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The Impact of physiotherapy Interventions on the Elderly Population with Mental Health Conditions at Chainama Hills College Hospital in Zambia. A Pre-Post Single Sample Study Design

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2024年第2期12卷 160-173页

作者： Bibi Mwanatambwe Phiri Martha Banda Chalwe Margaret Mweshi Loveness Anila Nkhata Department of physiotherapy Chainama Hills Hospital Lusaka Zambia school of Health Sciences Department of Physiotherapy University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Background: Physical functional decline is common among elderly individuals with mental disorders, worsening their symptoms. physiotherapy interventions have shown some evidence in improving physical function and mental health outcomes in this population. This study aimed to assess the impact of physiotherapy interventions on the elderly with mental health conditions at Chainama Hills College Hospital in Zambia. Methods: A pre-post single sample design was used to track patient progress over six weeks, with 10 physiotherapy sessions. The study population (N = 30) comprised of all elderly individuals with mental health conditions, encompassing both men and women, who were hospitalized during the research period. The Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living and the six-minute walk test were evaluated before and after the intervention. The IBM SPSS version 26 was used to analyze data and results were presented as mean ± SD with a 95% confidence interval. The variables were described in terms of their mean, SD, and range. A significance level of 0.05 was used for a paired T-test to detect changes and multiple logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with mental health. Results: Following the intervention, the percentage of participants achieving full function and independence increased significantly to 96.7% from the initial 73.3%, supported by a 95% CI = [0.82 - 0.99]. There was also a notable decrease in the proportion of individuals experiencing moderate impairment, dropping from 26.7% to just 3.3%, with a corresponding 95% CI = [0.00 - 0.17]. Conclusion: The findings derived from this study illustrate an enhancement in the aspects of participants’ overall health and functional condition, including blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate. Consequently, physiotherapy exercises can be employed as a tactic to ameliorate the functional status and physical well-being of older individuals afflicted with mental disorders in Zambia.

关键词： Elderly Mental Health Conditions physiotherapy Exercise

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Effectiveness of craniosacral therapy,Bowen therapy,static touch and standard exercise program on sleep quality in fibromyalgia syndrome:A randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期22卷 473-483页

作者： Reepa Avichal Ughreja Prem Venkatesan Dharmanand Balebail Gopalakrishna Yogesh Preet Singh Vani Lakshmi R Department of physiotherapy Manipal College of Health ProfessionsManipal Academy of Higher Education Department of Rheumatology Manipal Hospital Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Data Science Prasanna School of Public HealthManipal Academy of Higher Education

Background:Sleep disturbance is commonly seen in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS);however,high quality studies involving manual therapies that target FMS-linked poor sleep quality are lacking for the Indian population.Objective:Craniosacral therapy (CST),Bowen therapy and exercises have been found to influence the autonomic nervous system,which plays a crucial role in sleep physiology.Given the paucity of evidence concerning these effects in individuals with FMS,our study tests the effectiveness of CST,Bowen therapy and a standard exercise program against static touch (the manual placebo group) on sleep quality in FMS.Design,setting,participants and intervention:A placebo-controlled randomized trial was conducted on132 FMS participants with poor sleep at a hospital in Bangalore.The participants were randomly allocated to one of the four study groups,including CST,Bowen therapy,standard exercise program,and a manual placebo control group that received static touch.CST,Bowen therapy and static touch treatments were administered in once-weekly 45-minute sessions for 12 weeks;the standard exercise group received weekly supervised exercises for 6 weeks with home exercises until 12 weeks.After 12 weeks,all study participants performed the standard exercises at home for another 12 weeks.Main outcome measures:Sleep quality,pressure pain threshold (PPT),quality of life and fibromyalgia impact,physical function,fatigue,pain catastrophizing,kinesiophobia,and positive–negative affect were recorded at baseline,and at weeks 12 and 24 of the intervention.Results:At the end of 12 weeks,the sleep quality improved significantly in the CST group (P=0.037) and Bowen therapy group (P=0.023),and the PPT improved significantly in the Bowen therapy group(P=0.002) and the standard exercise group (P<0.001),compared to the static touch group.These improvements were maintained at 24 weeks.No between-group differences were observed for other secondary outcomes.Conclusion:CST and Bowen therapy improved sleep quality,and Bowen therapy and standard

