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Analysis of the optimal target node to reduce seizure-like discharge in networks

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 712-720页

作者：闫璐瑶张红慧孙中奎 school of mathematics and statistics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710129China MIIT key laboratory of Dynamics and Control of Complex Systems Xi'an 710129China

Network approaches have been widely accepted to guide surgical strategy and predict outcome for epilepsy treatment.This study starts with a single oscillator to explore brain activity,using a phenomenological model capable of describing healthy and epileptic states.The ictal number of seizures decreases or remains unchanged with increasing the speed of oscillator excitability and in each seizure,there is an increasing tendency for ictal duration with respect to the speed.The underlying reason is that the strong excitability speed is conducive to reduce transition behaviors between two attractor basins.Moreover,the selection of the optimal removal node is estimated by an indicator proposed in this study.Results show that when the indicator is less than the threshold,removing the driving node is more possible to reduce seizures significantly,while the indicator exceeds the threshold,the epileptic node could be the removal one.Furthermore,the driving node is such a potential target that stimulating it is obviously effective in suppressing seizure-like activity compared to other nodes,and the propensity of seizures can be reduced 60%with the increased stimulus strength.Our results could provide new therapeutic ideas for epilepsy surgery and neuromodulation.

关键词： epilepsy driving node epileptic node seizure regulation

Density peak clustering using tensor network

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Science China(Information sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 321-322页

作者： Xiao SHI Yun SHANG Institute of mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences school of mathematical sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Center for mathematics and Interdisciplinary sciences Key Laboratory of ManagementDecision and Information SystemsAcademy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences

Tensor networks have been a powerful tool in simulating many-body physics and have recently gained recognition in the machine learning community due to their remarkable representation capabilities. However, using tens... 详细信息

关键词： Tensors

On Leray's problem in an infinitely long pipe with the Navier-slip boundary condition

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Science China mathematics 2024年第4期67卷 819-854页

作者： Zijin Li Xinghong Pan Jiaqi Yang school of mathematics and statistics Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China school of mathematics and key laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China school of mathematics and statistics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710129China

The original Leray’s problem concerns the well-posedness of weak solutions to the steady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in a distorted pipe,which approach the Poiseuille flow subject to the no-slip boundary condition at spatial infinity.In this paper,the same problem with the Navier-slip boundary condition instead of the no-slip boundary condition,is addressed.Due to the complexity of the boundary condition,some new ideas,presented as follows,are introduced to handle the extra difficulties caused by boundary terms.First,the Poiseuille flow in the semi-infinite straight pipe with the Navier-slip boundary condition will be introduced,which will serve as the asymptotic profile of the solution to the generalized Leray’s problem at spatial infinity.Second,a solenoidal vector function defined in the whole pipe,satisfying the Navierslip boundary condition,having the designated flux and equalling the Poiseuille flow at a large distance,will be carefully constructed.This plays an important role in reformulating our problem.Third,the energy estimates depend on a combined L2-estimate of the gradient and the stress tensor of the velocity.

关键词： stationary Navier-Stokes system Navier-slip boundary condition Leray's problem

Ultrafast micro/nano-manufacturing of metastable materials for energy

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 283-298页

作者： Xiaoya Cui Yanchang Liu Yanan Chen school of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology(Ministry of Education) and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsTianjin University Ministry of Education key laboratory of Protein sciences School of Life SciencesTsinghua University

The structural engineering of metastable nanomaterials with abundant defects has attracted much attention in energy-related fields. The high-temperature shock(HTS) technique, as a rapidly developing and advanced synthesis strategy, offers significant potential for the rational design and fabrication of high-quality nanocatalysts in an ultrafast, scalable, controllable and eco-friendly way. In this review, we provide an overview of various metastable micro-and nanomaterials synthesized via HTS, including single metallic and bimetallic nanostructures, high entropy alloys, metal compounds(e.g. metal oxides) and carbon nanomaterials. Note that HTS provides a new research dimension for nanostructures, i.e. kinetic modulation. Furthermore, we summarize the application of HTS—as supporting films for transmission electron microscopy grids—in the structural engineering of 2D materials, which is vital for the direct imaging of metastable materials. Finally, we discuss the potential future applications of high-throughput and liquid-phase HTS strategies for non-equilibrium micro/nano-manufacturing beyond energy-related fields.It is believed that this emerging research field will bring new opportunities to the development of nanoscience and nanotechnology in both fundamental and practical aspects.

关键词： high-temperature shock technique defect engineering metastable phase kinetic modulation non-equilibrium micro/nano-manufacturing

Fourier Transform of Anisotropic Hardy Spaces Associated with Ball Quasi-Banach Function Spaces and Its Applications to Hardy-Littlewood Inequalities

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年

作者： Chao-an LI Xian-jie YAN Da-chun YANG laboratory of mathematics and Complex Systems (Ministry of Education of China) School of Mathematical Sciences Beijing Normal University Institute of Contemporary mathematics School of Mathematics and Statistics Henan University

Let A be a general expansive matrix and X be a ball quasi-Banach function space on ■~n, whose certain power（namely its convexification） supports a Fefferman-Stein vector-valued maximal inequality and the associate space of whose other power supports the boundedness of the powered Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator.Let HXA（■~n） be the anisotropic Hardy space associated with A and X.The authors first prove that the Fourier transform of f ∈ HXA（■~n） coincides with a continuous function F on ■~n in the sense of tempered distributions.Moreover,the authors obtain a pointwise inequality that the function F is less than the product of the anisotropic Hardy space norm of f and a step function with respect to the transpose matrix of the expansive matrix A.Applying this,the authors further induce a higher order convergence for the function F at the origin and give a variant of the Hardy-Littlewood inequality in HXA（■~n）.All these results have a wide range of applications.Particularly,the authors apply these results,respectively,to classical（variable and mixed-norm）Lebesgue spaces,Lorentz spaces,Orlicz spaces,Orlicz-slice spaces,and local generalized Herz spaces and,even on the last four function spaces,the obtained results are completely new.

