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Context-dependent effects of cold stress on behavioral, physiological,and life-history traits of the red flour beetle

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Insect Science 2019年第1期26卷 142-153页

作者： Inon Scharf Keren-Or Wertheimer Joy Lira Xin Tomer Gilad Inna Goldenberg Aziz Subach school of zoology Faculty of Life Sciences &Steinhardt Museum of Natural HistoryTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael

Animals are exposed in nature to a variety ofstressors.While stress is generally harmful,mild stress can also be beneficial and contribute to reproduction and survival.We studied the effect of five cold shock events versus a single cold shock and a control group, representing three levels of stress (harsh,mild,and no stress),on behavioral,physiological, and life-history traits of the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum,Herbst 1797).Beetles exposed to harsh cold stress were less active than a control group:they moved less and failed more frequently to detect a food patch.Their probability to mate was also lower. Beetle pairs exposed to harsh cold stress frequently failed to reproduce at all,and if reproducing,females laid fewer eggs,which were,as larvae in mid-development,smaller than those in the control group.However,harsh cold stress led to improved female starvation tolerance,probably due to enhanced lipid accumulation.Harsh cold shock also improved tolerance to an additional cold shock compared to the control.Finally,a single cold shock event negatively affected fewer measured response variables than the harsh cold stress, but also enhanced neither starvation tolerance nor tolerance to an additional cold shock. The consequences of a harsher cold stress are thus not solely detrimental but might even enhance survival under stressful conditions.Under benign conditions,nevertheless,harsh stress impedes beetle performance.The harsh stress probably shifted the balance point of the survival-reproduction trade-off,a shift that did not take place following exposure to mild stress.

关键词： chill-coma recovery time cross-tolerance latency to mate maternal effects thermal ecology Tribolium castaneum

Metabolic cost of flight and aerobic efficiency in the rose chafer,Protaetia cuprea(Cetoniinae)

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Insect Science 2022年第5期29卷 1361-1372页

作者： Tomer Urca Eran Levin Gal Ribak school of zoology Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael steinhardt museum of natural history Israel National Center for Biodiversity StudiesTel AvivIsrael

Rose chafer beetles(Protetia cuprea)are pollinators as well as agricultural pests,flying between flowers and trees while foraging for pollen and fruits.Calculating the energy they expend on flying during foraging activity faces the challenge of measuring the metabolic rate(MR)of free-flying insects in an open space.We overcame this challenge by using the bolus injection of ^(13)C Na-bicarbonate technique to measure their metabolic energy expenditure while flying in a large flight arena.Concurrently,we tracked the insects with high-speed cameras to extract their flight trajectory,from which we calculated the mechanical power invested in flying for each flight bout.We found that the chemical(metabolic)energy input converted to mechanical flight energy output at a mean efficiency of 10.4%±5.2%,with a trend of increased efficiency in larger conspecifics(efficiency scaled with body mass to the power of 1.4).The transition in the summer from a diet of pollen to that of fruits may affect the energy budget available for foraging.Starved P.cuprea,feeding on apples ad libitum,increased their body mass by an average of 6%in 2 h.According to our calculations,such a meal can power a 630-m flight(assuming a carbohydrate assimilation efficiency of 90%).Pollen,with a low water and carbohydrate content but rich in proteins and lipids,has a higher caloric content and should assimilate differently when converting food to flight fuel.The high cost of aerial locomotion is inherent to the foraging behavior of rose chafers,explaining their short flight bouts followed by prolonged feeding activity.

关键词： aerobic eficieney bolus injection of^(13)C-Na-bicarbonate feeding capacity flight metabolic rate flower chafer bele free flight mechanical power

Intraspecific scaling and early life history determine the cost of free-flight in a large beetle(Batocera rufomaculata)

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 524-532页

作者： Tomer Urcai Eran Levin Eran Gefen Gal Ribak Faculty of Life Sciences School of ZoologyTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael steinhardt museum of natural history Israel National Center for Biodiversity StudiesTel AvivIsrael Department of Biology University of Haifa-OranimKiryat TivonIsrael

