyrgyz Republic Jalal-Abad Scientific CenterJalal-Abad 715600Kyrgyzstan Laboratory of Molecular Genetics Institute of Plant Biology and BiotechnologyAlmaty 050040Kazakhstan

The common walnut(Juglans regia)is one of the most economically important nut trees cultivated *** its importance,no comprehensive evaluation of walnut tree population genetics has been undertaken across the range where it originated,Central *** this study,we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of 1082 individuals from 46 populations across Central *** found moderate genetic diversity of *** across Central Asia,with 46 populations clustered into three groups with a weak relationship between genetic and geographic *** findings reveal that the western Himalaya might be the core region of common walnut genetic diversity in Central Asia and that,except for two populations in Gongliu Wild Walnut Valley,humans might have introduced walnut populations to Xinjiang,*** observed distribution of the genetic landscape has probably been affected by historical climate fluctuation,breeding system,and prolonged anthropogenic *** propose the conservation of the core genetic diversity resources in the western Himalaya and pay special attention to populations from Gongliu in *** findings enhance our understanding of the genetic variation throughout the distribution range of *** in Central Asia,which will provide a key prerequisite for evidence-based conservation and management.

关键词： Central Asia Genetic diversity Germplasm management Gongliu wild walnut valley Juglans regia Western Himalaya

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