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Electrochemical conversion of methane to bridge the gap in the artificial carbon cycle

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 286-308页

作者： Yuhao Peng Yuefeng Song Ihar Razanau Juanxiu Xiao Wei Xiao Di Hu Guoxiong Wang College of Chemistry and Molecular sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources Wuhan University State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Physical-Chemical Technologies SSPA Scientific and Practical Materials Research Centre of NAS of Belarus State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology School of Marine Science and Engineering Hainan University Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo China

Methane, an abundant one-carbon（C1） resource, is extensively used in the industrial production of vital fuels and value-added chemicals. However, current industrial methane conversion technologies are energy-and carbon-intensive, mainly due to the high activation energy required to break the inert C–H bond, low selectivity, and problematic side reactions, including CO2emissions and coke deposition. Electrochemical conversion of methane（ECM） using intermittent renewable energy offers an attractive solution, due to its modular reactor design and operational flexibility across a broad spectrum of temperatures and pressures. This review emphasizes conversion pathways of methane in various reaction systems, highlighting the significance and advantages of ECM in facilitating a sustainable artificial carbon cycle. This work provides a comprehensive overview of conventional methane activation mechanisms and delineates the complete pathways of methane conversion in electrolysis contexts. Based on surface/interface chemistry, this work systematically analyzes proposed reaction pathways and corresponding strategies to enhance ECM efficiency towards various target products, including syngas, hydrocarbons, oxygenates, and advanced carbon materials. The discussion also encompasses opportunities and challenges for the ECM process, including insights into ECM pathways, rational electrocatalyst design, establishment of benchmarking protocols, electrolyte engineering, enhancement of CH4conversion rates, and minimization of CO2emission.

关键词： Activation energy

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Invariant Einstein metrics on generalized Wallach spaces

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Science China Mathematics 2019年第3期62卷 569-584页

作者： Zhiqi Chen Yurii Gennadievich Nikonorov School of Mathematical sciences and LPMC Nankai University Southern Mathematical Institute of Vladikavkaz scientific centre of the russian academy of sciences

Invariant Einstein metrics on generalized Wallach spaces have been classified except SO(k + l+ m)/SO(k) × SO(l) × SO(m). In this paper, we first give a survey on the study of invariant Einstein metrics on generalized Wallach spaces, and prove that there are infinitely many spaces of the type SO(k + l + m)/SO(k)× SO(l) × SO(m) admitting exactly two, three, or four invariant Einstein metrics up to a homothety.

关键词： compact homogeneous space generalized Wallach space symmetric space homogeneous Riemannian metric Einstein metric Ricci flow

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Petrogenesis of siliceous high-Mg series:Evidence from Early Paleoproterozoic mafic volcanic rocks of the Vodlozero Domain,Fennoscandian Shield

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第1期9卷 207-221页

作者： M.Bogina V.Zlobin S.Svetov E.Sharkov A.Chistyakov Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits Petrography Mineralogy and Geochemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Geological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Geology Karelian Scientific Center Russian Academy of Sciences

Compositional peculiarities of the siliceous high-Mg series(SHMS)rocks formed at the Archean-Paleoproterozoic boundary as a function of plume activity are discussed using example of Early Paleoproterozoic mafic volcanic rocks of the Vodlozero Domain,Fennoscandian *** rocks are characterized by wide variations in Mg#(33-67)and Cr contents(25-1123 ppm),LREE enrichment,and weakly negative_(εNd)(from-0.7 to-2.9).The high Gd/Yb ratio in the primitive high-Mg rocks of the Vodlozero Domain suggests their generation from a garnet-bearing *** the same time,their negative _(εNd)in combination with LREE enrichment points to the crustal contamination.A new model was proposed to explain the remarkable global-scale similarity of *** rocks can be generated by the contamination of a high-degree(30%)partial melt derived from a depleted *** lower crustal sanukitoid-type rocks can be considered as a universal crustal *** showed that such mixing can provide the observed narrow_(εNd)variations in Early Paleoproterozoic *** Neoarchean sanukitoid suites,which are widespread on all cratons,presumably composed the lower crust at the beginning of the ***,this mechanism can be considered universal for the genesis of the SHMS *** high-to low-Cr rock series can be produced by the fractionation of the mafic melt coupled with an insignificant crustal assimilation of felsic end members of the sanukitoid suite of the Vodlozero Domain en route to the surface,as suggested by the positive correlation of_(εNd)with Cr and Mg#,negative correlation with Th,and slight decrease of_(εNd)in the more evolved varieties.