The scaling of the energetic cost of locomotion with body mass is well documented at the interspecific level.However,methodological restrictions limit our understanding of the scaling of flight metabolic rate(MR)in free-flying insects.This is particularly true at the intraspecific level,where variation in body mass and flight energetics may have direct consequences for the fitness of an individual.We applied a 13C stable isotope method to investigate the scaling of MR with body mass during free-flight in the beetle Batocera rufomaculata.This species exhibits large intraspecific variation in adult body mass as a consequence of the environmental conditions during larval growth.We show that the flight-MR scales with body mass to the power of 0.57,with smaller conspecifics possessing up to 2.3 fold higher mass-specific flight MR than larger ones.Whereas the scaling exponent of free-flight MR was found to be like that determined for tethered-flight,the energy expenditure during free-flight was more than 2.7 fold higher than for tethered-flight.The metabolic cost of flight should therefore be studied under free-flight conditions,a requirement now enabled by the 13C technique described herein for insect flight.

关键词： allometry body mass Coleoptera free-flight insect flight stable carbon isotope tethered-flight

Little effect of climate change on body size of herbivorous beetles

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Insect Science 2018年第2期25卷 309-316页

作者： Baar, Yuval Friedman, Ariel Leib Leonid Meiri, Shai Scharf, Inon Department of zoology Faculty of Life Sciences & Steinhardt Museum of Natural History and National Research Center Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel

Ongoing climate change affects various aspects of an animal＇s life, with impor- tant effects on distribution range and phenology. The relationship between global warming and body size changes in mammals and birds has been widely studied, with most find- ings indicating a decline in body size over time. Nevertheless, little data exist on similar size change patterns of invertebrates in general and insects in particular, and it is unclear whether insects should decrease in size or not with climate warming. We measured over 4000 beetle specimens, belonging to 29 beetle species in 8 families, collected in Israel during the last 100 years. The sampled species are all herbivorous. We examined whether beetle body size had changed over the years, while also investigating the relationships between body size and annual temperature, precipitation, net primary productivity （NPP） at the collection site and collection month. None of the environmental variables, including the collection year, was correlated with the size of most of the studied beetle species, while there were strong interactions of all variables with species. Our results, though mostly neg- ative, suggest that the effect of climate change on insect body size is species-specific and by no means a general macro-ecological rule. They also suggest that the intrapopulation variance in body size of insects collected as adults in the field is large enough to conceal intersite environmental effects on body size, such as the effect of temperature and NPE

关键词： Coleoptera museum collections rain temperature-size rule thermal ecol-ogy

school,museum and University:A New Synergy in Science Education

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 118-119页

作者： Bruno Filipe C.B.Silva Ribeiro A.Neves J.Cascalho R.Barata T.Antunes F.Serralheiro Department of Mineralogy and Geology National Natural History Museum Department of Botany National Natural History Museum Department of zoology and Anthropology National Natural History Museum

In the last couple of years the museum developed a project financed by the National Agency for Culture and Technology in partnership with four schools from Lisbon.The guidelines of this project were the climate change and its influence on human lives in our society and on other living beings."Changing climate, changing lives",our project,evolved 8 months work of about 150 high school grade students,in which

关键词： climate change school university museum science education

Tube-nosed variations–a new species of the genus Murina(Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from China

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Zoological Research 2020年第1期41卷 70-77页

作者： Wen-Hua Yu Gabor Csorba Yi Wu Key Laboratory of Conservation and Application in Biodiversity of South China School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of zoology Hungarian Natural History MuseumBudapest H-1088Hungary

DEAR EDITOR,During a survey in 2014,several tube-nosed bats(Vespertilionidae:Murininae:Murina)were collected in Sichuan Province.Based on morphological characters,these bats did not match any species previously recorded from China.Morphometric analyses and phylogenetic inference based on mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences indicated that they represented a new species,named here as Murina jinchui sp.nov.Although the new species is presently known only from Wolong National Nature Reserve,it is unlikely to be a rare species in the area based on our capture frequencies.

关键词： sp.nov. Province. rare

Review of the genus Camptochaeta Hippa & Vilkamaa(Diptera:Sciaridae) from China

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Zoological Systematics 2015年第3期40卷 315-327页

作者： Jun Xu Pekka Vilkamaa Kai Shi Jun-Hao Huang Hong Wu Department of Forestry Protection School of Forestry and BiotechnologyZhejiang A & F University Finnish museum of natural history Zoology Unit

The genus Camptochaeta from China is reviewed and seven species are recognized. C tumidula Xu ＆ Vilkamaa, sp. nov. is newly described and three species, C bournei （Shaw, 1941）, C consimilis （Holmgren, 1869） and C subcamptochaeta （Mohrig, 1992） are reported for the first time from China. A key and a distribution map of the Chinese species of Camptochaeta are provided.