关键词： Chronic pain Complementary therapies Exercise Fibromyalgia Musculoskeletal manipulations Sleep

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Safety and effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in cardiac surgery:A systematic review

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第1期16卷 27-39页

作者： Christos Kourek Marios Kanellopoulos Vasiliki Raidou Michalis Antonopoulos Eleftherios Karatzanos Irini Patsaki Stavros Dimopoulos Medical school of Athens National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 15772Greece Clinical Ergospirometry Exercise and Rehabilitation LaboratoryEvangelismos HospitalAthens 10676Greece Intensive Care Unit Onassis Cardiac Surgery CenterKallithea 17674Greece Department of physiotherapy University of West AtticaAthens 12243Greece

BACKGROUND Lack of mobilization and prolonged stay in the intensive care unit(ICU)are major factors resulting in the development of ICU-acquired muscle weakness(ICUAW).ICUAW is a type of skeletal muscle dysfunction and a common complication of patients after cardiac surgery,and may be a risk factor for prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation,associated with a higher risk of readmission and higher mortality.Early mobilization in the ICU after cardiac surgery has been found to be low with a significant trend to increase over ICU stay and is also associated with a reduced duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay.Neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES)is an alternative modality of exercise in patients with muscle weakness.A major advantage of NMES is that it can be applied even in sedated patients in the ICU,a fact that might enhance early mobilization in these patients.AIM To evaluate safety,feasibility and effectiveness of NMES on functional capacity and muscle strength in patients before and after cardiac surgery.METHODS We performed a search on Pubmed,physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro),Embase and CINAHL databases,selecting papers published between December 2012 and April 2023 and identified published randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that included implementation of NMES in patients before after cardiac surgery.RCTs were assessed for methodological rigor and risk of bias via the PEDro.The primary outcomes were safety and functional capacity and the secondary outcomes were muscle strength and function.RESULTS Ten studies were included in our systematic review,resulting in 703 participants.Almost half of them performed NMES and the other half were included in the control group,treated with usual care.Nine studies investigated patients after cardiac surgery and 1 study before cardiac surgery.Functional capacity was assessed in 8 studies via 6MWT or other indices,and improved only in 1 study before and in 1 after cardiac surgery.Nine studies explored the effects of NMES on muscle strength

关键词： Neuromuscular electrical stimulation Cardiac surgery coronary artery bypass grafting Heart valve replacement Peak VO2 Safety

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Adolescent suicide risk factors and the integration of socialemotional skills in school-based prevention programs

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 494-506页

作者： Xin-Qiao Liu Xin Wang school of Education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Adolescents are considered one of the most vulnerable groups affected by suicide.Rapid changes in adolescents’physical and mental states,as well as in their lives,significantly and undeniably increase the risk of suicide.Psychological,social,family,individual,and environmental factors are important risk factors for suicidal behavior among teenagers and may contribute to suicide risk through various direct,indirect,or combined pathways.Social-emotional learning is considered a powerful intervention measure for addressing the crisis of adolescent suicide.When deliberately cultivated,fostered,and enhanced,selfawareness,self-management,social awareness,interpersonal skills,and responsible decision-making,as the five core competencies of social-emotional learning,can be used to effectively target various risk factors for adolescent suicide and provide necessary mental and interpersonal support.Among numerous suicide intervention methods,school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence have shown great potential in preventing and addressing suicide risk factors in adolescents.The characteristics of school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence,including their appropriateness,necessity,cost-effectiveness,comprehensiveness,and effectiveness,make these interventions an important means of addressing the crisis of adolescent suicide.To further determine the potential of school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence and better address the issue of adolescent suicide,additional financial support should be provided,the combination of socialemotional learning and other suicide prevention programs within schools should be fully leveraged,and cooperation between schools and families,society,and other environments should be maximized.These efforts should be considered future research directions.

