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Accumulative deformation in railway track induced by high-speed traffic loading of the trains

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Earthquake engineering and engineering Vibration 2010年第3期9卷 319-326页

作者： Bian Xuecheng Jiang Hongguang Chen Yunmin Department of Civil engineering MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China

Prediction and control of the permanent settlement of a track caused by traffic loading from trains is crucial to high-speed railway design and maintenance. In this study, a unified prediction model of accumulative deformation of geomaterials used in railway construction subjected to cyclic loadings is introduced and calibrated using physical model testing. Based on this versatile model, a calculation approach to determine the track structure settlement under repeated loadings caused by the movement of the wheel axle of the train is proposed. Regression analysis on the physical model testing is adopted to determine the parameters involved in the computational approach. Comparison of model test data and computed results shows that the parameters obtained from the back-analysis are consistent throughout the various testing conditions, and the proposed calculation approach is capable of satisfactorily predicting the accumulative settlement of the railway roadbed and subgrade soil for various axle loads and loading cycles. A case study of a high-speed railway is performed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach in realistic engineering applications. The computation results from the settlement development of a roadbed and subgrade soil are presented and discussed.

关键词： cyclic loading aggregate clay accumulative settlement high-speed railway

Advancements and Challenges in Organic–Inorganic Composite Solid Electrolytes for All‑Solid‑State Lithium Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 46-97页

作者： Xueyan Zhang Shichao Cheng Chuankai Fu Geping Yin Liguang Wang Yongmin Wu Hua Huo State Key Laboratory of Space Power‑Sources School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China College of Chemical and Biological engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources 2965 Dongchuan RoadMinhang DistrictShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

To address the limitations of contemporary lithium-ion batteries,particularly their low energy density and safety concerns,all-solid-state lithium batteries equipped with solid-state electrolytes have been identified as an up-and-coming *** the various SEs,organic–inorganic composite solid electrolytes(OICSEs)that combine the advantages of both polymer and inorganic materials demonstrate promising potential for large-scale ***,OICSEs still face many challenges in practical applications,such as low ionic conductivity and poor interfacial stability,which severely limit their *** review provides a comprehensive overview of recent research advancements in ***,the influence of inorganic fillers on the main functional parameters of OICSEs,including ionic conductivity,Li+transfer number,mechanical strength,electrochemical stability,electronic conductivity,and thermal stability are systematically *** lithium-ion conduction mechanism of OICSE is thoroughly analyzed and concluded from the microscopic ***,the classic inorganic filler types,including both inert and active fillers,are categorized with special emphasis on the relationship between inorganic filler structure design and the electrochemical performance of ***,the advanced characterization techniques relevant to OICSEs are summarized,and the challenges and perspectives on the future development of OICSEs are also highlighted for constructing superior ASSLBs.

关键词： Composite solid electrolytes Inorganic filler Interfacial stability Li-ion conduction mechanism Characterization techniques

Calculation of earth pressure based on disturbed state concept theory

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Journal of Central South University 2011年第4期18卷 1240-1247页

作者：朱剑锋徐日庆李昕睿陈页开 Faculty of Architectural Civil engineering and Environment Ningbo University Key Laboratory of soft Soils and Geoenvironmental engineering Ministry of EducationZhejiang University school of Civil engineering and Transportation South China University of Technology

The theoretical formulations of Coulomb and Rankine still remain as the fundamental approaches to the analysis of most gravity-type retaining wall,with the assumption that sufficient lateral yield will occur to mobilize fully limited conditions behind the *** effects of the magnitude of wall movements and different wall-movement modes are not taken into *** disturbance of backfill is considered to be related to the wall movement under translation *** the basis of disturbed state concept(DSC),a general disturbance function was proposed which ranged from-1 to *** disturbance variables could be determined from the measured wall movements.A novel approach that related to disturbed degree and the mobilized internal frictional angle of the backfill was also derived.A calculation method benefited from Rankine's theory and the proposed approach was established to predict the magnitude and distribution of earth pressure from the cohesionless backfill under translation *** predicted results,including the magnitude and distribution of earth pressure,show good agreement with those of the model test and the finite element *** addition,the disturbance parameter b was also discussed.