关键词： Early Palaeoproterozoic Siliceous high-magnesian series (SHMS) rocks Sanukitoids Mantle plume Depleted mantle Crustal contamination

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Supercritical CO_2: Properties and Technological Applications-A Review

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Journal of Thermal Science 2019年第3期28卷 394-430页

作者： NIKOLAI Polikhronidi RABIYAT Batyrova ASLAN Aliev ILMUTDIN Abdulagatov Thermodynamics of Fluids and Critical Phenomena Institute of Physics of the Dagestan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Mountain Botanical Garden of the Dagestan scientific Center of the russian academy of sciences Thermophysics Division Geothermal Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Physical Chemistry Department Dagestan State University

The main goal of the present paper is to assess the available information so as to obtain a general procedure for dealing with the critical enhancement of the thermodynamic and transport properties of supercritical CO_2 and CO_2 containing binary mixtures for practical and scientific applications. The present review provides comprehensive analysis of the thermodynamic and transport properties of supercritical carbon dioxide and CO_2 containing binary mixtures(experiment and theory) and their various technological and scientific applications in different natural and industrial processes. The available information for the thermodynamic and transport properties(experiment and theory) enhancement(anomaly) of supercritical carbon dioxide and SC CO_2 + solute mixtures is comprehensively reviewed. The effect of long-range order parameter fluctuations on the thermodynamic and transport properties of supercritical fluids(SC CO_2) will be discussed. Simplified scaling type equation based on mode-coupling theory of critical dynamics with two critical amplitudes and one cutoff wave number as fluid-specific parameters was used to accurately predict of the transport properties of supercritical carbon dioxide. The recommended values of the specific parameters(asymptotic critical amplitudes) of the carbon dioxide for practical(prediction of the thermodynamic and transport properties of the supercritical CO_2 for technological applications) and scientific use were provided. The role of the critical line shapes of the carbon dioxide containing binary mixture(SC CO_2+solvent) in determination of the critical behavior of the mixture near the critical point of pure supercritical solvent(CO_2) is discussed. Krichevskii parameter concept for a description of thermodynamic behavior of dilute near-critical SC CO_2+solute mixtures is also discussed. The structural and thermodynamic properties of the carbon dioxide containing binary mixtures near the critical point of pure solvent(CO_2) are d

关键词： carbon dioxide critical point equation of state supercritical fluid thermodynamic properties transport properties

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Ectomycorrhiza of Larix sibirica Ledeb. along the gradients of main ecological factors and elevation at the Northern and Subpolar Urals

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第12期15卷 2603-2613页

作者： SIZONENKO Tatyana Alexandrovna DUBROVSKIY Yuriy Alexandrovich Institute of Biology of Komi scientific centre of the Ural Branch of the russian academy of sciences Russia SyktyvkarKommunistieheskaya str28Syktyvkar167000Russian Federation

Siberian larch(Larix sibirica Ledeb.) forests cover the largest areas in the Eurasian boreal zone, but there are insufficient data on its root system including the structure and functional traits of ectomycorrhizas(EM). The aim of this research is to find out if the morphological parameters of Larix sibirica EMs responded to the changes in elevation and main ecological factors(soil humidity, soil richness, soil acidity and habitat illumination). Using light microscopy, we studied EM diameter, root diameter, mantle width, and mantle volume share, share of tannin cells layers, EM density and EM length of Larix sibirica in two main types of plant communities along the elevation gradient at the Northern and Subpolar Urals. Differences in the environment were traced using phytoindication approach and the Ellenberg ecological scales. All the studied traits depend on the elevation and studied ecological factors. The diversity of fungal mantles is low, and the proportion of unstructured and pseudoparenchymatous mantles is high in response to the deterioration of the humidity, soil nitrogen content and acidity at higher-altitude habitats. Results of EM quantitative parameters measurements confirmed this pattern. We found a decline in the EM linear dimensions accompanied by a compensatory growth of the EM density with the raised elevation and the deterioration of environmental conditions.