关键词： Diptera Sciaridae new species new record China.

西藏地区豌豆彩潜蝇的发生为害及其寄生蜂种类调查

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植物保护 2022年第2期48卷 232-236,246页

作者：程鑫斐潘立婷杜素洁钟裕俊贺静 YEFREMOVA Zoya 郭建洋刘万学中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室北京100193 steinhardt museum of natural history Department of ZoologyTel Aviv UniversityRamat Aviv69978Israel

豌豆彩潜蝇Chromatomyia horticola是我国重要的潜叶蝇类蔬菜害虫,寄生蜂是其重要的天敌。2018年7月,豌豆彩潜蝇首次在西藏地区被发现。为探明西藏地区豌豆彩潜蝇的发生情况及其天敌寄生蜂种类,于2018年-2019年对西藏拉萨、林芝、山南... 详细信息

豌豆彩潜蝇Chromatomyia horticola是我国重要的潜叶蝇类蔬菜害虫,寄生蜂是其重要的天敌。2018年7月,豌豆彩潜蝇首次在西藏地区被发现。为探明西藏地区豌豆彩潜蝇的发生情况及其天敌寄生蜂种类,于2018年-2019年对西藏拉萨、林芝、山南、日喀则4个地区进行了调查采样。结果表明,豌豆彩潜蝇在西藏地区发生程度中等,为害等级达Ⅲ级。调查到被其为害的寄主植物为5科7属7种,主要嗜好菊科和豆科植物。豌豆彩潜蝇的寄生蜂种类包括3科8属12种,其中优势种为豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂Diglyphus isaea、双斑潜蝇姬小蜂Diglyphus bimaculatus和西伯利亚离颚茧蜂Dacnusa sibirica,分别占总羽化寄生蜂个体数的35.71%、28.18%和21.01%,豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂主要来自寄主植物豌豆,双斑潜蝇姬小蜂和西伯利亚离颚茧蜂的发生期最长,7月-9月均有发生。同期,我们在西藏调查发现了入侵种南美斑潜蝇Liriomyza huidobrensis,为此,本文还讨论了西藏地区豌豆彩潜蝇和南美斑潜蝇的寄生蜂种类组成差异和寄生蜂的控害特性及控害效应,以期为制定生态调控和绿色防控策略提供指导。

关键词：豌豆彩潜蝇寄生蜂生物防治西藏

Age and sex differences in niche use at molt and its effect on plumage coloration characteristics in a bird

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Current zoology 2019年第3期65卷 251-260页

作者： Emilio PAGANI-NUNEZ Craig R.A.BARNETT Juan Carlos SENAR State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Department of Ecology/School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China Department of zoology Graduate School of Science University of Kyoto Kitashirakawaoiwake-cho Sakio-ku Kyoto Japan natural history museum of Barcelona Barcelona Spain

Bird plumage is often very colorful and can communicate the quality of the bearer to conspecifics. These plumage-based signals of quality are composed of multiple pigments (e.g., melanin and carote no ids). Therefore, sex and age classes, which often show marked differe nces in plumage coloration, may have different dietary needs for the different plumage components and this might promote pref ere nces for differe nt dietary niches at different molting stages. However, no study has addressed the role that changes in niche use play in the expression of multiple component plumage signals in birds. We used stable isotope analysis to test the hypothesis that niche use is related to age and sex and to differently cultured plumage patches, yellow carotenoid-based and black melanin-based, in great tits Parus major. We recorded high niche overlap between plumage patches, although δ15N was higher in black than yellow plumage. Niche overlap was relatively low for age classes and relatively high for sex classes, and age classes showed a contrasting pattern of niche overlap between carotenoid- and melanin-based plumages. Moreover,δ13C, but not δ15N, had a significant negative relationship with carotenoid-based plumage, which was only apparent in juveniles. Take n together, our results demonstrate that n iche use had a moderate in fluence on plumage coloration characteristics of great tit individuals, mostly associated with δ13C rather than with δ15N and with age rather than with sex. Therefore, our study is significant because it confirms the releva nee of n iche use duri ng orn ame nt production in free-livi ng birds.

关键词： carotenoids great tits melanin multiple ornaments niche overlap stable isotopes