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Assessing the impacts of traffic calming at network level:A multimodal agent-based simulation

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第1期11卷 41-54页

作者： Eftychia Zargiannaki Panagiotis G.Tzouras Eleni Antoniou Christos Karolemeas Konstantinos Kepaptsoglou school of rural Surveying and Geoinformatics EngineeringNational Technical University of AthensZografou 15780Greece

The reduction of speed limits in urban roads through traffic calming schemes intends to ensure safer traffic conditions among road users by reducing the probability related to the occurrence of severe *** it from a different perspective,traffic calming measures can potentially resolve congestion problems at the same time by lowering the overall accessibility and attractiveness of private cars in urban *** study proposes a new methodological approach to explore and assess the direct impacts of traffic calming in the transport system efficiency of a metropolitan *** multi-agent transport simulation(MATSim)and Open-Berlin scenario are utilized to perform this simulation *** developing a new external tool,the free flow speed and road capacity of each network link is updated based on new speed limits and different compliance rates,which are defined per road hierarchy *** test scenarios that are formulated present radical conditions,where the speed limit in most urban roads of Berlin drops to 30 km/h or even 15 km/*** findings of this study show a considerably high increase in trips,passenger hours,and passenger kilometers using public transport modes,when traffic calming links are introduced,the reserve change is observed in private cars *** the speed limits are decreased in inner urban roads in most of the scenarios,the decrease of average travel speed of private cars is not so high as it was ***,private cars are used for longer distances in all test *** drivers seem to use already existed motorways and private road to *** simulations,driver compliance to the new speed limits seems to be a determinant factor that is strongly influenced by the design interventions applied in a traffic calming area.

关键词： Agent-based simulation Traffic calming Impact assessment Urban road network

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health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China's clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 103-113页

作者： Tao Xue Ruohan Wang Meng Wang Yanying Wang Dan Tong Xia Meng Conghong Huang Siqi Ai Fangzhou Li Jingyuan Cao Mingkun Tong Xueqiu Ni Hengyi Liu Jianyu Deng Hong Lu Wei Wan Jicheng Gong Shiqiu Zhang Tong Zhu Institute of Reproductive and Child health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU) School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Centre State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management and Center for Environment and Health Peking University Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Department of Epidemiology and Environmental health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at Buffalo State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University school of Public health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan University College of Land Management Nanjing Agricultural University National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation Clean Air Asia

Clean air actions （CAAs） in China have been linked to considerable benefits in public ***,whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is *** high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants (fine particulate matter[PM2.5]and ozone[O3]) and population,we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from,and geographic inequality embedded in,the reduced exposures to PM2.5and O3from 2013 to *** used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases *** analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy（LLE） attributable to PM2.5and O3,we calculated the gain of life expectancy （GLE） to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality ***,we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index （GI）.Based on risk assessments of PM2.5and O3,during the first stage of CAAs（2013 to 2017）,the mean GLE was 1.87 *** of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed （GI 0.44）.During the second stage of CAAs（2017 to 2020）,the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased （GI 0.18）.According to our assessments,CAAs were enhanced,from the first to second stages,in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health *** enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM2.5and *** findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs.

关键词： clean air action public health inequality fine particulate matter ozone

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Exploring the impact of economic growth and energy consumption on SO2 emissions in China based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2892-2900页

作者： Bing-Jie Xu Yi-Fei Shen Hui Qiao Zhi Gao Faculty of Business City University of Macau rural Development Institute Chinese Academy of Social Sciences school of Marxism Shenzhen Polytechnic University

This study aims to analysis the influence of economic growth(EG) and energy consumption(EC) on sulfur dioxide emissions(SE) in China. Accordingly, this study explores the link between EG, EC, and SE for 30 provinces in China over the span of 2000-2019. This study also analyzes cross-sectional dependence tests, panel unit root tests, Westerlund panel cointegration tests, Dumitrescu-Hurlin(D-H) causality tests. According to the test results, there is an inverted U-shaped association between EG and SE,and the assumption of the Environmental Kuznets Curve(EKC) is verified. The signs of EG and EC in the fixed effect(FE) and random effect(RE) methods are in line with those in the dynamic ordinary least squares(DOLS), fully modified ordinary least squares(FMOLS) and autoregressive distributed lag(ARDL)estimators. Moreover, the results verified that EC can obviously positive impact the SE. To reduce SE in China, government and policymakers can improve air quality by developing cleaner energy sources and improving energy efficiency. This requires the comprehensive use of policies, regulations, economic incentives, and public participation to promote sustainable development.

