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Characterization and assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions from typical industries

Science Bulletin 2013年第7期58卷 724-730页

作者： WANG HaiLin NIE Lie LI Jing WANG YuFei WANG Gang WANG JunHui HAO ZhengPing Department of environmental Nano-materials Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Air Pollution Prevention and Control Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection

VOCs play an increasingly important role in affecting air quality and threatening human health in China in recent years,where industry activities show a significant contribution to VOCs *** this article we report our long term study of industrial VOCs emissions of six major industries (vehicle manufacturing,printing,equipment coating,electronic manufacturing,furniture manufacturing and bio-pharming) on the aspects of emission characteristics,environmental impact and health risk assessment,and control challenge analysis with the purpose to obtain in-depth understanding of industry VOCs emissions and offer some original basements for national control and management of industry VOCs *** study shows that all these industries give middle or low emission with total VOCs concentration less than 1000 mg/m3 at each exhaust ***,esters,alcohols,ketones,alkanes,chloroalkanes and alkenes were detected as the major emission components and the most frequently monitored VOCs were benzenes,which varied obviously with different processes and *** environmental impact assessments indicate that vehicle manufacturing and benzenes should be prior controlled with the purpose to reduce air ***,health risk assessments suggest that furniture manufacturing and chloroalkanes should be firstly *** analysis indicates that developing technologies with low cost and high efficiency and establishing and completing specific industry emission standards/regulations are the two key issues in VOCs emission management at present stage.

关键词： VOCs typical industries emission characteristics assessment control analysis

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Interaction effect of micro-and macro-organic on the biogeochemical function of the sediment and aquatic interface

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2006年第3期18卷 468-474页

作者： XIAO Xiang LIAO Ling ZHANG Xin-hua Guangzhou Environment protection Bureau Guangzhou 510032 China Guangzhou research Institute of environmental protection Guangzhou 510620 China South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China

Constructed stormwater infiltration basins have been broad applied in urban areas in terms of stormwater disposal and compensation of reduced groundwater recharge. However, stormwater derived from sediments accumulating in infiltration beds may act as a source of dissolved contaminants for groundwater. Concentrations of DO, NO3-N, NO2^--N, NH4^＋-N and PO4^3--P were monitored at multiple depth with time. The results showed that the occurrence of denitrificarion was restrained by sediments in term of no invertebrates. Under the conditions of invertebrates inoculated, the concentrations of DO, NO^3--N, NO2^＋-N, NH4^＋-N and PO4^3＋-P varied respectively with time and the occurrence of nitrification and mobilizing nitrate in the sediment. It is concluded that there exist the invertebrate activities such as building tubes and galleries and excreting faecal pellet which may increase water dispersion and enhance accessibility of nutrient, and stimulate microbial process effected in the sediment. Besides, the natural death and rot of worms were also found to be important factors of the invertebrate activities.

关键词： infiltration basins urban stormwater polluted sediments invertebrates effects

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Arsenic removal from contaminated soil via biovolatilization by genetically engineered bacteria under laboratory conditions

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2011年第9期23卷 1544-1550页

作者： Shuang Liu Fan Zhang Jian Chen Guoxin Sun State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Institute of Plant and environmental protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science Beijing 100089 China

In Rhodopseudomonas palustris,an arsM gene,encoding bacterial and archaeal homologues of the mammalian Cyt19 As（III） S-adenosylmethionine methytransferase,was regulated by *** expression of arsM was introduced into strains for the methylation of *** arsM was expressed in Sphingomonas desiccabilis and Bacillus idriensis,it had 10 folds increase of methyled arsenic gas compared to wild type in aqueous *** soil system,about 2.2%–4.5% of arsenic was removed by biovolatilization during 30 *** study demonstrated that arsenic could be removed through volatilization from the contaminated soil by bacteria which have arsM gene *** results showed that it is possible to use microorganisms expressing arsM as an inexpensive,efficient strategy for arsenic bioremediation from contaminated water and soil.

关键词： genetic engineering bacteria volatile arsenic biovolatilization bioremediation

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Corrosion Behavior of 5A05 Aluminum Alloy in NaCl Solution

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2013年第5期26卷 581-587页

作者： Bin WANG Lunwu ZHANG Yan SU Yong XIAO Jie LIU Southwest Technology and Engineering research Institute Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Environmental Corrosion and Protection

The corrosion behavior of 5A05 aluminum alloy in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was investigated by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, Fourier transform-infrared（FT-IR） spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS） test, and the corrosion mechanism was also discussed. The results showed that the corrosion rates of the 5A05 alloy were low and decreased with the increase in immersion time. Under the conditions of exposure studied, this alloy sufered from pitting corrosion that took place from or around the intermetallic particles existing in the alloy. The number and size of the hemispherical corrosion pits on the sample surfaces increased with the increase of the test time. The dark-grey layer of corrosion products formed on 5A05 aluminum alloy in 3.5% NaCl solution contained many microcracks. Furthermore, XPS and FT-IR analysis proved that the corrosion products were mainly composed of Al2 O3, Al（OH）3 and AlCl3.