关键词： Adolescent suicide Risk factors Social-emotional skills Social and emotional learning school Prevention

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The great catastrophe: causes of the Permo-Triassic marine mass extinction

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 37-50页

作者： Paul B.Wignall David P.G.Bond school of Earth & Environment University of Leeds school of Environmental Sciences University of Hull

The marine losses during the Permo-Triassic mass extinction were the worst ever experienced. All groups were badly affected, especially amongst the benthos(e.g. brachiopods, corals, bryozoans, foraminifers,ostracods). Planktonic populations underwent a fundamental change with eukaryotic algae being replaced by nitrogen-fixing bacteria, green-sulphur bacteria, sulphate-reducing bacteria and prasinophytes. Detailed studies of boundary sections, especially those in South China, have resolved the crisis to a ～55 kyr interval straddling the Permo-Triassic boundary. Many of the losses occur at the beginning and end of this interval painting a picture of a two-phase extinction. Improved knowledge of the extinction has been supported by numerous geochemical studies that allow diverse proposed extinction mechanisms to be studied. A transition from oxygenated to anoxic-euxinic conditions is seen in most sections globally, although the intensity and timing shows regional variability. Decreased ocean ventilation coincides with rapidly rising temperatures and many extinction scenarios attribute the losses to both anoxia and high temperatures.Other kill mechanisms include ocean acidification for which there is conflicting support from geochemical proxies and, even less likely, siltation(burial under a massive influx of terrigenous sediment) which lacks substantive sedimentological evidence. The ultimate driver of the catastrophic changes at the end of the Permian was likely Siberian Trap eruptions and their associated carbon dioxide emissions with consequences such as warming, ocean stagnation and acidification. Volcanic winter episodes stemming from Siberian volcanism have also been linked to the crisis, but the short-term nature of these episodes(

关键词： ocean anoxia ocean acidification siltation productivity collapse volcanic winter

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Short-term effects of cupping and scraping therapy for chronic nonspecific low-back pain:A prospective,multicenter randomized trial

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 39-45页

作者： Jun-yan He Xiao-yu Tu Zi-fei Yin Hui Mu Ming-jun Luo Xing-yu Chen Wei-bin Cai Xue Zhao Can Peng Fan-fu Fang Can Lü Bai Li school of Traditional Chinese Medicine Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and physiotherapy the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Training PLA 458 HospitalGuangzhou 510602Guangdong ProvinceChina No.3 Ward of Acupuncture Rehabilitation Department Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalGuangzhou 510095Guangdong ProvinceChina

Background As one of the most common musculoskeletal ailments,chronic nonspecific low-back pain(CNLBP)causes persistent disability and substantial medical expenses.Epidemiological evidence shows that the incidence rate of CNLBP in young and middle-aged people who are demanded rapidly recovery and social contribution is rising.Recent guidelines indicate a reduced role for medicines in the management of CNLBP.Objective The present study investigates the short-term effects of cupping and scraping therapy using a medicated balm,compared to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug(NSAID)with a capsaicin plaster,in the treatment of CNLBP.Design,setting,participants and interventions We designed a prospective multicenter randomized clinical trial enrolling patients from January 1,2022 to December 31,2022.A total of 156 patients with CNLBP were randomized into two parallel groups.Diclofenac sodium-sustained release tablets were administered orally to participants in the control group for one week while a capsaicin plaster was applied externally.Patients in the test group were treated with cupping and scraping using a medical device and medicated balm.Main outcome measures Primary outcome was pain recorded using the visual analogue scale(VAS).Two secondary outcomes were recorded using the Japanese Orthopedic Association low-back pain scale(JOA)and the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome integral scale(TCMS)as assessment tools.Results Between baseline and postintervention,all changes in outcome metric scales were statistically significant(P<0.001).Compared to the control group,patients in the test group had a significantly greater treatment effect in all outcome variables,as indicated by lower VAS and TCMS scores and higher JOA scores,after the one-week intervention period(P<0.001).Further,according to the findings of multivariate linear regression analysis,the participants’pain(VAS score)was related to their marital status,age,smoking habits and body mass index.No adverse reactions were reported for any participants in t

