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Hepatoprotective effect of Holothuria leucospilota methanolic extract on dimethyl nitrosamine-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

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Animal Models and Experimental medicine 2024年第4期7卷 544-552页

作者： Fatemeh Dejan Amineh Daneshi Javad Rajabi Aslani Nasrollah Ahmadi Narges Eskandari Roozbahani Elaham Rahmanian Reza Behmanesh Hamid Reza Gheisari Department of Basic Sciences School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran Department of Education Farzanegan High SchoolTehranKohgiluyeh and Boyer AhmadIran Food Hygiene Department School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran Department of Pathology School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran Clinical Research Development Center Imam Reza HospitalKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran Molecular Dermatology Research Center Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Department of Anatomy School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Faculty of veterinary medicine Garmsar BranchDepartment of RadiologyIslamic Azad UniversityGarmsarIran

Background:Complementary medicine is an interesting field for extracting bio-active compounds from various plant and animal *** hepatoprotective effect of the methanolic extract of a species of sea cucumber called Holothuria leu-cospilota in an animal model of liver cancer caused by dimethyl nitrosamine(DMN)was ***:Wistar female rats were randomly divided into five groups(n=12):control(intact),positive control(received 1%DMN[10 mg/kg/week,intraperitoneally]for 12 weeks),and three treatment groups(received 50,100,and 200 mg/kg/day ***-cospilota extract orally for 12 weeks along with intraperitoneal administration of 1%DMN[10 mg/kg/week]).In all groups,ultrasound was performed on the liver every week to check its *** sampling and liver isolation were performed on three occasions,at 4,8,and 12 weeks,to check liver enzymes and the histopathological condition of the liver tissue(every week,four animals from each group were randomly selected).Results:Liver density changes were evident from the eighth week onward in the positive control *** results indicated pathologic changes in the positive control group after 4 *** increase in liver enzymes in the posi-tive control group was significantly different from that in the treatment and control ***:We demonstrated the hepatoprotective effect of *** on DMN-induced liver damage in rats using biochemical and histological parameters and *** additional research(in silico or in vitro)is needed to find the exact mechanism and the main biological compound in ***.

关键词： dimethyl nitrosamine hepatotoxicity Holothuria leucospilota sea cucumber

A compartment and metapopulation model of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in southwestern United States and northern Mexico

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 713-727页

作者： Laura Backus Patrick Foley Janet Foley school of veterinary medicine Department of Medicine and EpidemiologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA Department of Biological Sciences California State UniversitySacramentoCAUSA

Rocky Mountain spotted fever(RMSF)is a fatal tick-borne zoonotic disease that has emerged as an epidemic in western North America since the turn of the 21st *** the US south-western border and across northern Mexico,the brown dog tick,Rhipicephalus sanguineus,is responsible for spreading the disease between dogs and *** widespread nature of the disease and the ongoing epidemics contrast with historically sporadic patterns of the *** dogs are amplifying hosts for the Rickettsia rickettsii bacteria,transmission dynamics between dogs and ticks are critical for understanding the *** this paper,we developed a compartment metapopulation model and used it to explore the dynamics and drivers of RMSF in dogs and brown dog ticks in a theoretical region in western North *** discovered that there is an extended lag—as much as two years—between introduction of the pathogen to a naïve population and epidemic-level transmission,suggesting that infected ticks could disseminate extensively before disease is detected.A single large city-size population of dogs was sufficient to maintain the disease over a decade and serve as a source for disease in surrounding smaller *** model is a novel tool that can be used to identify high risk areas and key intervention points for epidemic RMSF spread by brown dog ticks.