关键词： Aluminum alloy Pitting corrosion Intermetallics Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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A New and Sensitive Catalytic Resonance Scattering Spectral Assay for the Detection of Laccase Activity Using H2O2-1-TDMAC System

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第4期29卷 787-792页

作者：梁爱惠王鹏飞蒋治良 Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and environmental protection Ministry of Education School of Environment and Resource Guangxi Normal University Guilin Guangxi 541004 China

In pH 3.8 acetic acid-sodium acetate （HAC-NaAC） buffer solution, laccase exhibited a strong catalytic effect on the H2O2 oxidation of I- to form I2, and I2 combined with excess I- to form I3- that reacted with cationic surfactants of tetradecyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride （TDMAC） to produce the （TDMAC-I3）n association complex particles, which exhibited a strong resonance scattering （RS） peak at 468 nm. Under the chosen conditions, as the concentration of laccase activity increased, the RS intensity at 468 nm （1468 nm） increased linearly. The increased RS intensity A1468 nm was linear to laccase activity in the range of 0.08-0.96 U/mL, with a regression equation of △1468 nm =88.8 U-1.9, and a detection limit of 0.02 U/mL laccase. This proposed method was applied to detect laccase activity in waste water, with satisfactory results.

关键词： laccase tetradecyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride (TDMAC) association complex particle cata lytic resonance scattering assay

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Impacts of meteorology and emission variations on the heavy air pollution episode in North China around the 2020 Spring Festival

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第2期64卷 329-339页

作者： Wenbo XUE Xurong SHI Gang YAN Jinnan WANG Yanling XU Qian TANG Yanli WANG Yixuan ZHENG Yu LEI Center of Air Modeling and Systems Analysis Chinese Academy for Environmental PlanningBeijing 100012China State environmental protection Key Laboratory of environmental Planning and Policy Simulation Chinese Academy for Environmental PlanningBeijing 100012China

Based on the Weather research and Forecasting model and the Models-3 community multi-scale air quality model(WRF-CMAQ),this study analyzes the impacts of meteorological conditions and changes in air pollutant emissions on the heavy air pollution episode occurred over North China around the 2020 Spring Festival(January to Februray 2020).Regional reductions in air pollutant emissions required to eliminate the PM2.5 heavy pollution episode are also *** results found that meteorological conditions for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding"2+26"cities are the worst during the heavy pollution episode around the 2020 Spring Festival as compared with two other typical heavy pollution episodes that occurred after ***,because of the substantial reductions in air pollutant emissions in the"2+26"cities in recent years,and the32%extra reduction in emissions during January to February 2020 compared with the baseline emission levels of the autumn and winter of 2019 to 2020,the maximum PM2.5 level during this heavy pollution episode around the 2020 Spring Festival was much lower than that in the other two typical ***,these emission reductions are still not enough to eliminate regional heavy pollution *** with the actual emission levels during January to February 2020,a 20%extra reduction in air pollutant emissions in the"2+26"cities(or a 45%extra reduction compared with baseline emission levels of the autumn and winter of 2019 to 2020)could help to generally eliminate regionwide severe pollution episodes,and avoid heavy pollution episodes that last three or more consecutive days in Beijing;a 40%extra reduction in emissions(or a 60%extra reduction compared with baseline emission levels of the autumn and winter of 2019 to 2020)could help to generally eliminate regionwide and continuous heavy pollution *** analysis finds that during the clean period after the heavy pollution episode around the 2020 Spring Festival,the regionwide

关键词： "2+26"cities 2020 Spring Festival Heavy air pollution episode WRF-CMAQ model

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Modeling soil conservation, water conservation and their tradeoffs: A case study in Beijing

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2012年第3期24卷 419-426页

作者： Yang Bai Zhiyun Ouyang Hua Zheng Xiaoma Li Changwei Zhuang Bo Jiang State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Institute of Applied Ecology Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China Nanjing Institute of environmental Sciences Ministry of Environmental ProtectionNanjing 210042China