关键词： Chronic nonspecific low-back pain Traditional Chinese medicine Cupping and scraping therapy

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Comprehensive and personalized approach is a critical area for developing remote cardiac rehabilitation programs

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第12期12卷 2009-2015页

作者： Garyfallia Pepera Varsamo Antoniou Jing Jing Su Rose Lin Ladislav Batalik Clinical Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Research Laboratory Department of PhysiotherapyFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ThessalyLamia GR35100Greece school of Nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China University of Rochester school of Nursing New YorkNY 14602United States Department of Rehabilitation University Hospital BrnoBrno 62500Czech Republic Department of Public Health Faculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrno 62500Czech Republic

In the evolving landscape of cardiac rehabilitation(CR),adopting digital technologies,including synchronous/real-time digital interventions and smart applications,has emerged as a transformative approach.These technologies offer realtime health data access,continuous vital sign monitoring,and personalized educational enhanced patient self-management and engagement.Despite their potential benefits,challenges and limitations exist,necessitating careful consideration.Synchronous/real-time digital CR involves remote,two-way audiovisual communication,addressing issues of accessibility and promoting home-based interventions.Smart applications extend beyond traditional healthcare,providing real-time health data and fostering patient empowerment.Wearable devices and mobile apps enable continuous monitoring,tracking of rehabilitation outcomes,and facilitate lifestyle modifications crucial for cardiac health maintenance.As digital CR progresses,ensuring patient access,equitable implementation,and addressing the digital divide becomes paramount.Artificial intelligence holds promise in the early detection of cardiac events and tailoring patient-specific CR programs.However,challenges such as digital literacy,data privacy,and security must be addressed to ensure inclusive implementation.Moreover,the shift toward digital CR raises concerns about cost,safety,and potential depersonalization of therapeutic relationships.A transformative shift towards technologically enabled CR necessitates further research,focusing not only on technological advancements but also on customization to meet diverse patient needs.Overcoming challenges related to cost,safety,data security,and potential depersonalization is crucial for the widespread adoption of digital CR.Future studies should explore integrating moral values into digital therapeutic relationships and ensure that digital CR is accessible,equitable,and seamlessly integrated into routine cardiac care.Theoretical frameworks that accommodate the dynamic quality of real-time monitoring and

关键词： Cardiac rehabilitation Digital approaches Remote care Equity in technology access Synchronous/real-time interventions Digital innovation in healthcare

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Device-measured physical activity and sedentary time in the Nordic countries:A scoping review of population-based studies

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 650-660页

作者： Ing-Mari Dohrn Jakob Tarp Jostein Steene-Johannessen Tommi Vasankari Maria Hagströmer Division of physiotherapy Department of NeurobiologyCare Sciences and SocietyKarolinska Institutet14183 HuddingeSweden Department of Sports Medicine Norwegian School of Sports Sciences0806 OsloNorway UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research 33500 TampereFinland Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere University33100 TampereFinland Academic Primary Health Care Centre Region Stockholm13365 StockholmSweden

