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Relationships between blood chromium exposure and liver injury:Exploring the mediating role of systemic inflammation in a chromate-exposed population

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 224-234页

作者： Zekang Su Yali Zhang Shiyi Hong Qiaojian Zhang Jiayu Xu Guiping Hu Xiaojun Zhu Fang Yuan Shanfa Yu Tianchen Wang Guang Jia Department of Occupational and Environmental health Sciences School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China school of Engineering Medicine and Beijing Advanced innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China National Center for Occupational Safety and health Beijing 102308China Department of Occupational health and Radiological health Chongqing Centers for Disease Control and PreventionChongqing 400042China Henan institute for Occupational Medicine Zhengzhou 450052China Department of Clinical Laboratory Third Hospital of Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China

Hexavalent chromium and its compounds are prevalent pollutants,especially in the work environment,pose a significant risk for multisystem toxicity and cancers.While it is known that chromium accumulation in the liver can cause damage,the dose-response relationship between blood chromium(Cr)and liver injury,as well as the possible potential toxic mechanisms involved,remains poorly understood.To address this,we conducted a follow-up study of 590 visits from 305 participants to investigate the associations of blood Cr with biomarkers for liver injury,including serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total bilirubin(TBIL),and direct bilirubin(DBIL),and to evaluate the mediating effects of systemic inflammation.Platelet(PLT)and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)were utilized as biomarkers of systemic inflammation.In the linear mixed-effects analyses,each 1-unit increase in blood Cr level was associated with estimated effect percentage increases of 0.82%(0.11%,1.53%)in TBIL,1.67%(0.06%,3.28%)in DBIL,0.73%(0.04%,1.43%)in ALT and 2.08%(0.29%,3.87%)in AST,respectively.Furthermore,PLT mediated 10.04%,11.35%,and 10.77%increases in TBIL,DBIL,and ALT levels induced by chromate,respectively.In addition,PLR mediated 8.26%and 15.58%of the association between blood Cr and TBIL or ALT.These findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying blood Cr-induced liver injury,which is partly due to worsening systemic inflammation.

关键词： Blood chromate Liver injury Systemic inflammation Mediation analysis

Selenium,Type-2 Diabetes,and the Possible Protective Role of Vitamin D

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biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期37卷 661-665页

作者： Runxue Ma Ce Liu Ling Zhang Jingzhe Guo Erkai Zhou Ling Zheng Li He Xiaobing Shan Yunhui Yu Bin Luo institute of Occupational health and Environmental health School of Public HealthLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000GansuChina

Diabetes is a pervasive and serious global health issue.According to the International Diabetes Federation report,463 million adults worldwide were living with diabetes in 2019,and this number is projected to reach 70... 详细信息

关键词： Diabetes Selenium Vitamin

Variations in the Prevalence of Anemia of Varying Severity Among Urban Non-Pregnant Women—China,2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第10期6卷 175-180页

作者： Xiaoxi Liu Bo Wang Sailimai Man Heling Bao Yuanyuan Huang Canqing Yu Jun Lyu Linhong Wang Liming Li Hui Liu institute of Medical Information Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Peking University health Science Center Meinian public health institute BeijingChina Meinian institute of health BeijingChina Peking University Center for public health and Epidemic Preparedness&Response BeijingChina Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijingChina National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Anemia is a significant public health issue affecting women globally.Prior studies in China predominantly concentrated on anemia in pregnant or reproductiveage women,leav... 详细信息

关键词： Anemia anemia China.