关键词： SO 2 emissions Economic growth Energy consumption EKC China

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Examining the Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Determinants of Land Urbanization in Prefecture-level Cities,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第1期34卷 19-33页

作者： YANG Zhen ZHU Huxiao ZHANG Xinlin OU Xiangjun school of Geography Geomatics and Planning&Urban-rural Integration Development Research InstituteJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou221116China

Examining the spatiotemporal dynamics and determinants of land urbanization is critical for promoting healthy urban development and the rational use of land *** on the dataset consisting of land use change data and selected factors in 2010 and2020,this study used visual analysis to reveal the spatiotemporal dynamics of land urbanization across prefecture-level cities in ***,the driving forces underlying land urbanization were examined by using geographical detector *** are the findings:1)we find that there exist notable spatial variances in land urbanization across prefecture-level ***,the differentiation in land urbanization between the northern and southern cities is more pronounced than that between the coastal and inland cities,or between the eastern and western ***-level cities located in central and western China have experienced the most rapid growth in land ***,the growth rate in northeastern China is the lowest,while the velocity in eastern China remains relatively *** using spatial autocorrelation analysis,this study reveals that the land urbanization level in prefecture-level cities has significant spatial agglomeration.2)We further find that land urbanization in China is influenced by factors related to urban land supply and demand,and urban population growth,economic growth,land financial and political incentive have greater impact on land urbanization than other factors.3)We also find that the impacts of determinants on China’s land urbanization vary over time,the explanatory power of economic development increased,while the explanatory power of state forces *** argue that integrating the supply and demand factors of land urbanization can provide a more comprehensive understanding of the driving mechanisms underlying land urbanization in China and other transitional countries,and help decision-makers in these countries formulate more detailed and specif

关键词： land urbanization spatial pattern influencing factor geographical detector China

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Re-evaluation of recent research on metabolic utilization of energy in poultry: Recommendations for a net energy system for broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 62-72页

作者： Jean Noblet Aye-Cho Tay-Zar Shu-Biao Wu Pairat Srichana Pierre Cozannet Pierre-Andre Geraert Mingan Choct INRAE Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited (CPF) school of Environmental and rural Science University of New England Adisseo France S.A.S.

Different energy systems have been proposed for energy evaluation of feeds for domestic animals. The oldest and most commonly used systems take into account the fecal energy loss to obtain digestible energy(DE), and fecal, urinary and fermentation gases energy losses to calculate metabolizable energy(ME). In the case of ruminants and pigs, the net energy(NE) system, which takes into account the heat increment associated with the metabolic utilization of ME, has progressively replaced the DE and ME systems over the last 50 years. For poultry, apparent ME(AME) is used exclusively and NE is not yet used widely. The present paper considers some important methodological points for measuring NE in poultry feeds and summarizes the available knowledge on NE systems for poultry. NE prediction equations based on a common analysis of three recent studies representing a total of 50 complete and balanced diets fed to broilers are proposed; these equations including the AME content and easily available chemical indicators have been validated on another set of 30 diets. The equations are applicable to both ingredients and complete diets. They rely primarily on an accurate and reliable AME value which then represents the first limiting predictor of NE value. Our analysis indicates that NE would be a better predictor of broiler performance than AME and that the hierarchy between feeds is dependent on the energy system with a higher energy value for fat and a lower energy value for protein in an NE system. Practical considerations for implementing such an NE system from the commonly used AME or AMEn(AME adjusted for zero nitrogen balance) systems are presented. In conclusion, there is sufficient information to allow the implementation of the NE concept in order to improve the accuracy of feed formulation in poultry.

关键词： Poultry Feed evaluation Net energy Energy system

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Recent Advances in Deciphering the Mechanisms and Biological Functions of DNA Demethylation

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第6期42卷 645-651页

作者： Yang Feng Sheng-Jun Chen Bi-Feng Yuan Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNational R&D Center for Aquatic Product ProcessingSouth China Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong510300 China school of Public health Research Center of Public HealthRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei430071 China

5-Methylcytosine (5mC) is a dynamic and reversible epigenetic modification in genomic DNA of higher *** has been well-established that the demethylation of 5mC occurs through the ten-eleven translocation (TET)-mediated oxidation of 5mC followed by thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG)-initiated base excision repair (BER).Recent findings also have identified an alternative pathway of DNA *** this pathway,TET enzymes directly oxidize 5mC to form 5-formylcytosine (5fC) or 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC).These modified bases can undergo direct deformylation or decarboxylation,***,DNA demethylation can also occur through the deamination of 5mC and 5hmC,resulting in the production of thymine and 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5hmU),*** DNA demethylation pathways possess critical functional implications and roles in biological *** Recent Advances article will focus on the studies of mechanisms and biological functions of DNA demethylation,shedding light on the reversible nature of the epigenetic modification of 5mC.

关键词： Epigenetics DNA DNA methylation 5-Methylcytosine Demethylation Mechanisms Biological functions C—C bond cleavage Mass spectrometry

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The mid-domain effect in flowering phenology

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Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 502-509页

作者： Yanjun Du Rongchen Zhang Xinran Tang Xinyang Wang Lingfeng Mao Guoke Chen Jiangshan Lai Keping Ma school of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry(school of Agricultural and rural Affairs School of Rural Revitalization)Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China HNU-ASU Joint International Tourism College Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China school of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China College of Ecology and Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China