Purpose:The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize and describe the methodology and results from population-based studies of physical activity and sedentary time measured with devices in the Nordic countries(Denmark,Finland,Iceland,Norway,and Sweden)and published in 2000 or later.Methods:A systematic search was carried out in PubMed and Web of Science in June 2023 using predefined search terms.Results:Fourteen unique research projects or surveillance studies were identified.Additionally,2 surveillance studies published by national agencies were included,resulting in a total of 16 studies for inclusion.National surveillance systems exist in Finland and Norway,with regular survey waves in school-aged children/adolescents and adults.In Denmark,recent nationally representative data have been collected in school children only.So far,Sweden has no regular national surveillance system using device-based data collection.No studies were found from Iceland.The first study was conducted in 2001 and the most recent in 2022,with most data collected from 2016 to date.Five studies included children/adole scents 6-18 years,no study included preschoolers.In total 11 studies included adults,of which 8 also covered older adults.No study focused specifically on older adults.The analytical sample size ranged from 205 to 27,890.Detailed methodology is presented,such as information on sampling strategy,device type and placement,wear protocols,and physical activity classification schemes.Levels of physical activity and sedentary time in children/adolescents,adults,and older adults across the Nordic countries are presented.Conclusion:A growing implementation of device-based population surveillance of physical activity and sedentary behavior in the Nordic countries has been identified.The variety of devices,placement,and data procedures both within and between the Nordic countries highlights the challenges when it comes to comparing study outcomes as well as the need for more standardized data collection.

关键词： Accelerometer Light intensity Moderate-vigorous intensity Surveillance Wearable devices

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Characterization of size-resolved effective density of atmospheric particles in an urban atmosphere in Southern China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 194-204页

作者： Tingting Xie Liming Cao Jinyi Zheng Peng Xuan Xiaofeng Huang Laboratory of Atmospheric Observation Supersite School of Environment and EnergyPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China

Effective density(ρ_(eff))is one of the most important physical properties of atmospheric particles,providing important references in exploring the emissions and aging processes of fresh particles.In this study,a combined system of differential mobility analyzer,centrifugal particle mass analyzer,and condensation particle counter was used to periodically measure theρ_(eff)of atmospheric particles in Shenzhen from Oct.2021 to Jan.2022.Results showed that theρ_(eff)of particles with various size presented a bimodal distribution,which could be divided into main density(ρ_(m),main peak,corresponding to relatively dense particles after aging)and sub density(ρ_(s),sub peak,corresponding to fresh particles).The occurrence frequencies ofρ_(s)of particles with diameters of 50 and 80 nm were less than 20%,but were as high as about 40%of that with diameters from 120 to 350 nm.Theρ_(m)showed increasing trend with the size of particles,whileρ_(s)decreased as the increasing of the size of particles.Theρ_(eff)on pollution day varied significantly with chemical compositions.The increasing of the proportion of sulfate could promote the increasing ofρ_(eff),while black carbon and organic matter caused opposite effects,which may be related to various factors,including the difference of the material density and morphology of various chemical components.Theρ_(eff)of 50,80 and 120 nm particles decreased considerably during the new particle formation event,indicating that organic condensation was an important contributor to new particle growth.

关键词： DMA-CPMA-CPC Effective density Main/sub density Size distribution

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A Mean-Field Game for a Forward-Backward Stochastic System With Partial Observation and Common Noise

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第3期11卷 746-759页

作者： Pengyan Huang Guangchen Wang Shujun Wang Hua Xiao the school of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University the school of Statistics and Mathematics Shandong University of Finance and Economics IEEE the school of Management Shandong University the school of Mathematics and Statistics Shandong University

This paper considers a linear-quadratic(LQ) meanfield game governed by a forward-backward stochastic system with partial observation and common noise,where a coupling structure enters state equations,cost functionals and observation equations.Firstly,to reduce the complexity of solving the meanfield game,a limiting control problem is introduced.By virtue of the decomposition approach,an admissible control set is proposed.Applying a filter technique and dimensional-expansion technique,a decentralized control strategy and a consistency condition system are derived,and the related solvability is also addressed.Secondly,we discuss an approximate Nash equilibrium property of the decentralized control strategy.Finally,we work out a financial problem with some numerical simulations.

关键词： Decentralized control strategy ϵ-Nash equilibrium forward-backward stochastic system mean-field game partial observation

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