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Quick Responses of Canadian social Scientists to COVID-19:A Case Study of the 2020 Federal COVID-19-Specific Grant Recipients

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第4期13卷 636-649页

作者： Haorui Wu Adele Mansour Canada Research Chair in Resilience School of Social WorkFaculty of HealthDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 4R2Canada school of Communication Science and Disorders Faculty of HealthDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 4R2Canada

COVID-19 prompted an abundance of independent and collaborative quick response disaster research(QRDR)initiatives *** 2020 federal COVID-19-driven granting opportunities initiated the first official QRDR effort in Canadian history,engaging social scientists to rapidly address the pandemic-related societal *** study aims to portray the landscape of this nascent social science QRDR workforce through the first round of federal COVID-19-specific grant recipients.A case study approach was employed to analyze 337 social science projects with 1119 associated researchers,examining the demographic structure of these COVID-19-driven social science researchers and their research projects'***,the findings are presented through the following two streams:(1)From a researcher perspective,this case study describes researcher typology,geographic location,primary discipline,and educational background,highlighting the diverse characteristics of social sciences researchers,and uneven research development across Canada.(2)From a research project perspective,this case study identifies and synthesizes research project subjects,themes,collaborations,and Canadian distinctions,emphasizing the need for galvanizing cooperation and focusing on uniquely Canadian *** case study illustrates challenges associated with data curation that pose barriers to developing a nuanced understanding of the Canadian social science community COVID-19 research ***,the case study develops three recommendations to improve QRDR development in Canada:promoting information transparency,dissemination,and updates;improving hazards and disaster research workforce evaluation;and enhancing multi-stakeholder cooperation.

关键词： Canadian federal granting agencies COVID-19 Quick response disaster research Research projects Research workforce social sciences

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Effect of Hepatitis C Treatment on Renal Function in Liver Transplant Patients

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2018年第4期6卷 391-395页

作者： Mohamed Shoreibah John Romano Ornar T.Sims Yuqi Guo DeAnn Jones Krishna Venkata Vishnu Kommineni Jordan Orr Paul Fitzmorris Omar I.Massoud Division of Gastroenterology&Hepatology School of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Department of Internal Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Department of social work College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Department of Health Behavior School of Public HealthUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Center for AIDS Research School of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA school of social work University of AlabamaTuscaloosaALUSA Department of Pharmacology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTNUSA

Background andAims:Hepatitis C Virus(HCV)is uniformly recurrent after liver transplant(LT)and recurrence is associated with an increased risk of *** medications increase the risk of chronic kidney disease,and the presence of chronic kidney disease presents a challenge for HCV treatment in LT *** aim of this study was to assess changes in glomerular filtration rates(GFRs)of LT recipients receiving HCV ***:This is a retrospective study of LT patients who received HCV treatment between 2015 and 2016(n=60).The outcomes of interest were differences in serum creatinine levels and in GFR,measured at treatment initiation and at 24 weeks after *** average age of the patients was 59 years-old,and 17%were cirrhotic and 67%were *** patients received sofosbuvir/ledipasvir without ***:All patients achieved sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after treatment(SVR12).At baseline,55%of patients had GFR60 mL/min per 1.73 *** those patients,GFR did not change in 81%,and 19%had worsened *** the entire cohort,65%of patients had improved or stable GFR and 35%had worsened *** average change in serum creatinine between baseline and 24 weeks was 0.10(p=0.18).Conclusions:This study showed improved or unchanged GFR in 65%and worsened GFR in 35%of LT recipients who achieved *** of GFR was more frequently encountered in those with impaired renal function at *** should be used when treating HCV in LT recipients,especially those with baseline status of renal impairment.

关键词： Hepatitis C Renal function Direct-acting antivirals Liver transplant Treatment

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The Effectiveness of Implementing Dietary Interventions on Weight Management for the Elderly in A Senior Care Center

The Effectiveness of Implementing Dietary Interventions on W...