关键词： Compartment model Rocky mountain spotted fever SIR model Metapopulation Zoonosis

Symptomatic bradycardia in tuberculosis-related giant bullae(vanishing lung syndrome):A case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2024年第9期17卷 425-428页

作者： Reynard Laysandro Jessie Julian Mila Meha Resley Ongga Mulia Mikha Nazamta Yusfiatuzzahra school of medicine and Health Science Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia JakartaIndonesia Faculty of medicine and veterinary medicine University of Nusa Cendana East Nusa TenggaraIndonesia Faculty of medicine Trisakti University JakartaIndonesia

Rationale:Vanishing lung syndrome is rare and can be associated with a history of smoking and marijuana *** occurrence of giant bullae can also be linked to infections,particularly tuberculosis in tropical *** concerns:A 26-year-old male complained of weakness,severe vomiting,and reduced breathlessness when lying on the left *** had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis two years ***:Symptomatic bradycardia in tuberculosis-related giant ***:The patient was recommended to undergo an elective bullectomy,but he decided not to proceed with the *** sulfate was administered to alleviate symptoms of bradycardia,while a standardized anti-tuberculosis regimen were started for the next six ***:Following 7 days of intensive care treatment involving antituberculosis medications and atropine sulfate,the patient achieved hemodynamic stability,opting against bullectomy despite residual symptoms of *** six months of antituberculosis therapy notably alleviated symptoms without requiring ***:Increasing intrathoracic pressure can also be caused mechanically by giant *** symptoms in vanishing lung syndrome are reversible and can be alleviated once the underlying cause is *** this case,symptomatic bradycardia was reduced only with tuberculosis treatment without bullectomy intervention。

关键词： Bradycardia Infected giant bullae Tuberculosis Vanishing lung syndrome

Effect of age on the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and canola meal in broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 11-22页

作者： Mukti Barua M.Reza Abdollahi Faegheh Zaefarian Timothy J.Wester Channarayapatna K.Girish Peter V.Chrystal Velmurugu Ravindran Monogastric Research Center School of Agriculture and Environment Massey University Department of Animal Science and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Nutrition and Care Animal NutritionEvonik (SEA) Pte. Ltd Complete Feed Solutions

Standardized ileal digestibility coefficients (SIDC) of nitrogen (N) and amino acids (AA) in two protein sources (soybean meal [SBM] and canola meal [CM]) were investigated at six broiler ages (d 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42). Two assay diets were formulated to contain either SBM (413 g/kg) or CM (553 g/kg) as the sole dietary AA source. Titanium dioxide (5 g/kg) was added as an indigestible marker. A total of 696 male broilers at 1 d old were allotted to 12 replicate cages per age group. Each assay diet was offered to birds for 4 d prior to the ileal digesta collection on d 7 (14 birds/cage), 14 (12 birds/cage), 21 (10 birds/cage), 28 (8 birds/cage), 35 (8 birds/cage) and 42 (6 birds/cage), respectively. The apparent digestibility coefficients were standardized using age-specific basal endogenous AA flows. In the SBM group, though the SIDC of N tended to be influenced (quadratic; P=0.075) by age, no linear or quadratic response of age effect was observed on the average SIDC of indispensable (IAA) and total AA (TAA). An age effect (quadratic; P<0.05) was observed on the average SIDC of dispensable AA (DAA) in SBM with the highest value recorded at d 7, followed by a decrease from d 14 to 28, which increased beyond d 35. The SIDC of some individual AA (Arg, Thr, Trp, Cys, Pro) were affected (P<0.05 or P<0.001) in a quadratic manner by age. In the CM, the SIDC of N, average SIDC of IAA, DAA and TAA were influenced (quadratic; P<0.05 or P<0.001) by age. The SIDC of N and average SIDC of DAA and TAA were higher from d 7 to 14, declined at d 21, and then increased beyond d 28. The average SIDC of IAA was low between d 7 and 28 and increased thereafter. The SIDC of individual AA were affected (linear or quadratic; P<0.05 or P<0.001) by different magnitudes by age. The age influence on the SIDC AA was variable, depending on the protein source and AA. The results demonstrate that age-specific SIDC AA data might need consideration in broiler feed formulations.