The relationship between compartment models and their stochastic counterparts:A comparative study with examples of the COVID-19 epidemic modeling

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Journal of biomedical Research 2024年第2期38卷 175-188,I0016-I0018页

作者： Ziyu Zhao Yi Zhou Jinxing Guan Yan Yan Jing Zhao Zhihang Peng Feng Chen Yang Zhao Fang Shao Department of Biostatistics School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China Nanjing Hanwei public health Research institute Co. LtdNanjingJiangsu 210005China China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human health Center for Global HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China The Center of biomedical Big Data and the Laboratory of biomedical Big Data Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China

Deterministic compartment models(CMs)and stochastic models,including stochastic CMs and agent-based models,are widely utilized in epidemic modeling.However,the relationship between CMs and their corresponding stochastic models is not well understood.The present study aimed to address this gap by conducting a comparative study using the susceptible,exposed,infectious,and recovered(SEIR)model and its extended CMs from the coronavirus disease 2019 modeling literature.We demonstrated the equivalence of the numerical solution of CMs using the Euler scheme and their stochastic counterparts through theoretical analysis and simulations.Based on this equivalence,we proposed an efficient model calibration method that could replicate the exact solution of CMs in the corresponding stochastic models through parameter adjustment.The advancement in calibration techniques enhanced the accuracy of stochastic modeling in capturing the dynamics of epidemics.However,it should be noted that discrete-time stochastic models cannot perfectly reproduce the exact solution of continuous-time CMs.Additionally,we proposed a new stochastic compartment and agent mixed model as an alternative to agent-based models for large-scale population simulations with a limited number of agents.This model offered a balance between computational efficiency and accuracy.The results of this research contributed to the comparison and unification of deterministic CMs and stochastic models in epidemic modeling.Furthermore,the results had implications for the development of hybrid models that integrated the strengths of both frameworks.Overall,the present study has provided valuable epidemic modeling techniques and their practical applications for understanding and controlling the spread of infectious diseases.

关键词： compartment models agent-based models compartment-agent mixed models comparative study COVID-19

Predictive Ability of Hypertriglyceridemic Waist,Hypertriglyceridemic Waist-to-Height Ratio,and Waist-to-Hip Ratio for Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Clustering Screening among Chinese Children and Adolescents

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biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期37卷 233-241页

作者： XIAO Tian Li YUAN Shu Qian GAO Jing Yu Julien SBaker YANG Yi De WANG Xi Jie ZHENG Chan Juan DONG Yan Hui ZOU Zhi Yong Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province School of MedicineHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081HunanChina The institute of Interdisciplinary Studies Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Chenzhou First People's Hospital Chenzhou 423000HunanChina Centre for health and Exercise Science Research Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong Kong 999077China Department of Sport Physical Education and HealthHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong Kong 999077China Vanke school of public health Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China institute of Child and Adolescent health School of Public HealthPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China

Objective Hypertriglyceridemic waist(HW),hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height ratio(HWHtR),and waist-to-hip ratio(WHR)have been shown to be indicators of cardiometabolic risk factors.However,it is not clear which indicator is more suitable for children and adolescents.We aimed to investigate the relationship between HW,HWHtR,WHR,and cardiovascular risk factors clustering to determine the best screening tools for cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents.Methods This was a national cross-sectional study.Anthropometric and biochemical variables were assessed in approximately 70,000 participants aged 6–18 years from seven provinces in China.Demographics,physical activity,dietary intake,and family history of chronic diseases were obtained through questionnaires.ANOVA,χ2 and logistic regression analysis was conducted.Results A significant sex difference was observed for HWHtR and WHR,but not for HW phenotype.The risk of cardiometabolic health risk factor clustering with HW phenotype or the HWHtR phenotype was significantly higher than that with the non-HW or non-HWHtR phenotypes among children and adolescents(HW:OR=12.22,95%CI:9.54-15.67;HWHtR:OR=9.70,95%CI:6.93-13.58).Compared with the HW and HWHtR phenotypes,the association between risk of cardiometabolic health risk factors(CHRF)clustering and high WHR was much weaker and not significant(WHR:OR=1.14,95%CI:0.97-1.34).Conclusion Compared with HWHtR and WHR,the HW phenotype is a more convenient indicator with higher applicability to screen children and adolescents for cardiovascular risk factors.