The timing of flowering is an important driver of species distribution and community assembly ***,we still have much to learn about the factors that shape flowering diversity(i.e.,number of species flowering per period) in plant *** potential explanation of flowering diversity is the mid-domain effect,which states that geometric constraints on species ranges within a bounded domain(space or time) will yield a mid-domain peak in diversity regardless of ecological ***,we determine whether the mid-domain effect explains peak flowering time(i.e.,when most species of communities are flowering) across *** used phenological data of 16,267 herbaceous and woody species from the provincial Flora in China and species distribution data from the Chinese Vascular Plant Distribution Database to determine relationships between the observed number of species flowering and the number of species flowering as predicted by the mid-domain effect model,as well as between three climatic variables(mean minimum monthly temperature,mean monthly precipitation,and mean monthly sunshine duration).We found that the mid-domain effect explained a significant proportion of the temporal variation in flowering diversity across all species in ***,the mid-domain effect explained a greater proportion of variance in flowering diversity at higher latitudes than at lower *** patterns of flowering diversity for both herbaceous and woody species were related to both the mid-domain effect and environmental *** findings indicate that including geometric constraints in conjunction with abiotic and biotic predictors will improve predictions of flowering diversity patterns.

关键词： Flowering diversity Functional biogeography Latitudinal gradient Macroecology Macrophenology Null model

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Does Chinese Environmental Policy Affect Income Inequality? Evidence from the Central Environmental Protection Inspection

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China & World Economy 2024年第3期32卷 130-161页

作者： Xiaoyun Wei Chuanmin Zhao China Academy for rural Development and school of Public Affairs Zhejiang UniversityChina China Investment Corporation China

This paper investigates the effect of environmental policy on income *** focuses on the central environmental protection inspection led by the central government in *** a diference-in-diferences approach,it finds evidence that environmental regulation decreased the per capita income and enlarged the gap between urban and rural income while showing an insignificant effect on *** the policy can reduce pollution levels and bring environmental benefits in aggregate,the findings of this study suggest that the regulations appear to have reduced the proportion of manufacturing industry and hindered general innovation and investment from entrepreneurs,which resulted in greater *** residents suffered more from environmental regulation due to relatively high migration costs and their disadvantaged human resources on the aspects of health,education level,and *** local government's execution incentive can also play a key role in the effectiveness of environmental *** with lower GDP growth targets and younger government leaders were affected significantly with regard to the income growth of local residents and the urban-rural income gap.

关键词： central environmental protection inspection income inequality promotion incentive top-down policy urban-rural gap

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Mobile genetic elements facilitate the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes in multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from duck farms

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 729-735页

作者： Xin’er Zheng Dingting Xu Jinchang Yan Min Qian Peng Wang Davood Zaeim Jianzhong Han Daofeng Qu school of Food Science and Biotechnology Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310035China The Second Affiliated Hospital School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311100China Agricultural and rural Bureau of Wangdian Town Xiuzhou DistrictJiaxing 314011China

Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Enterobacteriaceae critically threaten duck farming and public *** phenotypes,genotypes,and associated mobile genetic elements(MGEs)of MDR Enterobacteriaceae isolated from 6 duck farms in Zhejiang Province,China,were investigated.A total of 215 isolates were identified as Escherichia coli(64.65%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(12.09%),Proteus mirabilis(10.23%),Salmonella(8.84%),and Enterobacter cloacae(4.19%).Meanwhile,all isolates were resistant to at least two *** isolates carried tet(A)(85.12%),blaTEM(78.60%)and sul1(67.44%)resistance *** co-occurrence analysis showed that the resistance genes were associated with IS26 and integrons.A conjugative IncFII plasmid pSDM004 containing all the above MGEs was detected in Proteus mirabilis isolate *** isolate was resistant to 18 antibiotics and carried the blaNDM-5 ***,especially plasmids,are the primary antibiotic resistance gene transmission route in duck *** findings provide a theoretical basis for the rational use of antibiotics in farms which are substantial for evaluating public health and food safety.

关键词： Duck farm Mobile genetic element Antibiotic resistance gene Plasmid Food safety

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Understanding Why People Complain: Using Spatial Embeddedness to Explore Residents' Satisfaction in China's Danwei Neighborhood Renovation

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China City Planning Review 2024年第3期 51-61页

作者： Li Yue Zhou Peiling Li Min school of Architecture Chang'an University Department of Urban and rural Planning Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen

Against the backdrop of China's socio-economic transition, there is a growing imperative to examine neighborhood renovation initiatives in addressing the emerging needs of residents. Developing Granovetter's classic work on embeddedness, this paper proposes a conceptual framework of spatial embeddedness to understand changes in the physical space brought about by neighborhood renovation, in order to explore how it affects residents' satisfaction in a dynamic temporal and spatial process. It presents whether and why residents' real feelings produced from their interaction with neighborhood renovation are(un)different, and how their feelings are shaped based on six months of fieldwork in a danwei neighborhood in Xi'an, China. The paper conceptualizes the relationship between the neighborhood space and embeddedness by adopting spatial embeddedness to capture the interplay of temporal, spatial, and social factors in the process of danwei neighborhood renovation. This framework not only integrates multiple perspectives and scales, but also reflects different levels of residents' satisfaction, trying to establish a connection between the abstract space and the renovation space. It suggests that spatial embeddedness should be considered as a response to the negative social impacts resulting from changes in the physical space in neighborhood renovation.

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