关键词： Ectomycorrhiza Larix sibirica Anatomy Fungal mantles diversity Elevation Urals

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Calcium-permeable AMPA receptors:an underestimated pharmacological target for the therapy of brain pathologies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2669-2670页

作者： Sergei G.Gaidin Artem M.Kosenkov Federal Research Center“Pushchino scientific Center for Biological Research of the russian academy of sciences” Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of SciencesPushchinoRussia

Excitotoxicity resulting from the accumulation of extracellular glutamate(the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain)is one of the main causes of neuronal death in various brain pathologies,including traumatic brain injury,epilepsy,stroke,and a number of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases.

关键词： epilepsy diseases Alzheimer

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Identification of genes involved in the formation of soluble dietary fiber in winter rye grain and their expression in cultivars with different viscosities of wholemeal water extract

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The Crop Journal 2022年第2期10卷 532-549页

作者： Liudmila V.Kozlova Alsu R.Nazipova Oleg V.Gorshkov Liliya F.Gilmullina Olga V.Sautkina Natalia V.Petrova Oksana I.Trofimova Sergey N.Ponomarev Mira L Ponomareva Tatyana A.Gorshkova Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Federal Research CenterKazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences420111 KazanRussia Tatar scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Federal Research CenterKazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences420059 KazanRussia

The grain of rye(Secale cereale L.) used for baking contains a large amount of non-starch polysaccharides,making it an excellent component of functional foods. But rye grain intended for alcohol production and forage use should have a reduced content of these polysaccharides. A comprehensive parameter that can predict the best field of application for winter rye grain is the viscosity of its wholemeal water ***, our understanding of the genetic background underlying this key trait and associated features of rye grain is poor. By analyzing six russian winter rye cultivars, we identified the most contrasting forms and characterized the peculiarities of their water-soluble carbohydrates capable of influencing the viscosity of water extracts. Then, using phylogenetic and transcriptomic analyses, we identified in the rye genome many genes encoding putative glycosyltransferases and glycosylhydrolases responsible for the synthesis and degradation of arabinoxylans, mixed-linkage glucans, cellulose, and some other polysaccharides. We determined the dynamics of m RNA abundance for these genes at three stages of kernel development. Comparisons of gene expression levels in two contrasting cultivars revealed specific members of multigene families that may serve as promising targets for manipulating non-starch polysaccharide content in rye grain. High-viscosity cultivars were characterized by up-regulation of many glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of arabinoxylans and other cell-wall polysaccharides,whereas low-viscosity cultivars showed up-regulation of several genes encoding polysaccharidedegrading enzymes.

关键词： Rye(Secale cereale) Kernel development Arabinoxylan Mixed-linkage glucan Viscosity

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Distribution of algae and cyanobacteria of biological soil crusts along the elevation gradient in mountain plant communities at the Northern Urals(russian European Northeast)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第3期19卷 637-646页

作者： IV NOVAKOVSKAYA EN PATOVA YA DUBROVSKIY AB NOVAKOVSKIY EE KULYUGINA Institute of Biology Komi Scientific CentreUral BranchRussian Academy of SciencesKommunisticheskaya st.28SyktyvkarKomi Republic167982Russia