关键词： Age Amino acid Broiler Digestibility Protein source

Gram-negative bacterial diversity and evidence of international clones of multidrug-resistant strains in zoo animals

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 417-423页

作者： João Pedro Rueda FURLAN Micaela Santana RAMOS Fábio Parra SELLERA Irys Hany Lima GONZALEZ Patrícia Locosque RAMOS Eliana Guedes STEHLING Department of Clinical Analyses Toxicology and Food ScienceSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil Department of Internal medicine School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil school of veterinary medicine Metropolitan University of SantosSantosBrazil Coordination of Wild Fauna Secretary of EnvironmentInfrastructure and LogisticsSão PauloBrazil

Antimicrobial resistance(AMR)is a growing phenomenon that poses a major public health challenge worldwide(Dhingra et al.2020;Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators 2022).The selective pressure exerted in clinical settings has contributed to the longlasting successful dissemination of multidrug-resistant(MDR)Gram-negative bacteria in these environments(Chia et al.2020).

关键词： multidrug clinical

Integrins and their potential roles in mammalian pregnancy

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 1-19页

作者： Gregory A.Johnson Robert C.Burghardt Fuller W.Bazer Heewon Seo Joe W.Cain Department of veterinary Integrative Biosciences School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843‑4459USA Department of Animal Science College of Agriculture and Life SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843‑2471USA

Integrins are a highly complex family of receptors that, when expressed on the surface of cells, can mediate reciprocal cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix(ECM) interactions leading to assembly of integrin adhesion complexes(IACs) that initiate many signaling functions both at the membrane and deeper within the cytoplasm to coordinate processes including cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, survival, differentiation, and metabolism. All metazoan organisms possess integrins, and it is generally agreed that integrins were associated with the evolution of multicellularity, being essential for the association of cells with their neighbors and surroundings, during embryonic development and many aspects of cellular and molecular biology. Integrins have important roles in many aspects of embryonic development, normal physiology, and disease processes with a multitude of functions discovered and elucidated for integrins that directly influence many areas of biology and medicine, including mammalian pregnancy, in particular implantation of the blastocyst to the uterine wall, subsequent placentation and conceptus(embryo/fetus and associated placental membranes) development. This review provides a succinct overview of integrin structure, ligand binding, and signaling followed with a concise overview of embryonic development, implantation, and early placentation in pigs, sheep, humans, and mice as an example for rodents. A brief timeline of the initial localization of integrin subunits to the uterine luminal epithelium(LE) and conceptus trophoblast is then presented, followed by sequential summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs, sheep, humans, and rodents. As appropriate for this journal, summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs and sheep are in depth, whereas summaries for humans and rodents are brief. Because similar models to those illustrated in Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are present throughout the sc

关键词： Humans Implantation Integrins Pigs Pregnancy Rodents Sheep

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Genome-wide CRISPR screens identify CLC-2 as a drug target for anti-herpesvirus therapy: tackling herpesvirus drug resistance

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Fayu Yang Nan Wei Shuo Cai Jing Liu Qingping Lan Hao Zhang Lu Shang Bo Zheng Mi Wang Yingchun Liu Lifang Zhang Chenzhong Fei Wu Tong Changlong Liu Ersheng Kuang Guangzhi Tong Feng Gu Shanghai veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention College of Veterinary Medicine Lanzhou University Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Human Virology Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-Sen University school of medicine Tsinghua University

The emergence of drug resistance to virus(i.e., acyclovir(ACV) to herpesviruses) has been termed one of the common clinical issues,emphasizing the discovery of new antiviral agents. To address it, a genome-wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR) screening was performed in mouse haploid embryonic stem cells infected with pseudorabies virus(PRV), an α-herpesvirus causing human and pig diseases. The results demonstrated that type 2 voltage-gated chloride channels(CLC-2) encoded by one of the identified genes, CLCN2, is a potential drug target for anti-herpesvirus therapy. CLC-2 inhibitors, omeprazole(OME) and 4,4′-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid(DIDS), can efficiently inhibit infection of multiple herpesviruses in cellulo(i.e., PRV, HSV and EBV), and effectively treat murine herpes simplex encephalitis(HSE). Additionally, DIDS was found to inhibit HSV-1 replication by blocking the PI3K/Akt *** importantly, both DIDS and OME were able to inhibit ACV-resistant HSV-1 strain infection. The study's findings suggest that targeting host-cell factors such as CLC-2 may be a promising approach to tackling herpesvirus drug resistance. The discovery of CLC-2 as a potential drug target for anti-herpesvirus therapy provides a new direction for the development of novel antiviral agents.

