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A new nonfullerene acceptor with an extended π conjugation core enables ternary organic solar cells approaching 19%efficiency

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4062-4068页

作者： Chunyan Liu Nailiang Qiu Zhengjin Li Yan Lu school of Materials Science and engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and DevicesKey Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric DevicesMinistry of EducationTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China school of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and MaterialsJining UniversityQufu 273155China

In organic solar cells(OSCs),it is an effective way to improve the power conversion efficiency(PCE)by adding a guest component with appropriate absorption and energy levels in the host system.Herein,a new nonfullerene acceptor(NFA)named TBF-2Cl was developed by the strategy of expanding theπconjugated core of 2,2’-(((4,4,9,9-tetrahexyl-4,9-dihydro-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b’]dithiophene-2,7-diyl)bis(methaneylylidene))bis(5,6-dichloro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile(IDT-4Cl)with two benzene rings.With increase of benzene units,TBF-2Cl exhibits higher lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)level of-3.75 eV than that of one benzene unit based NFA IDT-4Cl and fluorene core based NFA F-2Cl,which facilitates enhancing the open-circuit voltage(V_(oc))of ternary devices.Moreover,TBF-2Cl film shows a medium optical bandgap with the absorption range from 500-800 nm,being well complementary with the wide bandgap polymer donor D18 and narrow bandgap NFA CH-6F.Accordingly,a remarkable PCE of 18.92%with a high short-circuit current density(J_(sc))of 27.40 mA·cm^(-2),a fill factor(FF)of 0.749,especially an outstanding V_(oc) of 0.922 V was achieved for the optimal ternary device based on D18:TBF-2Cl:CH-6F,surpassing the binary counterpart(17.08%).The findings provide insight into the development of new guest acceptors for obtaining more efficient OSCs.

关键词： medium optical bandgap high lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)level the third component ternary organic solar cell high open-circuit voltage

Constructing a 3D multichannel structure to enhance performance of Ni–Co–Mn hydroxide electrodes for flexible supercapacitors

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 148-163页

作者： Zhi-Hui Xu Shi-Shuai Sun Xue-Lei Li Zhi-Hui Zhang Hai-Ying Li Shuang-Ting Ruan Shou-Gen Yin Key Laboratory of Display Materials and photoelectric Devices(Ministry of Education)and Tianjin Key Laboratory for photoelectric Materials and Devices School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China College of Science Tianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China school of Materials Science and engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot 010051China

The balancing of the electrochemical performance,mechanical stability,and processing technology for applying supercapacitors to flexible and wearable electronics continues to encounter severe challenges.Herein,we prepare Ni-Co-Mn hydroxide electrodes with a threedimensional multichannel structure via a simple hydrothermal method.These are constructed using vertically contiguous nano sheets with a uniform thickness and rough surface.The electrodes can provide numerous electroactive sites and accelerate the transmission of electrolyte ions.The relationship between the structure and electrochemical performances is verified by experiments and theoretical calculations.Two-dimensional(2D)planar and one-dimensional(1D)fiber electrodes are prepared using a flexible carbon cloth(CC)and carbon fiber(CF),respectively,as substrates.The assembled quasi-solid-state flexible asymmetric supercapacitor(FASC)with a twodimensional sandwich structure using NiCoMn-OH/CC as the electrode achieves a remarkable energy density of73.8 Wh·kg^(-1)at a power density of 1.03 kW·kg^(-1).The quasi-solid-state FASC with a 1D linear structure using NiCoMn-OH/CF as the electrode also attains a high energy density(12.9 Wh·kg^(-1)at a power density of0.75 W·kg^(-1)).Moreover,the electrochemical performances of the NiCoMn/CC//AC/CC and NiCoMn/CF//AC/CF FASCs are not disturbed at different bending angles(0°,45°,90°,135°and 180°),This indicates the superior flexibility of the devices.We also assemble a self-powered energy-harvesting storage system by integrating FASCs and commercial solar cells to verify its practicability.It displays sustainable development potential for energy storage.