关键词： Hypertriglyceridemic waist Waist-to-hip ratio Children and adolescents China Hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height ratio Cardiovascular risk factors

The secondary injury cascade after spinal cord injury: an analysis of local cytokine/chemokine regulation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1308-1317页

作者： Daniel J.Hellenbrand Charles M.Quinn Zachariah J.Piper Ryan T.Elder Raveena R.Mishra Taylor L.Marti Phoebe M.Omuro Rylie M.Roddick Jae Sung Lee William L.Murphy Amgad S.Hanna Department of Neurosurgery University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health Department of biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Forward BIO institute University of Wisconsin-Madison

After spinal cord injury, there is an extensive infiltration of immune cells, which exacerbates the injury and leads to further neural degeneration. Therefore, a major aim of current research involves targeting the immune response as a treatment for spinal cord injury. Although much research has been performed analyzing the complex inflammatory process following spinal cord injury, there remain major discrepancies within previous literature regarding the timeline of local cytokine regulation. The objectives of this study were to establish an overview of the timeline of cytokine regulation for 2 weeks after spinal cord injury, identify sexual dimorphisms in terms of cytokine levels, and determine local cytokines that significantly change based on the severity of spinal cord injury. Rats were inflicted with either a mild contusion, moderate contusion, severe contusion, or complete transection, 7 mm of spinal cord centered on the injury was harvested at varying times post-injury, and tissue homogenates were analyzed with a Cytokine/Chemokine 27-Plex assay. Results demonstrated pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were all upregulated after spinal cord injury, but returned to uninjured levels within approximately 24 hours post-injury, while chemokines including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 remained upregulated for days post-injury. In contrast, several anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors including interleukin-10 and vascular endothelial growth factor were downregulated by 7 days post-injury. After spinal cord injury, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, which specifically affects astrocytes involved in glial scar development, increased more than all other cytokines tested, reaching 26.9-fold higher than uninjured rats. After a mild injury, 11 cytokines demonstrated sexual dimorphisms; however, after a severe contusion only leptin levels were different between female and male rats. In conclusion, pro-inflammatory cytokines initiate the inf

关键词： astrocytes chemokines cytokines inflammation macrophages microglia secondary damage spinal cord injury

Epidemiological Surveillance: Genetic Diversity of Rotavirus Group A in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong, China in 2019

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biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期37卷 278-293页

作者： JIANG Jie Ying LIANG Dan WANG Li XIAO Yun LIANG Yu Feng KE Bi Xia SU Juan XIAO Hong WANG Tao ZOU Min LI Hong Jian KE Chang Wen school of public health Shantou UniversityShantou 515063GuangdongChina Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and PreventionGuangzhou 511430GuangdongChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology Institute of Medical MicrobiologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632GuangdongChina school of public health Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275GuangdongChina school of public health Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515GuangdongChina Shantou University Medical College Shantou 515041GuangdongChina

Objective This study aimed to understand the epidemic status and phylogenetic relationships of rotavirus group A(RVA)in the Pearl River Delta region of Guangdong Province,China.Methods This study included individuals aged 28 days–85 years.A total of 706 stool samples from patients with acute gastroenteritis collected between January 2019 and January 2020 were analyzed for 17 causative pathogens,including RVA,using a Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel,followed by genotyping,virus isolation,and complete sequencing to assess the genetic diversity of RVA.Results The overall RVA infection rate was 14.59%(103/706),with an irregular epidemiological pattern.The proportion of co-infection with RVA and other pathogens was 39.81%(41/103).Acute gastroenteritis is highly prevalent in young children aged 0–1 year,and RVA is the key pathogen circulating in patients 6–10 months of age with diarrhea.G9P[8](58.25%,60/103)was found to be the predominant genotype in the RVA strains,and the 41 RVA-positive strains that were successfully sequenced belonged to three different RVA genotypes in the phylogenetic analysis.Recombination analysis showed that gene reassortment events,selection pressure,codon usage bias,gene polymorphism,and post-translational modifications(PTMs)occurred in the G9P[8]and G3P[8]strains.Conclusion This study provides molecular evidence of RVA prevalence in the Pearl River Delta region of China,further enriching the existing information on its genetics and evolutionary characteristics and suggesting the emergence of genetic diversity.Strengthening the surveillance of genotypic changes and gene reassortment in RVA strains is essential for further research and a better understanding of strain variations for further vaccine development.