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Development of a new cerebral ischemia reperfusion model of Mongolian gerbils and standardized evaluation system

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Animal Models and Experimental medicine 2024年第1期7卷 48-55页

作者： Ying Wu Caijiao Hu Zhihui Li Feiyang Li Jianyi Lv Meng Guo Xin Liu Changlong Li Xueyun Huo Zhenwen Chen Lifeng Yang Xiaoyan Du school of Basic Medical Sciences Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Laboratory for Clinical medicine Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina College of veterinary medicine China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina

Background:The Mongolian gerbil is an excellent laboratory animal for preparing the cerebral ischemia model due to its inherent deficiency in the circle of ***,the low incidence and unpredictability of symptoms are caused by numerous complex variant types of the ***,the lack of an evaluation system for the cer-ebral ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)model of gerbils has shackled the application of this ***:We created a symptom-oriented principle and detailed neurobehavioral scoring *** different time points of reperfusion,we analyzed the alteration in locomotion by rotarod test and grip force score,infarct volume by triphenyltetrazo-lium chloride(TTC)staining,neuron loss using Nissl staining,and histological charac-teristics using hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)***:With a successful model rate of 56%,32 of the 57 gerbils operated by our method harbored typical features of cerebral I/R injury,and the mortality rate in the male gerbils was significantly higher than that in the female *** suc-cessfully prepared I/R gerbils demonstrated a significant reduction in motility and grip strength at 1 day after reperfusion;formed obvious infarction;exhibited typi-cal pathological features,such as tissue edema,neuronal atrophy and death,and vacuolated structures;and were partially recovered with the extension of reperfu-sion ***:This study developed a new method for the unilateral common carotid artery ligation I/R model of gerbil and established a standardized evaluation system for this model,which could provide a new cerebral I/R model of gerbils with more practical applications.

关键词： ischemia/reperfusion Mongolian gerbil standardized model system unilateral carotid occlusion

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Prediction of cell-cell communication patierns of dorsal root ganglion cells:single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1367-1374页

作者： Yanna Lian Cheng Wu Li Liu Xiangyao Li National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Ministry of Education Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine IntegrationSchool of Brain Science and Brain MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina International Institutes of medicine the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineYiwuZhejiang ProvinceChina Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHainingZhejiang ProvinceChina Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Core Facilities of the school of medicine Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Dorsal root ganglion neurons transmit peripheral somatic information to the central nervous system,and dorsal root ganglion neuron excitability affects pain *** root ganglion stimulation is a new approach for managing pain *** of the cell-cell communication among dorsal root ganglion cells may help in the development of new pain and itch management ***,we used the single-cell RNA-sequencing(scRNA-seq)database to investigate intercellular communication networks among dorsal root ganglion *** collected scRNA-seq data from six samples from three studies,yielding data on a total of 17,766 *** on genetic profiles,we identified satellite glial cells,Schwann cells,neurons,vascular endothelial cells,immune cells,fibroblasts,and vascular smooth muscle *** analysis revealed that eight types of dorsal root ganglion neurons mediated proprioceptive,itch,touch,mechanical,heat,and cold ***,we predicted several distinct forms of intercellular communication among dorsal root ganglion cells,including cell-cell contact,secreted signals,extracellular matrix,and neurotransmitter-mediated *** data mining predicted that Mrgpra3-positive neurons robustly express the genes encoding the adenosine Adora2b(A2B)receptor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha 1(GFRα-1).Our immunohistochemistry results confirmed the coexpression of the A2B receptor and GFRα-*** injection of the A2B receptor antagonist PSB-603 effectively prevented histamine-induced scratching behaviour in a dose-dependent *** results demonstrate the involvement of the A2B receptor in the modulation of itch ***,our findings provide insight into dorsal root ganglion cell-cell communication patterns and *** results should contribute to the development of new strategies for the regulation of dorsal root ganglion excitability.

关键词： cell-cell communications CellChat dorsal root ganglion scRNA-Seq database

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