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中国营养学会第十五届全国营养科学大会

作者： Shuyi Zhou Hagedorn university of Texas Arlington school of social work

Being an unhealthy weight is associated with health risks for older adults. Research has suggested that obesity is associated with an increased risk of many chronic diseases and mortality, while being underweight is linked to elevated mortality risk. A proper and timely nutrition intervention could be helpful for seniors to maintain a healthy weight. However, few studies have explored the effectiveness of nutrition interventions on weight management in senior care centers in China. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of implementing nutrition interventions on weight management for the elderly in a senior care center. Methods Participants were recruited from residents who stayed in a senior care center in Xiamen City, Fujian Province from October 2020 to December 2021. Participants who left or lived in the senior care center for less than one month, who could not be weighed due to medical conditions, or had missing data were excluded. Detailed information on medical history, observations from a physical examination report, height, and weight were obtained at baseline. A registered dietitian provided nutritional screening(assessed by the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool), nutritional assessment(determined by the Nutrition-Focused Physical Exam), dietary diaries analysis(based on 7-day food dietary diaries), personalized nutritional interventions for participants, and follow-up regularly or as needed. The registered dietitian also provided nutrition education classes once a month. In addition, the registered dietitian designed the aging-friendly and nutritionally-balanced menu according to the Chinese Dietary Guidelines for the Elderly(2016 Version). Participants were weighed once a month by trained staff. The BMI levels and weight changes of participants were calculated and analyzed by the registered dietitian. The registered dietitian would conduct a timely nutrition intervention if a participant was found to have significant weight change. Categori

关键词： nutrition intervention weight management nutrition status older adults senior care center China

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The Comprehensive Human Essence and the New Evolution of Human Beings

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学术界 2019年第8期 185-195页

作者： Wu Kun Da Kaiyan school of Humanities and social Sciences Xi’an Jiaotong university

Human beings have no absolute,fixed essence. The essence of human beings is the combination of an innate substrate and acquired creation. As the degree of machine intelligence in the development of human society continues to increase,human beings are constantly changing and creating their own essence,and they are also constantly liberated from the bondage of a certain single old essence,creating and enriching the richer and more diverse aspects of its essence. The transformation of labor from its alienation to its return is also a transformation of labor from the centralized form to the non-centralized form of human essence according to Karl Marx. The new fusion of artificial intelligence and bioengineering will lead to a new tracks of evolution that"reshapes and regenerates"life itself. This new evolutionary path will fuse the two-track evolution,biological evolution and cultural evolution,which have been relatively isolated in the traditional sense. If human beings are able to work hard together to design and implement a new social system that adapts to the future intelligent development,then what the comprehensive development of intelligence bring human beings about would be not a disaster,but a bright future.

关键词： intelligence human essence new evolution of human beings social system

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Frontiers of Nursing 2022年第3期9卷 285-293页

作者： Michael Rovithis Argyroula Kalaitzaki Sofia Koukouli Nikos Rikos Martha Kelesi Georgia Fasoi Manolis Linardakis Areti Stavropoulou Department of Nursing School of Health SciencesHellenic Mediterranean UniversityCrete 71410Greece Department of social work School of Health SciencesHellenic Mediterranean UniversityCrete 71410Greece Department of Nursing School of Health and Care SciencesUniversity of West AtticaAthens 12243Greece Department of social Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of CreteHeraklion 70013Greece

Objective:To determine the levels of burnout among Greek nurses during the first wave of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic and to investigate the relationship among levels of burnout,satisfaction and concern about information,personal protection equipment(PPE),and safety for ***:A cross-sectional study was *** were collected by using the Burnout subscale of the Greek version of the Professional Quality of Life *** concerning satisfaction and concern about information,PPE,and safety for COVID-19 were *** sampling method was *** statistics and multiple linear regression analysis were applied,and distributions were tested for their symmetry using Bloom’s ***:The sample comprised of 301 nurses working in public and private hospitals in Greece.A moderate level of burnout was found among the Greek nurses(mean=29.95,±4.75).Regarding satisfaction and concern about information,PPE,and safety for COVID-19,nurses expressed overall low satisfaction with a mean score of 1.96(±0.77),and high levels of concern with a mean score of 3.19(±0.85).Increased satisfaction regarding the information provided was significantly associated with decreased levels of burnout(β=-1.32,P<0.001),and increased concern for COVID-19 was significantly associated with increased levels of burnout(β=0.83,P=0.010).Conclusions:Greek nurses expressed low satisfaction concerning information,PPE,and safety for COVID-19 and high levels of concern of possible COVID-19 ***,a moderate level of burnout was found.