关键词： Infectious diarrheal disease Rotavirus Phylogenetic analysis Gene rearrangement Codon usage bias Genetic diversity

Nitrate reduction capacity of the oral microbiota is impaired in periodontitis:potential implications for systemic nitric oxide availability

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 52-61页

作者： Bob T.Rosier William Johnston Miguel Carda-Diéguez Annabel Simpson Elena Cabello-Yeves Krystyna Piela Robert Reilly Alejandro Artacho Chris Easton Mia Burleigh Shauna Culshaw Alex Mira Department of Genomics and health FISABIO FoundationCenter for Advanced Research in Public HealthValenciaSpain Department of Biological and biomedical Sciences Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowUK Oral Sciences University of Glasgow Dental SchoolSchool of MedicineDentistry and NursingCollege of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK Sport and Physical Activity Research institute University of the West of ScotlandBlantyreScotland Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(IBV-CSIC)ValenciaSpain CIBER Center for Epidemiology and public health MadridSpain

The reduction of nitrate to nitrite by the oral microbiota has been proposed to be important for oral health and results in nitric oxide formation that can improve cardiometabolic conditions. Studies of bacterial composition in subgingival plaque suggest that nitrate-reducing bacteria are associated with periodontal health, but the impact of periodontitis on nitrate-reducing capacity(NRC)and, therefore, nitric oxide availability has not been evaluated. The current study aimed to evaluate how periodontitis affects the NRC of the oral microbiota. First, 16S rRNA sequencing data from five different countries were analyzed, revealing that nitratereducing bacteria were significantly lower in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients compared with healthy individuals(P healthy individuals. Salivary NRC was found to be diminished in periodontal patients before treatment(P healthy levels 90 days post-treatment. Additionally, the subgingival levels of nitrate-reducing bacteria increased after treatment and correlated negatively with periodontitis-associated bacteria(P health should be explored in future studies.

关键词： impaired intake nitrate

The burden of depression,anxiety and schizophrenia among the older population in ageing and aged countries:an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 83-93页

作者： Ying Cheng Yu Fang Jinxin Zheng shiyang Guan Meiti Wang Wu Hong Shanghai Mental health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Nephrology Rujin HospitalInstitute of NephrologyInstitute of NephrologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina school of Global health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina

Background Depression,anxiety and schizophrenia among older persons have become global public health challenges.However,the burden of these disorders in ageing and aged countries has not been analysed.Aims To investigate the burden of depression,anxiety and schizophrenia among older adults in ageing and aged countries.Methods Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019,we calculated the estimated annual percentage change(EAPC)in the age-standardised incidence rates(ASiR)and age-standardised disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)rates(ASDR)for depression,anxiety and schizophrenia of older people in ageing countries(China,India,Indonesia)and aged countries(Japan,Italy,Portugal)between 1990 and 2019.Trends in incidence and DALYs were analysed by gender and age.Results In 2019,the highest incidence of depression,anxiety and schizophrenia in the older population in aged countries was in Japan(927271.3(752552.3-1125796.5),51498.2(37625.7-70487.3)and 126.0(61.0-223.2),respectively),while the highest incidence in ageing countries was in China(5797556.9(4599403.4-7133006.5),330256.1(246448.9-445987.4)and 1067.7(556.2-1775.9),respectively).DALYs for these disorders were similar,with the highest in Japan and China.From 1990 to 2019,the ASIR for depressive disorders decreased in aged countries but increased in ageing countries;the ASIR for anxiety disorders and schizophrenia declined in both ageing and aged countries.The ASDR for depressive disorders was consistent with the ASIR but not for anxiety disorders and schizophrenia.The ASIR for depressive disorders was higher in older women,while the opposite was observed in anxiety disorders and schizophrenia.Notably,the conditions of burden of depressive disorders,anxiety disorders and schizophrenia in the 65-70-year-old age group were the most burdensome.Conclusions The incidence and DALYs of these three mental disorders increased while exhibiting differences between ageing and aged countries.Raising awareness about formulating health policies for preventing and trea

关键词： schizophrenia burden ageing