关键词： disturbed state concept disturbance function translation mode earth pressure cohesionless soil

Designing Electronic Structures of Multiscale Helical Converters for Tailored Ultrabroad Electromagnetic Absorption

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 439-455页

作者： Zhaobo Feng Chongbo Liu Xin Li Guangsheng Luo Naixin Zhai Ruizhe Hu Jing Lin Jinbin Peng Yuhui Peng Renchao Che Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringNanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063People’s Republic of China school of Physics and Materials Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing Ministry of EducationNanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063People’s Republic of China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsAcademy for Engineering and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China

Atomic-scale doping strategies and structure design play pivotal roles in tailoring the electronic structure and physicochemical property of electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA)***,the relationship between configuration and electromagnetic(EM)loss mechanism has remained ***,drawing inspiration from the DNA transcription process,we report the successful synthesis of novel in situ Mn/N co-doped helical carbon nanotubes with ultrabroad EMWA *** calculation and EM simulation confirm that the orbital coupling and spin polarization of the Mn–N4–C configuration,along with cross polarization generated by the helical structure,endow the helical converters with enhanced EM *** a result,HMC-8 demonstrates outstanding EMWA performance,achieving a minimum reflection loss of−63.13 dB at an ultralow thickness of 1.29 *** precise tuning of the graphite domain size,HMC-7 achieves an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 6.08 GHz at 2.02 mm ***,constructing macroscale gradient metamaterials enables an ultrabroadband EAB of 12.16 GHz at a thickness of only 5.00 mm,with the maximum radar cross section reduction value reaching 36.4 dB *** innovative approach not only advances the understanding of metal–nonmetal co-doping but also realizes broadband EMWA,thus contributing to the development of EMWA mechanisms and applications.

关键词： Metal-nonmetal co-doping 3d-2p orbital coupling Spin polarization Helical structure Broadband EM wave absorption

A Rapid Adaptation Approach for Dynamic Air‑Writing Recognition Using Wearable Wristbands with Self‑Supervised Contrastive Learning

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 417-431页

作者： Yunjian Guo Kunpeng Li Wei Yue Nam‑Young Kim Yang Li Guozhen Shen Jong‑Chul Lee Department of Electronic Convergence engineering Kwangwoon UniversitySeoul 01897South Korea Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit(RFIC)Bio Centre Kwangwoon UniversitySeoul 01897South Korea Department of Electronic engineering Kwangwoon UniversitySeoul 01897South Korea school of Microelectronics Shandong UniversityJinan 250101People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433People’s Republic of China school of Integrated Circuits and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China

Wearable wristband systems leverage deep learning to revolutionize hand gesture recognition in daily *** existing approaches that often focus on static gestures and require extensive labeled data,the proposed wearable wristband with selfsupervised contrastive learning excels at dynamic motion tracking and adapts rapidly across multiple *** features a four-channel sensing array composed of an ionic hydrogel with hierarchical microcone structures and ultrathin flexible electrodes,resulting in high-sensitivity capacitance *** wireless transmission from a Wi-Fi module,the proposed algorithm learns latent features from the unlabeled signals of random wrist ***,only few-shot labeled data are sufficient for fine-tuning the model,enabling rapid adaptation to various *** system achieves a high accuracy of 94.9%in different scenarios,including the prediction of eight-direction commands,and air-writing of all numbers and *** proposed method facilitates smooth transitions between multiple tasks without the need for modifying the structure or undergoing extensive task-specific *** utility has been further extended to enhance human–machine interaction over digital platforms,such as game controls,calculators,and three-language login systems,offering users a natural and intuitive way of communication.

关键词： Wearable wristband Self-supervised contrastive learning Dynamic gesture Air-writing Human-machine interaction

In situ construction of Cu(Ⅰ)-Cu(Ⅱ) pairs for efficient electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction to ammonia

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第01期 106-113页

作者： Muyun Zheng Yuchi Wan Leping Yang Shen Ao Wangyang Fu Zhengjun Zhang Zheng-Hong Huang Tao Ling Feiyu Kang Ruitao Lv State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Institute of New Energy Materials and engineering School of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou University Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE) School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction （NO3-RR） to ammonia under ambient conditions is expected to be a green process for ammonia synthesis and alleviate water pollution *** report a CuO nanoparticles incorporated on nitrogen-doped porous carbon （CuO@NC） catalyst for *** of Cu（Ⅱ） is reduced to Cu（Ⅰ） during the NO3-RR process to construct Cu（Ⅰ）-Cu（Ⅱ） pairs,confirmed by in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and Raman *** functional theory （DFT） calculations indicated that the formation of Cu（Ⅰ） could provide a reaction path with smaller energy barrier for NO3-RR,while Cu（Ⅱ） effectively suppressed the competition of hydrogen evolution reaction （HER）.As a result,CuO@NC catalyst achieved a Faradaic efficiency of 84.2% at -0.49 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode （RHE）,and a NH3yield rate of 17.2 mg *** -0.79 V ***,higher than the HaberBosch process (<3.4 g h-1g-1cat.).This work may open a new avenue for effective NO3-RR by modulating oxidation states.