关键词： Burnout syndrome COVID-19 nurses satisfaction quality

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Maternal perceived self-efficacy, perceived vulnerability and child health outcome in Ibadan, South-West Nigeria

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Global Health Journal 2023年第2期7卷 94-100页

作者： Tosin Yinka Akintunde Department of Sociology School of Public AdministrationHohai UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211100China Department of social work Chinese University of Hong KongSha tinHong Kong 999077China

Objective:The problems associated with child health continue to constitute a global concern,and child morbidity and mortality remain problematic in Sub-Sahara Africa(SSA).Utilizing a community-based survey conducted in Ibadan North Local government,Southwest Nigeria the study examined the influences of maternal perceived self-efficacy(MPSE)and maternal perceived vulnerability(MPV)on child health outcomes(CHO).Methods:The study appraised data from 683 nursing mothers aged 15-45 obtained from 20 major primary healthcare centers in the region undergoing routine health checks for their *** regression models were fitted to examine the effects of MPV,MPSE,and confounding variables of maternal preventive actions such as insecticide-treated nets(ITN)usage and child immunization,among other maternal and child sociodemographic attributes on ***:The study finds that MPV has no correlation with CHO and MPSE but positively correlates with maternal age(r=0.123,P<0.05).However,CHO has a negative correlation with MPSE(r=-0.200,P<0.05)while positively correlated with child age(r=0.134,P<0.05).MPSE has a unique effect on CHO(β=-0.203,P<0.05),maternal preventive action of ITN usage show a positive association with CHO in the study Model 2(β=-0.163,P<0.05),while in Model 3,child's age has a positive association with CHO(β=0.180,P<0.05).The net effect of the study models accounted for approximately 10%of the variance in CHO reported among the ***:Overall,MPSE and ITN usage are essential factors for understanding and reducing the potential adverse *** effort must continue to improve maternal education to support child health and preventive carepractices in SSA.

关键词： Child health outcome Maternal perceived self-efficacy Maternal perceived vulnerability Morbidity Nigeria

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Evolution of surgical skills training

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第20期12卷 3219-3224页

作者： Kurt E Roberts Robert L Bell Andrew J Duffy Department of Surgery Yale university school of Medicine 40 Temple StreetSuite 3ANew HavenCT 06510United Staets

Surgical training is changing： one hundred years of tradition is being challenged by legal and ethical concerns for patient safety, work hours restrictions, the cost of operating room time, and complications. Surgical simulation and skills training offers an opportunity to teach and practice advanced skills outside of the operating room environment before attempting them on living patients. Simulation training can be as straight forward as using real instruments and video equipment to manipulate simulated ＂tissue＂ in a box trainer. More advanced, virtual reality simulators are now available and ready for widespread use. Early systems have demonstrated their effectiveness and discriminative ability. Newer systems enable the development of comprehensive curricula and full procedural simulations. The Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education＇s （ACGME） has mandated the development of novel methods of training and evaluation. Surgical organizations are calling for methods to ensure the maintenance of skills, advance surgical training, and to credential surgeons as technically competent. Simulators in their current form have been demonstrated to improve the operating room performance of surgical residents. Development of standardized training curricula remains an urgent and important agenda, particularly for minimal invasive surgery. An innovative and progressive approach, borrowing experiences from the field of aviation, can provide the foundation for the next century of surgical training, ensuring the quality of the product. As the technology develops, the way we practice will continue to evolve, to the benefit of physicians and patients.