关键词： Supercapacitors Flexible Ni–Co–Mn hydroxide 3D multichannel structure High performances

∼2.5 nm pores in carbon-based cathode promise better zinc-iodine batteries

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 471-476页

作者： Yajun Hou Chuanzheng Zhu Qiang Wang Xiaomeng Zhao Kun Luo Zongshuai Gong Zhihao Yuan school of Materials Science and engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials&DevicesTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China

The relationship mechanism between the material pore structures and cathodic iodine chemistry plays a vital role in efficient Zn-I_(2) batteries,but is unclear,retarding further advances.This work innovatively indicates a great contribution of∼2.5nm pore structure of nanocarbons to efficient iodine adsorption,rapid I^(−)↔I_(2) conversion,and polyiodide inhibition,via scrupulously designing catalysts with controllable pore sizes systematically.The I_(2)-loading within the designed nitrogen-doped nanocarbons can reach up to as high as 60.8 wt%.The batteries based on the cathode deliver impressive performances with a large capacity of 178.8 mAh/g and long-term cycling stability more than 4000 h at 5.0 C.Notably,these is no polyiodide such as I_(3)−and I_(5)−detected during the charge-discharge processes from comprehensive electrochemical cyclic voltammetry,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and Raman technique.This work provides a novel knowledge-guided concept for rational pore design,promising better Zn-I_(2) batteries,which is also hoped to benefit other advanced energy technologies,such as Li-S,Li-ion,and Al-I_(2) batteries.

关键词： Zinc-iodine batteries Structure-performance relationship Iodine conversion chemistry Cathode materials Porous carbon

All‑Covalent Organic Framework Nanofilms Assembled Lithium‑Ion Capacitor to Solve the Imbalanced Charge Storage Kinetics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 246-260页

作者： Xiaoyang Xu Jia Zhang Zihao Zhang Guandan Lu Wei Cao Ning Wang Yunmeng Xia Qingliang Feng Shanlin Qiao College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018People’s Republic of China school of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China Hebei engineering Research Center of Organic Solid photoelectric Materials for Electronic Information Shijiazhuang 050018People’s Republic of China

Free-standing covalent organic framework(COFs)nanofilms exhibit a remarkable ability to rapidly intercalate/de-intercalate Li^(+) in lithium-ion batteries,while simultaneously exposing affluent active sites in supercapacitors.The development of these nanofilms offers a promising solution to address the persistent challenge of imbalanced charge storage kinetics between battery-type anode and capacitor-type cathode in lithium-ion capacitors(LICs).Herein,for the first time,custom-made COFBTMB-TP and COFTAPB-BPY nanofilms are synthesized as the anode and cathode,respectively,for an all-COF nanofilm-structured LIC.The COFBTMB-TP nanofilm with strong electronegative–CF3 groups enables tuning the partial electron cloud density for Li^(+) migration to ensure the rapid anode kinetic process.The thickness-regulated cathodic COFTAPB-BPY nanofilm can fit the anodic COF nanofilm in the capacity.Due to the aligned 1D channel,2D aromatic skeleton and accessible active sites of COF nanofilms,the whole COFTAPB-BPY//COFBTMB-TP LIC demonstrates a high energy density of 318 mWh cm^(−3) at a high-power density of 6 W cm^(−3),excellent rate capability,good cycle stability with the capacity retention rate of 77%after 5000-cycle.The COFTAPB-BPY//COFBTMB-TP LIC represents a new benchmark for currently reported film-type LICs and even film-type supercapacitors.After being comprehensively explored via ex situ XPS,7Li solid-state NMR analyses,and DFT calculation,it is found that the COFBTMB-TP nanofilm facilitates the reversible conversion of semi-ionic to ionic C–F bonds during lithium storage.COFBTMB-TP exhibits a strong interaction with Li^(+) due to the C–F,C=O,and C–N bonds,facilitating Li^(+) desolation and absorption from the electrolyte.This work addresses the challenge of imbalanced charge storage kinetics and capacity between the anode and cathode and also pave the way for future miniaturized and wearable LIC devices.