This paper describes the biodiversity of cyanobacteria and microalgae of biological soil crusts(BSC)on bare substrates in different mountain vegetation types at the Northern *** total,we identified 99 algal species from six divisions in all sampled *** species diversity and structure of BSC algal communities show a relationship with environmental factors(altitude,soil p H and humidity,and illumination).Taxonomic diversity of algae decreases along the altitude gradient from mountain meadow to mountain *** and cyanobacteria species from six divisions were identified in meadow communities,five in mountain forests and four in mountain *** observed a positive correlation between species diversity of phototrophic microorganisms and altitude in the forest communities,but a negative correlation in the *** dominant complex of cyanobacterial and algal species in BSC was specific for each type of plant community and was reflective of the habitat *** species diversity and morphological organization of the BSC algae thalli can be used as a criterion for the ongoing assessment of climatic changes in high latitudes and mountain regions.

关键词： Biological soil crusts Cyanobacteria and microalgae Altitude gradient Northern Urals

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Neurolin expression in the optic nerve and immunoreactivity of Pax6-positive niches in the brain of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) after unilateral eye injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第1期14卷 156-171页

作者： Evgeniya V.Pushchina Anatoly A.Varaksin National scientific Center of Marine Biology Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences A.A.Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

In contrast to astrocytes in mammals, fish astrocytes promote axon regeneration after brain injury and actively participate in the regeneration process. Neurolin, a regeneration-associated, Zn8-1abeled protein, is involved in the repair of damaged optic nerve in goldfish. At 1 week after unilateral eye injury, the ex- pression of neurolin in the optic nerve and chiasm, and the expression of Pax6 that influences nervous system development in various brain regions in the rainbow trout （Oncorhynchus mykiss） were detected. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the number of Zn8~ cells in the optic nerve head and intraor- bital segment was obviously increased, and the increase in Zn8~ cells was also observed in the proximal and distal parts of injured optic nerve. This suggests that Zn8＊ astrocytes participate in optic nerve regeneration. ELISA results revealed that Pax6 protein increased obviously at 1 week post-injury. Immunohistochemi- cal staining revealed the appearance of Pax6＋ neurogenic niches and a larger number of neural precursor cells, which are mainly from Pax6＋ radial glia cells, in the nuclei of the diencephalon and optic tectum of rainbow trout （Oncorhynchus mykiss）. Taken together, unilateral eye injury can cause optic nerve reaction, and the formation of neurogenic niches is likely a compensation phenomenon during the repair process of optic nerve injury in rainbow trout （Oncorhynchus mykiss）.

关键词： optic nerve injury neurolin Zn8 Pax6 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) radial ilia cells microenvironment neural regeneration

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Acoustics of a viscoelastic medium with encapsulated bubbles

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2021年第1期33卷 55-62页

作者： Damir A.Gubaidullin Yuri V.Fedorov Laboratory of Continuum Mechanics Institute of Mechanics and EngineeringFRC Kazan Scientific CenterRussian Academy of SciencesKazanRussia

In this paper,a modified Rayleigh-Lamb equation is derived that takes into account the radial vibrations of a gas bubble coated with a viscoelastic shell and located in an elastic *** small oscillations of inclusion,the problem of heat exchange between a gas,a liquid phase,a viscoelastic shell,and an elastic medium is *** energy integral is *** the case of small disturbances,the dispersion relation is found from the Rayleigh-Lamb equations,energy,and the known wave equation for the bubbly *** analytical expression of the equilibrium speed of sound is written out and its dependence on the size of the viscoelastic shell and the disturbance frequency is *** example of a mixture of polydimethylsiloxane with air bubbles coated with a rubber shell illustrates the influence of the elasticity of the carrier medium and the shell of the bubbles on the dependence of the phase velocity and attenuation coefficient on the perturbation *** a mixture of water with air bubbles coated with a rubber shell,the influence of the dependences of the shear modulus and viscosity of butyl rubber on the frequency of disturbances at different temperature on the dispersion curves is shown.A comparison of the theory with experimental data is given.

关键词： Acoustic wave gas bubbles viscoelastic medium and shell shear modulus dispersion equation

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