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Analytical solution for 1D consolidation of unsaturated soil with mixed boundary condition

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & engineering) 2013年第1期14卷 61-70页

作者： Zhen-dong SHAN Dao-sheng LING Hao-jiang DING MOE Key Lab of soft Soils and Geo-environmental engineering Zhejiang University Institute of engineering Mechanics China Earthquake Administration

Based on consolidation equations proposed for unsaturated soil, an analytical solution for 1D consolidation of an unsaturated single-layer soil with nonhomogeneous mixed boundary condition is developed. The mixed boundary condition can be used for special applications, such as tests occur in laboratory. The analytical solution is obtained by assuming all material parameters remain constant during consolidation. In the derivation of the analytical solution, the nonhomogeneous boundary condition is first transformed into a homogeneous boundary condition. Then, the eigenfunction and eigenvalue are derived according to the consolidation equations and the new boundary condition. Finally, using the method of undetermined coefficients and the orthogonal relation of the eigenfunction, the analytical solution for the new boundary condition is obtained. The present method is applicable to various types of boundary conditions. Several numerical examples are provided to investigate the consolidation behavior of an unsaturated single-layer soil with mixed boundary condition.

关键词： Unsaturated soil Consolidation Mixed boundary condition Analytical solution

Two-dimensional equations for thin-films of ionic conductors

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2018年第8期39卷 1071-1088页

作者： Shuting LU Chunli ZHANG Weiqiu CHEN Jiashi YANG Department of engineering Mechanics Zhejiang University soft Matter Research Center Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University Department of Mechanical and Materials engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln

A theoretical model is developed for predicting both conduction and diffusion in thin-film ionic conductors or cables. With the linearized Poisson-Nernst-Planck(PNP)theory, the two-dimensional(2D) equations for thin ionic conductor films are obtained from the three-dimensional(3D) equations by power series expansions in the film thickness coordinate, retaining the lower-order equations. The thin-film equations for ionic conductors are combined with similar equations for one thin dielectric film to derive the 2D equations of thin sandwich films composed of a dielectric layer and two ionic conductor layers. A sandwich film in the literature, as an ionic cable, is analyzed as an example of the equations obtained in this paper. The numerical results show the effect of diffusion in addition to the conduction treated in the literature. The obtained theoretical model including both conduction and diffusion phenomena can be used to investigate the performance of ionic-conductor devices with any frequency.

关键词： ionic conduction and diffusion linearized Poisson-Nernst-Planck(PNP) theory two-dimensional(2D) equation ionic conductor thin-film

engineering of geometrical configurations in dual-atom catalysts for electrocatalytic applications

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 273-287页

作者： Tao Zhang Yifan Liu Liang Xue Jingwen Sun Pan Xiong Junwu Zhu Key Laboratory for soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094JiangsuChina

Geometrical configurations play a crucial role in dual-atom catalysts(DACs)for electrocatalytic *** progress has been made to design DACs electrocatalysts with various geometri-cal configurations,but in-depth understanding the relationship between geometrical configurations and metal-metal interaction mechanisms for designing targeted DACs is still *** this review,the recent progress in engineering of geometrical configurations of DACs is systematically *** on the polarity of geometrical configuration,DACs can be classified into two different types that are homonuclear and heteronuclear ***,with regard to the geometrical configurations of the active sites,homonuclear DACs are identified into adjacent and bridged configurations,and heteronuclear DACs can be classified into adjacent,bridged,and separated ***,metal-metal interactions in DACs with different geometrical configurations are ***,the applications of DACs in different electrocatalytic reactions are discussed,including the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),oxygen evolution reaction(OER),hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),and other ***,the future challenges and perspectives for advancements in DACs are *** review aims to provide inspiration for the design of highly effcient DACs towards energy relatedapplications.

关键词： Dual-atom catalysts Geometrical configurations Homonuclear Heteronuclear Electrocatalysis