关键词： Covalent organic frameworks Lithium-ion capacitor Charge storage kinetic

In-situ powder mixing for laser-based directed energy deposition of functionally graded materials

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第1期12卷 150-166页

作者： Ji-Peng Chen Shou-Chun Xie He Huang school of Mechanical and Electronic engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037People’s Republic of China Nanjing Huirui photoelectric Technology Co. LtdNanjing211121People’s Republic of China

The mixing of powders is a highly relevant field under additive manufacturing,however,it has attracted limited interest to date.The in-situ mixing of various powders remains a significant challenge.This paper proposes a new method utilizing a static mixer for the in-situ mixing of multiple powders through the laser-based directed energy deposition(DED)of functionally graded materials.Firstly,a powder-mixing experimental platform was established;WC and 316L powders were selected for the mixing experiments.Secondly,scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy,and image processing were used to visually evaluate the homogeneity and proportion of the in-situ mixed powder.Furthermore,powder-mixing simulations were conducted to determine the powder-mixing mechanism.In the simulations,a powder carrier gas flow field and particle mixing were employed.Finally,a WC/316L metal matrix composite sample was produced using laser-based DED to verify the application potential of the static mixer.It was found that the static mixer could adjust the powder ratio online,and a response time of 1–2 s should be considered when adjusting the ratio of the mixed powder.A feasible approach for in-situ powder mixing for laser-based DED was demonstrated and investigated,creating the basis for functionally graded materials.

关键词： Laser Deposition Static mixer Powder mixing Functionally graded materials

Novel strategy of multidimensional information encryption via multi-color carbon dots aggregation-induced emission

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5680-5687页

作者： Liu Ding Xilang Jin Yuchong Gao Shouwang Kang Haiyan Bai Xuehao Ma Taotao Ai Hongwei Zhou Weixing Chen Shaanxi Key Laboratory of photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials Universities of Shaanxi Province School of Materials and Chemical EngineeringXi’an Technological UniversityXi’an 710021China school of Material Science and engineering Shaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhong 723000China Department of Materials Science and engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia 19104USA

Carbon dots(CDs)with aggregation-induced emission(AIE)have sparked significant interest in multidimensional anti-counterfeiting due to their exceptional fluorescence properties.However,the preparation of AIE CDs with multicolor solid-state fluorescence remains a formidable challenge due to its complicated construction.In the present work,a novel class of multicolor AIE CDs(M-CDs)were fabricated using selected precursor(salicylic acid,thiosalicylic acid,and 2,2'-dithiodibenzoic acid),with an eco-friendly,low-cost one-pot solvothermal method.In the dilute organic solution,M-CDs manifested blue emission,but upon aggregation in the presence of water,the red,yellow,green,and blue emissions were displayed due to the AIE effect.Structural analysis,coupled with theoretical calculations,revealed that the increase in the size of sp2 domains would lower the Eg and cause a red-shift emission wavelength.Significantly,the continuous emission of M-CDs from blue to red can be utilized as ink for multimode printing,enabling the creation of a variety of school badges and quick response codes.These findings hold promising implications for multi-information encryption applications.

关键词： aggregation-induced emission(AIE) luminescence mechanism multi-color emission information encryption.

Optical grade (Gd_(0.95-x)Lu_(x)Eu_(0.05))_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) ceramics with near-zero optical loss: Effects of Lu^(3+) doping on structural feature, microstructure evolution, and far-red luminescence

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第1期13卷 113-123页

作者： Zhigang Sun Ji-Guang Li Huiyu Qian Yoshio Sakka Tohru SSuzuki Bin Lu school of Materials Science and Chemical engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials ScienceIbaraki 305-0044Japan Key Laboratory of photoelectric Detection Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province Ningbo 315211China