Natural ecosystems provide society with important goods and services. With the rapid increase in human populations and excessive utilization of natural resources, humans frequently enhance the production of some services at the expense of the others. Although the need for tradeoffs between conservation and development is urgent, the lack of efficient methods to assess such tradeoffs has impeded progress. Three land use strategy scenarios （development scenario, plan trend scenario and conservation scenario） were created to forecast potential changes in ecosystem services from 2007 to 2050 in Beijing, China. GIS-based techniques were used to map spatial and temporal distribution and changes in ecosystem services for each scenario. The provision of ecosystem services differed spatially, with significant changes being associated with different scenarios. Scenario analysis of water yield （as average annual yield） and soil retention （as retention rate per unit area） for the period 2007 to 2050 indicated that the highest values for these parameters were predicted for the forest habitat under all three scenarios. Annual yield/retention of forest, shrub, and grassland ranked the highest in the conservation scenario. Total water yield and soil retention increased in the conservation scenario and declined dramatically in the other two scenarios, especially the development scenario. The conservation scenario was the optimal land use strategy, resulting in the highest soil retention and water yield. Our study suggests that the evaluation and visualization of ecosystem services can effectively assist in understanding the tradeoffs between conservation and development. Results of this study have implications for planning and monitoring future management of natural capital and ecosystem services, which can be integrated into land use decision-making.

关键词： ecosystem services tradeoffs scenario management

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Quantifying the Preferential Flow by Dye Tracer in the North China Plain

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Journal of Earth Science 2015年第3期26卷 435-444页

作者： Qinghua Wu Chunlei Liu Wenjing Lin Meng Zhang Guiling Wang Fawang Zhang Changjiang River scientific research Institute Institute of Hydrogeology and environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Institute of Karst Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

The preferential flow plays a vital role on the infiltration of irrigation or rainfall. The objective of this study was to quantify preferential flow in the processing of irrigation infiltration in the field scale. Tests of different initial soil water contents and irrigation intensities were conducted using Brilliant Blue FCF（C.I.42090） dye tracer in Luancheng County of the North China Plain. The results showed that the percentages of infiltration by the preferential flow for irrigation depth of 25, 50, and 75 mm were 16.67%, 43.67%, and 34.17%, with 19.72%, 61.42%, 66.64% of dyed areas in the soil profile, respectively, which indicated that preferential flow was enhanced with increasing irrigation intensity, but reduced when the irrigation intensity was over 50 mm. The percentages of preferential flow for 75 and 180 mm previous irrigation producing different initial soil water contents were 23.26% and 18.97%, with 53.23% and 39.94% of dyed areas in the soil profile, respectively. Compared with the 75 mm without previous irrigation, the results indicated that higher initial soil water contents restrained the preferential flow in the field. Therefore, intermittent irrigation and low irrigation intensity patterns, and larger depth of plowing would be suggested to reduce the preferential flow which would increase the soil water utilization efficiency and reduce pollution risk of pesticide and fertilizer to groundwater.

关键词： Brilliant Blue FCF preferential flow infiltration North China Plain

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Assessing the premature death due to ambient particulate matter in China＇s urban areas from 2004 to 2013

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第5期10卷 119-128页

作者： Guoxia MA Jinnan WANG Fang YU Xiaomin GUO Yanshen ZHANG Chao LI Chinese academy for environmental Planning Beijing 100012 China Ministry of environmental protection of the People's Republic of China Beijing 100035 China

The environmental Burden of Disease （EBD） approach for outdoor air pollution has been used to calculate premature deaths and average potential years of life lost attributable to air pollution in China over the past 10 years with differences between the North and the South of the country being *** results indicate that：（1） Between 2004 and 2013, annual premature deaths attributable to outdoor air pollution in China ranged from 350000 to 520000. In 2013, deaths resulting from air pollution in China represented 9.9% of the country＇s total deaths. （2） In 2004, the average life expectancy of the Chinese population and the number of potential years of life lost （PYLL） attributable to air pollutionwas 69.6 and 1.85 years respectively as compared to 74.4 and 0.67 years respectively in 2013. （3） The number of the PYLL attributable to air pollution in the northern regions of China is found to be larger than that of the southern regions. The PYLL figures of the northern and southern regions in 2004 were 2.3 and 1.8 years, respectively, with a difference of 0.5 years, as compared to 1.4 and 0.7 years respectively with a difference of 0.7 years in 2013.

关键词： Air pollution Public health Premature deaths Health assessment

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Decomposition of hexachlorobenzene over Al_2O_3 supported metal oxidecatalysts

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2008年第12期20卷 1523-1526页

作者： ZHANG Lifei ZHENG Minghui ZHANG Bing LIU Wenbin GAO Lirong BA Te REN Zhiyuan SU Guijin State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Sino-Japan Friendship Center for environmental protection Beijing 100029 China

Decomposition of hexachlorobenzene(HCB)was investigated over several metal oxides(i.e.,MgO,CaO,BaO,La2O3,CeO2,MnO2, Fe2O3,and Co3O4)supported on Al2O3,which was achieved in closed system at a temperature of 300°*** were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation with different metal oxides loading and impregnating *** decomposition effciency of different catalysts for this reaction depends on the nature of the metal oxide used,and Al2O3 supported La2O3 was found to be the most active ***...

关键词： dechlorination hexachlorobenzene(HCB) alumina metal oxides

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