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Mean field game of optimal relative investment with jump risk

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Science China mathematics 2024年第5期67卷 1159-1188页

作者： Lijun Bo Shihua Wang Xiang Yu school of mathematics and statistics Xidian UniversityXi'an 710126China school of mathematical sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Applied mathematics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

In this paper,we study the n-player game and the mean field game under the constant relative risk aversion relative performance on terminal wealth,in which the interaction occurs by peer competition.In the model with n agents,the price dynamics of underlying risky assets depend on a common noise and contagious jump risk modeled by a multi-dimensional nonlinear Hawkes process.With a continuum of agents,we formulate the mean field game problem and characterize a deterministic mean field equilibrium in an analytical form under some conditions,allowing us to investigate some impacts of model parameters in the limiting model and discuss some financial implications.Moreover,based on the mean field equilibrium,we construct an approximate Nash equilibrium for the n-player game when n is sufficiently large.The explicit order of the approximation error is also derived.

关键词： relative performance contagious jump risk mean field game with jumps mean field equilibrium approximate Nash equilibrium

Prescribed-time stabilization and inverse optimal control of stochastic high-order nonlinear systems

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Science China(Information sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 144-156页

作者： Ran LIU Hui WANG Wuquan LI school of mathematics and statistics Science Ludong University

This paper investigates the prescribed-time state-feedback stabilization and prescribed-time inverse optimality problems for stochastic high-order nonlinear systems. First, a time-varying controller is designed by developing scaled quartic Lyapunov functions, which can guarantee that the system has a unique strong solution almost surely on the prescribed interval for any system initial conditions and that the states and the control converge to the origin in a mean-square form within the prescribed time. Then, the controller is redesigned to address the problem of prescribed-time inverse optimal mean-square stabilization. Finally,a concrete example is provided to confirm the efficiency of the proposed design schemes.

关键词： stochastic high-order nonlinear systems prescribed-time stabilization the scaled design inverse optimality

Ancient dormant virus remnant ERVW-1 drives ferroptosis via degradation of GPX4 and SLC3A2 in schizophrenia

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 31-43页

作者： Dongyan Zhang Xiulin Wu Xing Xue Wenshi Li Ping Zhou Zhao Lv Kexin Zhao Fan Zhu State key laboratory of Virology and Department of Medical Microbiology School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan430071China hubei Province key laboratory of Allergy&Immunology Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China

Human endogenous retroviruses(HERVs)are remnants of retroviral infections in human germline cells from millions of years ago.Among these,ERVW-1(also known as HERV-W-ENV,ERVWE1,or ENVW)encodes the envelope protein of the HERV-W family,which contributes to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.Additionally,neuropathological studies have revealed cell death and disruption of iron homeostasis in the brains of individuals with schizophrenia.Here,our bioinformatics analysis showed that differentially expressed genes in the human prefrontal cortex RNA microarray dataset(GSE53987)were mainly related to ferroptosis and its associated pathways.Clinical data demonstrated significantly lower expression levels of ferroptosis-related genes,particularly Glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)and solute carrier family 3 member 2(SLC3A2),in schizophrenia patients compared to normal controls.Further in-depth analyses revealed a significant negative correlation between ERVW-1 expression and the levels of GPX4/SLC3A2 in schizophrenia.Studies indicated that ERVW-1 increased iron levels,malondialdehyde(MDA),and transferrin receptor protein 1(TFR1)expression while decreasing glutathione(GSH)levels and triggering the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential,suggesting that ERVW-1 can induce ferroptosis.Ongoing research has shown that ERVW-1 reduced the expression of GPX4 and SLC3A2 by inhibiting their promoter activities.Moreover,Ferrostatin-1(Fer-1),the ferroptosis inhibitor,reversed the iron accumulation and mitochondrial membrane potential loss,as well as restored the expressions of ferroptosis markers GSH,MDA,and TFR1 induced by ERVW-1.In conclusion,ERVW-1 could promote ferroptosis by downregulating the expression of GPX4 and SLC3A2,revealing a novel mechanism by which ERVW-1 contributes to neuronal cell death in schizophrenia.

关键词： ERVW-1 Glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4) Solute carrier family 3 member 2(SLC3A2) Ferroptosis Schizophrenia

Uniqueness Problem for the Backward Differential Equation of a Continuous-State Branching Process

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年

作者： Pei-Sen LI Zenghu LI school of mathematics and statistics Beijing Institute of Technology school of mathematical sciences Beijing Normal University

The distributional properties of a multi-dimensional continuous-state branching process are determined by its cumulant semigroup, which is defined by the backward differential equation.We provide a proof of the assertion of Rhyzhov and Skorokhod(Theory Probab. Appl., 1970) on the uniqueness of the solutions to the equation, which is based on a characterization of the process as the pathwise unique solution to a system of stochastic equations.

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