A chemical co-precipitation strategy was employed to synthesize a series of(Gd_(0.95−x)Lu_(x)Eu_(0.05))_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)(x=0.1−0.95)powder phosphors,followed by vacuum sintering to achieve transparent garnet ceramic phosphors.The density functional theory indicated Lu_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) was formed in priority compared with Gd_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) during solid-phase reaction.Upon high-temperature sintering,the Lu^(3+)substitution for Gd^(3+)suppressed point mass diffusion leading to a smaller grain size.The in-line transmittances of bulk specimens with x=0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7,and 0.95 nm were~83.5%,80.1%,68.8%,73.7%,and 82.2%at 710 nm(Eu^(3+)emission center),respectively,among which the sample of x=0.1 exhibited the optical grade with near-zero optical loss in agreement with the defect-free single crystal(~100%of the theoretical transmittance).The resulting particle and ceramic materials both presented characteristic Eu^(3+)emission arising from 5D0→7FJ(J=1−4)transition,where the dominant far-red emission at~710 nm arising from ^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(4) transition overlapped with the absorption of phytochrome(PFR).The photoluminescence excitation and photoluminescence intensities of(Gd_(0.95−x)Lu_(x)Eu_(0.05))_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) powders and ceramics generally increased at a higher Gd^(3+)/Lu^(3+)ratio.Lu^(3+)dopants delayed the fluorescence lifetime while the bulk samples had shorter lifetime compared to the particle counterparts.The transparent(Gd_(0.85)Lu_(0.1)Eu_(0.05))3Al_(5)O_(12) ceramic phosphor exhibited good thermal stability with a high thermal quenching temperature above 533 K.The designed ceramic phosphor-converted light-emitting diode had a saturation injection current of 435 mA and a current-dependent color rendering index.More importantly,our report marked the developmental stage of transparent ceramic materials towards zero optical loss.

关键词： transparent ceramics garnet phosphors light-emitting diode(LED) optical properties Gibbs free energy

Three-channel CMOS transimpedance amplifier for LiDAR sensor receiver

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Journal of Systems engineering and Electronics 2024年第1期35卷 74-80页

作者： LIU Ruqing ZHU Jingguo JIANG Yan LI Feng JIANG Chenghao MENG Zhe photoelectric R&D Center Academy of Opto-ElectronicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China

For time-of-flight(TOF)light detection and ranging(LiDAR),a three-channel high-performance transimpedance amplifier(TIA)with high immunity to input load capacitance is presented.A regulated cascade(RGC)as the input stage is at the core of the complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)circuit chip,giving it more immunity to input photodiode detectors.A simple smart output interface acting as a feedback structure,which is rarely found in other designs,reduces the chip size and power consumption simultaneously.The circuit is designed using a 0.5μm CMOS process technology to achieve low cost.The device delivers a 33.87 dB?transimpedance gain at 350 MHz.With a higher input load capacitance,it shows a-3 dB bandwidth of 461 MHz,indicating a better detector tolerance at the front end of the system.Under a 3.3 V supply voltage,the device consumes 5.2 mW,and the total chip area with three channels is 402.8×597.0μm2(including the test pads).

关键词： transimpedance amplifier(TIA) three-channel regulated cascade(RGC) light detection and ranging(LiDAR)

A flexible ultra-broadband multi-layered absorber working at 2 GHz-40 GHz printed by resistive ink

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 329-333页

作者：汪涛闫玉伦陈巩华李迎胡俊毛剑波 school of Microelectronics Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230601China Special Display and Imaging Technology Innovation Center of Anhui Province Academy of Photoelectric TechnologyHefei University of TechnologyHefei 230027China

A flexible extra broadband metamaterial absorber(MMA)stacked with five layers working at 2 GHz–40 GHz is investigated.Each layer is composed of polyvinyl chloride(PVC),polyimide(PI),and a frequency selective surface(FSS),which is printed on PI using conductive ink.To investigate this absorber,both one-dimensional analogous circuit analysis and three-dimensional full-wave simulation based on a physical model are provided.Various crucial electromagnetic properties,such as absorption,effective impedance,complex permittivity and permeability,electric current distribution and magnetic field distribution at resonant peak points,are studied in detail.Analysis shows that the working frequency of this absorber covers entire S,C,X,Ku,K and Ka bands with a minimum thickness of 0.098λ_(max)(λ_(max) is the maximum wavelength in the absorption band),and the fractional bandwidth(FBW)reaches 181.1%.Moreover,the reflection coefficient is less than-10 dB at 1.998 GHz–40.056 GHz at normal incidence,and the absorptivity of the plane wave is greater than 80%when the incident angle is smaller than 50°.Furthermore,the proposed absorber is experimentally validated,and the experimental results show good agreement with the simulation results,which demonstrates the potential applicability of this absorber at 2 GHz–40 GHz.

关键词： extra broadband physical model flexible metamaterial absorber multi-layer frequency selective surface