关键词： Surgery Training Certification Skills Simulation Curriculum

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Health correlates, addictive behaviors, and peer victimization among adolescents in China

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第5期14卷 454-460页

作者： Qi-Qi Chen Meng-Tong Chen Yu-Hong Zhu Ko Ling Chan Patrick Ip Department of Applied social Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong KongChina Department of social work Renmin University of ChinaHaidianBeijingChina Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina

Background Peer victimization has been recognized as a common social problem affecting children and adolescents in all parts of the world. This study aims to examine the prevalence of different types of peer victimization and to evaluate the associations between peer victimization and health correlates. Methods Using a large population sample of 18,341 adolescents aged 15–17 years from 6 cities in China, this study esti-mated the prevalence of different types of peer victimization, addictive behaviors, and health-related variables with self-administrated questionnaires. A three-phase logistical regression analysis was conducted to investigate the associations between peer victimization and addictive behaviors as well as health-related factors among adolescents. Results A total of 42.9% of the surveyed Chinese adolescents have been bullied by peers, with boys reporting higher rate on overt victimization (36.9%) and girls on relational forms (33.9%). school environment (34.7%) was the most frequent scene of peer violence, followed by neighborhood, family, and internet. Addictive behaviors except substance abuse were found related to higher possibility of peer victimization (aOR 1.21–1.73, P<0.001). Peer victimization was significantly associated with more depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, and suicide ideation and deliberate self-harm (aOR 1.05–2.27, P<0.001), and poorer self-esteem and health-related quality of life (aOR 0.95–0.97, P<0.001). Conclusion Possible explanations of the associations found in this study are discussed and implications for future services are raised.

关键词： Addictive behavior Adolescent Health Peer victimization

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Abnormal Event Correlation and Detection Based on Network Big Data Analysis

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 695-711页

作者： Zhichao Hu Xiangzhan Yu Jiantao Shi Lin Ye school of Cyberspace Science Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China Department of Computer and Information Science Temple UniversityPhiladelphia42101USA

With the continuous development of network technology,various large-scale cyber-attacks continue to *** attacks pose a severe threat to the security of systems,networks,and ***,how to mine attack patterns from massive data and detect attacks are urgent *** this paper,an approach for attack mining and detection is proposed that performs tasks of alarm correlation,false-positive elimination,attack mining,and attack *** on the idea of CluStream,the proposed approach implements a flow clustering method and a two-step algorithm that guarantees efficient streaming and *** context of an alarm in the attack chain is analyzed and the LightGBM method is used to perform falsepositive recognition with high *** accelerate the search for the filtered alarm sequence data to mine attack patterns,the PrefixSpan algorithm is also updated in the store *** updated PrefixSpan increases the processing efficiency and achieves a better result than the original one in *** Bayesian theory,the transition probability for the sequence pattern string is calculated and the alarm transition probability table constructed to draw the attack ***,a long-short-term memory network and embedding word-vector method are used to perform online *** of numerical experiments show that the method proposed in this paper has a strong practical value for attack detection and prediction.

关键词： Attack scene false positive alarm correlation sequence mining multi-step attack

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Webpage Matching Based on Visual Similarity

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3393-3405页

作者： Mengmeng Ge Xiangzhan Yu Lin Ye Jiantao Shi school of Cyberspace Science Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China Department of Computer and Information Science Temple UniversityPhiladelphia42101USA

With the rapid development of the Internet,the types of webpages are more abundant than in previous ***,it becomes severe that people are facing more and more significant network security risks and enormous losses caused by phishing webpages,which imitate the interface of real webpages and deceive the *** better identify and distinguish phishing webpages,a visual feature extraction method and a visual similarity algorithm are ***,the visual feature extraction method improves the Visionbased Page Segmentation(VIPS)algorithm to extract the visual block and calculate its signature by perceptual hash ***,the visual similarity algorithm presents a one-to-one correspondence based on the visual blocks’coordinates and *** the weights are assigned according to the tree structure,and the similarity of the visual blocks is calculated on the basis of the measurement of the visual features’Hamming ***,the visual similarity of webpages is generated by integrating the similarity and weight of different visual ***,multiple pairs of phishing webpages and legitimate webpages are evaluated to verify the feasibility of the *** experimental results achieve excellent performance and demonstrate that our method can achieve 94%accuracy.

关键词： Web security visual feature perceptual hash visual similarity

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